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==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=genreg2012>{{cite web |url= http://www5.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-206227-223450-177140-0-file,00.pdf |title= Constitution and General Regulations 2012 |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |date= June 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130702033356/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0%2C11040%2C4844-206227-223450-177140-0-file%2C00.pdf |archive-date= July 2, 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=genreg2010>{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-203191-220414-166536-0-file,00.pdf |title= Constitution and General Regulations 2010 |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |date= June 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111018075831/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0%2C11040%2C4844-203191-220414-166536-0-file%2C00.pdf |archive-date= October 18, 2011 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=isuSFTR>{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-206192-223415-177357-0-file,00.pdf |title= Special Regulations & Technical Rules: Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance 2012 |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |date= June 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131029201118/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0%2C11040%2C4844-206192-223415-177357-0-file%2C00.pdf |archive-date= October 29, 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=deduc>{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-202793-220016-166867-0-file,00.pdf |title= Singles and Pairs Deductions: Who is responsible? |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101011053431/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0%2C11040%2C4844-202793-220016-166867-0-file%2C00.pdf |archive-date= October 11, 2010 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=tphss>{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-197593-214816-125742-0-file,00.pdf |title= IJS Technical Panel Handbook – Single Skating 2012/2013 |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |date= August 7, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130510145751/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0%2C11040%2C4844-197593-214816-125742-0-file%2C00.pdf |archive-date= May 10, 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <!-- <ref name=components>{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-152086-169302-64121-0-file,00.pdf |title= Components with Explanations |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |date= July 31, 2004 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131203012347/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0%2C11040%2C4844-152086-169302-64121-0-file%2C00.pdf |archive-date= December 3, 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref> --> <ref name="isu2089">{{Cite web|url=http://www.usfigureskating.org/content/ISU%202089-sptc-comm-goe-sov-2017-18.pdf|title=ISU Communication No. 2089: Single & Pair Skating – Scale of Values, Levels of Difficulty and Guidelines for marking Grade of Execution, season 2017/18 (REVISED)|date=May 11, 2017|website=USFigureSkating.org|publisher=[[International Skating Union]]|access-date=July 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222181727/https://www.usfigureskating.org/content/ISU%202089-sptc-comm-goe-sov-2017-18.pdf|archive-date=February 22, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=isu2168>{{Cite web|url=https://www.isu.org/communications/17142-isu-communication-2168/file|title=ISU Communication No. 2168: Single & Pair Skating – Scale of Values, Levels of Difficulty and Guidelines for marking Grade of Execution, season 2018/19 (REVISED)|date=June 25, 2018|website=ISU.org|access-date=July 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708104027/https://www.isu.org/communications/17142-isu-communication-2168/file|archive-date=July 8, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=Haines>{{cite web |url=http://www.usfsa.org/story?id=83981 |title=History |website=usfsa.org |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122005752/http://www.usfsa.org/story?id=83981 |archive-date=November 22, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=ISUHistory>{{cite web |title= Some Key Dates in ISU History |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vcontent/page/custom/0,8510,4844-130844-132152-20256-74409-custom-item,00.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131103104536/http://www2.isu.org/vsite/vcontent/page/custom/0%2C8510%2C4844-130844-132152-20256-74409-custom-item%2C00.html |archive-date= November 3, 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=nyt900502>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/02/sports/professional-rules-undergo-change.html |title= Professional Rules Undergo Change |first= Michael |last= Janofsky |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= May 2, 1990 |access-date= February 7, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627084153/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/02/sports/professional-rules-undergo-change.html |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=nyt970216>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/16/sports/kwan-s-slips-open-door-for-a-younger-champion.html |title= Kwan's Slips Open Door For a Younger Champion |first= Jere |last= Longman |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= February 16, 1997 |access-date= October 31, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527055128/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/16/sports/kwan-s-slips-open-door-for-a-younger-champion.html |archive-date=May 27, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=nyt940206>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/06/sports/focus-on-sports-the-whole-world-is-watching.html |title= FOCUS ON SPORTS; The Whole World Is Watching |first= Jere |last= Longman |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= February 6, 1994 |access-date= February 7, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170626044053/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/06/sports/focus-on-sports-the-whole-world-is-watching.html |archive-date= June 26, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=nyt880326>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/26/sports/a-quadruple-jump-on-ice.html |title=A Quadruple Jump on Ice |agency=Associated Press |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 26, 1988 |access-date=October 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130222073451/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/26/sports/a-quadruple-jump-on-ice.html |archive-date=February 22, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=nyt32611>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/27/sports/27skating.html |title= It Isn't Over Until She Says |first= Joanne C. |last= Gerstner |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= March 26, 2011 |access-date= March 26, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627090807/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/27/sports/27skating.html |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=embracing>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/29/sports/29iht-RINK29.html |title= Embracing the Risks of Figure Skating Pays Off for Chan |first= Christopher |last= Clarey |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= April 28, 2011 |access-date= September 9, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627084108/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/29/sports/29iht-RINK29.html |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=comeback>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/19/sports/russian-s-comeback-in-pairs-is-stunning.html |title= Russian's Comeback In Pairs Is Stunning |last= Longman |first= Jere |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= March 19, 1997 |access-date= June 6, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120429165203/http://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/19/sports/russian-s-comeback-in-pairs-is-stunning.html |archive-date= April 29, 2012 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=nytjl980204>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/04/sports/olympics-nagano-1998-taking-life-and-its-scars-and-pains.html |title= OLYMPICS: NAGANO 1998; Taking Life and Its Scars and Pains |first= Jere |last= Longman |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= February 4, 1998 |access-date= February 7, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160315210347/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/04/sports/olympics-nagano-1998-taking-life-and-its-scars-and-pains.html |archive-date= March 15, 2016 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=muscles>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/17/sports/olympics/17icedancers.html |title= New Muscles and Pounds Boost an American Ice Dancer's Outlook |last= Macur |first= Juliet |date= February 16, 2010 |work= [[The New York Times]] |access-date= December 22, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627092329/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/17/sports/olympics/17icedancers.html |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=macur20100222>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/22/sports/olympics/22kiss.html |title= After Skating, a Unique Olympic Event: Crying |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= February 22, 2010 |access-date= July 29, 2012 |first= Juliet |last= Macur |pages= A1 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627100952/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/22/sports/olympics/22kiss.html |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=w11mlp>{{cite news |url= http://www.goldenskate.com/2011/04/chan-takes-world-title-with-record-score/ |title= Chan takes World title with record score |last= Flade |first= Tatjana |date= April 28, 2011 |website= Golden Skate |access-date= April 29, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181031052716/https://goldenskate.com/2011/04/chan-takes-world-title-with-record-score/ |archive-date= October 31, 2018 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=quadevo991202>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbssports.com/u/wire/stories/0,1169,1675967_10946,00.html |title=The quad: Skating's evolution is for more revolution |work=CBS Sports |date=December 2, 1999 |access-date=October 31, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001031031500/http://cbs.sportsline.com/u/wire/stories/0%2C1169%2C1675967_10946%2C00.html |archive-date=October 31, 2000 }}</ref> <ref name=spillhenie>{{cite news |url= http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/siforwomen/top_100/4/ |title= 100 Greatest Female Athletes: Sonja Henie |first= Paul |last= Hunt |website=sportsillustrated.cnn.com |access-date= September 5, 2006 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060911201834/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/siforwomen/top_100/4/ |archive-date= September 11, 2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=reu110406>{{cite news |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-olympics-sochi-events-idUKTRE7353FI20110406 |title=Sochi 2014 winter Games to have six new events |first=Karolos |last=Grohmann |date=April 6, 2011 |work=[[Reuters]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210513195951/https://www.webcitation.org/64N6YWElg?url=http://uk.reuters.com/assets/print%3Faid=UKTRE7353FI20110406 |archive-date=May 13, 2021 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=ctteam>{{cite news |url= http://newsblogs.chicagotribune.com/sports_globetrotting/2011/04/team-figure-skating-event-womens-ski-jumping-new-olympic-events.html |title= Team figure skating, women's ski jumping new Olympic events |first= Philip |last= Hersh |date= April 6, 2011 |work= [[Chicago Tribune]] |access-date= April 6, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110410031536/http://newsblogs.chicagotribune.com/sports_globetrotting/2011/04/team-figure-skating-event-womens-ski-jumping-new-olympic-events.html |archive-date= April 10, 2011 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=reu120329>{{cite news |url= https://www.reuters.com/article/figure-skating-olympics-team-idUSL3E8ET8WL20120329 |title= Figure skating-New team event at Sochi Olympics will begin early |first= Pritha |last= Sarkar |work= [[Reuters]] |date= March 29, 2012 |access-date= July 1, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121022183115/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/03/29/figure-skating-olympics-team-idUSL3E8ET8WL20120329 |archive-date= October 22, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=isu9861>{{cite web |url= https://aoc-cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/corporate/live/files/dmfile/ISU_FigureSkating_Sochi2014_Sept2012.pdf |title= Qualification system for XXII Olympic Winter Games, Sochi 2014 |date= September 2012 |access-date= November 21, 2018 |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160921061702/https://aoc-cdn.s3.amazonaws.com/corporate/live/files/dmfile/ISU_FigureSkating_Sochi2014_Sept2012.pdf |archive-date= September 21, 2016 |df= mdy-all }}</ref> <ref name=1993nssII>{{Cite web|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/archives/1993/9309080111.asp|title=1993 National Sports Study II}}</ref> <ref name=lvsun>{{Cite web|url=https://lasvegassun.com/news/1996/mar/21/stars-on-ice-as-nice-as-the-kids-next-door/|title=Stars on ice: As nice as the kids next door – Las Vegas Sun Newspaper|first=Shelley Donald|last=Coolidge|date=March 21, 1996|website=lasvegassun.com|access-date=September 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903071123/https://lasvegassun.com/news/1996/mar/21/stars-on-ice-as-nice-as-the-kids-next-door/|archive-date=September 3, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=iebrennan>{{cite book |first=Christine |last=Brennan |title=Inside Edge: A Revealing Journey into the Secret World of Figure Skating |publisher=Scribner |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-6848-0167-4 |page=17 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z3jfFbkx_uwC&q=%22eight+most+popular%22 |access-date=May 3, 2021 |archive-date=April 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404042619/https://books.google.com/books?id=z3jfFbkx_uwC&q=%22eight+most+popular%22 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=aboutrinks>{{cite web |url= http://proicehockey.about.com/od/international/a/olympic_rules.htm |title= Olympic Hockey Rules Versus NHL Rules |first= Jamie |last= Fitzpatrick |date= November 16, 2018 |publisher=[[Dotdash]] |website= thoughtco.com |access-date= January 1, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130116071413/http://proicehockey.about.com/od/international/a/olympic_rules.htm |archive-date= January 16, 2013 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=usatslip>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/columnist/brennan/2008-01-23-skating_N.htm |work=USA Today |first=Christine |last=Brennan |title=TV ratings slip as figure skating loses its edge |date=January 23, 2008 |access-date=August 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217061129/http://www.usatoday.com/sports/columnist/brennan/2008-01-23-skating_N.htm |archive-date=February 17, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=India>{{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/et-cetera/ice-rink-comes-up-in-gurgaon-10-more-across-country-in-5-years/articleshow/11027990.cms |title=Ice rink comes up in Gurgaon; 10 more across country in 5 Years |date=December 8, 2011 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141122153037/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/news-by-industry/et-cetera/ice-rink-comes-up-in-gurgaon-10-more-across-country-in-5-years/articleshow/11027990.cms |archive-date=November 22, 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=nyt991219>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/19/nyregion/the-costs-of-pursuing-a-medal.html |title= The Costs Of Pursuing A Medal |first= Mary Ann |last= Castronovo Fusco |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= December 19, 1999 |access-date= February 7, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627093052/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/19/nyregion/the-costs-of-pursuing-a-medal.html |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=usfscost>{{cite news |url=https://www.usfsa.org/Content/parentsarticles/Parents_Oct04.pdf |title=FOCUS for parents: What does it cost to skate competitively? |first=Doris |last=Bodmer |date=October 2004 |website=usfsa.org |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190818080721/https://www.usfsa.org/Content/parentsarticles/Parents_Oct04.pdf |archive-date=August 18, 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=tie110920>{{cite news |url= http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20110920&content_id=24957686&vkey=ice_news |title= The Inside Edge: The new quad king |first1= Sarah S. |last1= Brannen |first2= Drew |last2= Meekins |date= September 20, 2011 |work= Icenetwork |access-date= September 20, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110925073642/http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20110920&content_id=24957686&vkey=ice_news |archive-date= September 25, 2011 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref> <ref name=isu111207>{{cite news |url= http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20111207&content_id=26115228&vkey=ice_pressrelease |title= Preview of 2011 Grand Prix Final in Quebec |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |date= December 7, 2011 |access-date= December 7, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140106213036/http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20111207&content_id=26115228&vkey=ice_pressrelease |archive-date= January 6, 2014 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref> <ref name=usopen>{{cite web |url=http://www.usopen.org/en_US/about/history/prizemoney.html |title=US Open: Prize Money |work=usopen.org |access-date=December 7, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111123154414/http://www.usopen.org/en_US/about/history/prizemoney.html |archive-date=November 23, 2011 }}</ref> <ref name=usfsfunding>{{cite web |url=http://www.usfsa.org/story?id=84089 |title=Funding |website=usfsa.org |access-date=November 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121161758/http://www.usfsa.org/story?id=84089 |archive-date=November 21, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=ct111028>{{cite news |url= https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/ct-xpm-2011-10-28-chi-the-bottom-line-lysacek-us-skating-both-losing-in-dispute-between-them-20111028-story.html |title= The bottom line: Lysacek, U.S. Skating both losing in dispute between them |first= Philip |last= Hersh |work= [[Chicago Tribune]] |date= October 28, 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007150806/https://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/ct-xpm-2011-10-28-chi-the-bottom-line-lysacek-us-skating-both-losing-in-dispute-between-them-20111028-story.html |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=promin>{{cite news |url= http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20111202&content_id=26082034&vkey=ice_news |title= Amodio, Meite seek prominence in different ways |first= Jean-Christophe |last= Berlot |work= Ice Network |date= December 2, 2011 |access-date= December 2, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140106213104/http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20111202&content_id=26082034&vkey=ice_news |archive-date= January 6, 2014 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref> <ref name=ifs110713>{{cite news |url=http://www.ifsmagazine.com/articles/582-european-news-aliona-savchenko-and-robin-szolkowy-and-more |title=European News: Aliona Savchenko and Robin Szolkowy and More: Summer Updates |last=Kany |first=Klaus-Reinhold |date=July 13, 2011 |work=IFS Magazine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111120160757/http://www.ifsmagazine.com/articles/582-european-news-aliona-savchenko-and-robin-szolkowy-and-more |archive-date=November 20, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=ap120123>{{cite news |url=http://sports.nationalpost.com/2012/01/23/caroline-wozniacki-should-not-be-ranked-no-1-martina-navratilova/ |title=Caroline Wozniacki should not be ranked No. 1: Martina Navratilova |date=January 23, 2012 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |publisher=[[National Post]] |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120124090515/http://sports.nationalpost.com/2012/01/23/caroline-wozniacki-should-not-be-ranked-no-1-martina-navratilova/ |archive-date=January 24, 2012 |url-status=dead |access-date=January 25, 2012 }}</ref> <ref name=dilemma>{{cite news |url= http://web.icenetwork.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20120124&content_id=26455774&vkey=ice_news |title= Wounded Savchenko and 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Injuries to Reach Top Ten |last=Mittan |first=Barry |date=December 3, 2001 |work=GoldenSkate.com |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240525163527/https://www.webcitation.org/64eCtBW4k?url=http://www.goldenskate.com/2001/12/bulgarian-dancers-triumph-over-injuries-to-reach-top-ten/print/ |archive-date=May 25, 2024 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=cnn070423>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/04/23/skater.trauma/index.html |title=Journey back to the ice: Skaters recover after slash |first=Amy |last=Burkholder |work=[[CNN]] |date=April 23, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005003816/http://articles.cnn.com/2007-04-23/health/skater.trauma_1_jessica-dube-bryce-davison-world-figure-skating-championships?_s=PM%3AHEALTH |archive-date=October 5, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=maniachenko>{{cite web |url=http://www.isuresults.com/bios/isufs00000157.htm |title=Galina EFREMENKO: 2005/2006 |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] 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12, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=SI130410>{{cite news |url= http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/news/20130410/agnes-zawadzki/ |title= Agnes Zawadzki aiming for newly open spot at 2014 games |first= Brian |last= Cazeneuve |website=sportsillustrated.cnn.com |date= April 10, 2013 |access-date= April 12, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130414054554/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/news/20130410/agnes-zawadzki/ |archive-date= April 14, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=TGAM130119>{{cite news |url= http://m.theglobeandmail.com/sports/more-sports/bearing-up-under-a-deluge-of-teddy-bears-panties-and-sundry-other-projectiles/article7551576/?service=mobile |title= Bearing up under a deluge of teddy bears, panties and sundry other projectiles |first= Hayley |last= Mick |work= The Globe and Mail |date= January 19, 2013 |access-date= March 18, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130318052311/http://m.theglobeandmail.com/sports/more-sports/bearing-up-under-a-deluge-of-teddy-bears-panties-and-sundry-other-projectiles/article7551576/?service=mobile |archive-date= March 18, 2013 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=NYT090622>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/23/science/23skate.html |title= Science Takes to the Ice |first= Pam |last= Belluck |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= June 22, 2009 |access-date= February 7, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627114812/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/23/science/23skate.html |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=AFS2014>{{cite web|url=http://www.sochi2014.com/en/figure-skating-about |title=About Figure Skating |website=Sochi2014.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140129014622/http://www.sochi2014.com/en/figure-skating-about |archive-date=January 29, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=BBC840214>{{cite news |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/14/newsid_4156000/4156053.stm |title= 1984: British ice couple score Olympic gold |work= BBC News |date= February 14, 1984 |access-date= February 19, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080131145249/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/14/newsid_4156000/4156053.stm |archive-date= January 31, 2008 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=CH4GSM>{{cite news |url= http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/tv/microsites/G/greatest_sporting/results.html |title= 100 Greatest Sporting Moments – Results |publisher=[[Channel 4]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020628025741/http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/tv/microsites/G/greatest_sporting/results.html|archive-date=June 28, 2002|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=NBCC140212>{{cite news |url= http://www.nbcconnecticut.com/on-air/as-seen-on/Researchers-Investigate-Link-Between-Figure-Skating-Spins-and-Concussions_Hartford-245122111.html |title= Researchers Investigate Link Between Figure Skating Spins and Concussions |publisher=NBC Connecticut |date= February 12, 2014 |access-date= February 26, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150903224404/http://www.nbcconnecticut.com/on-air/as-seen-on/Researchers-Investigate-Link-Between-Figure-Skating-Spins-and-Concussions_Hartford-245122111.html |archive-date= September 3, 2015 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=NYT140218>{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/19/sports/olympics/rhapsody-in-blue-or-rap-skating-will-add-vocals.html |title= 'Rhapsody in Blue' or Rap? Skating Will Add Vocals |first= Christopher |last= Clarey |work= [[The New York Times]] |date= February 18, 2014 |access-date= February 7, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170707185102/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/19/sports/olympics/rhapsody-in-blue-or-rap-skating-will-add-vocals.html |archive-date= July 7, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=NDN140217>{{cite news |url= http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/02/17/3941500/programmer-makes-music-jump-for.html |title= Programmer makes music jump for Olympic skaters |first= Harriet |last= Howard Heithaus |work= Naples Daily News |publisher=Miami Herald |date= February 17, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140226234052/http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/02/17/3941500/programmer-makes-music-jump-for.html |archive-date=February 26, 2014 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=SM1404>{{cite news |url= http://content.yudu.com/A2rani/SkatingApr2014/resources/index.htm |title= Shin splints or anterior compartment syndrome? |work= [[U.S. Figure Skating#Media|Skating]] |date= April 2014 |page= 55 |access-date= April 9, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140409170432/http://content.yudu.com/A2rani/SkatingApr2014/resources/index.htm |archive-date= April 9, 2014 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=IN131007>{{cite news |url= http://www.icenetwork.com/news/2013/10/07/62551376/french-skaters-debut-programs-in-orl233ans |title= French skaters debut programs in Orléans |first= Jean-Christophe |last= Berlot |publisher=[[U.S. Figure Skating#Ice Network|Ice Network]] |date= October 7, 2013 |access-date= April 15, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140414224850/http://www.icenetwork.com/news/2013/10/07/62551376/french-skaters-debut-programs-in-orl233ans |archive-date= April 14, 2014 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref> <ref name=AP111022>{{cite news |url= https://www.espn.com/olympics/figureskating/story/_/id/7133485/michal-brezina-ahead-skate-america-short-program |title= Michal Brezina leads Skate America |agency= [[Associated Press]] |publisher=[[ESPN]] |date= October 22, 2011 |access-date= April 15, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140415023719/http://espn.go.com/olympics/figureskating/story/_/id/7133485/michal-brezina-ahead-skate-america-short-program |archive-date= April 15, 2014 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=GS120328ps>{{cite news |url= http://www.goldenskate.com/2012/03/savchenko-and-szolkowy-land-throw-triple-axel-lead-pairs-in-nice/ |title= Savchenko and Szolkowy land throw triple Axel; lead pairs in Nice |first= Anna |last= Kondakova |website= Golden Skate |date= March 28, 2012 |access-date= April 15, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140415023753/http://www.goldenskate.com/2012/03/savchenko-and-szolkowy-land-throw-triple-axel-lead-pairs-in-nice/ |archive-date= April 15, 2014 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=WMQI1105>{{cite web |url= http://www.usfsa.org/content/What%20Makes%20Quality%20Ice.pdf |title= What makes quality ice? |first1= Jeff |last1= Theiler |first2= Sara |last2= Kurko |website=usfsa.org |date= May 2011 |pages= 46–47 |access-date= April 15, 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140521022529/http://www.usfsa.org/content/What%20Makes%20Quality%20Ice.pdf |archive-date= May 21, 2014 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name="Olympic.org161031">{{cite web |url=https://www.olympic.org/athlete365/news/8-things-you-didnt-know-about-figure-skating/ |title=8 things you didn't know about ... Figure skating |publisher=[[International Olympic Committee|IOC]] |website=olympic.org |date=October 31, 2016 |access-date=July 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714193548/https://www.olympic.org/athlete365/news/8-things-you-didnt-know-about-figure-skating/ |archive-date=July 14, 2018 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=IN140716>{{cite news |url= http://web.icenetwork.com/news/2014/07/16/84921200 |title= The Inside Edge: Programs with vocals on the way |first1= Sarah S. |last1= Brannen |first2= Drew |last2= Meekins |work= [[U.S. Figure Skating#Ice Network|Ice Network]] |date= July 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719025143/http://web.icenetwork.com/news/2014/07/16/84921200 |archive-date=July 19, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=CT140929>{{cite news |url= http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/breaking/chi-synchro-figure-skating-mass-start-speed-race-proposed-for-2018-olympics-20140929-story.html |title= Synchro figure skating, mass start speed race proposed for 2018 Olympics |first= Philip |last= Hersh |work= [[Chicago Tribune]] |date= September 29, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008154526/http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/breaking/chi-synchro-figure-skating-mass-start-speed-race-proposed-for-2018-olympics-20140929-story.html |archive-date= October 8, 2014}}</ref> <ref name=NBC180224>{{cite web |url=https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2018/02/24/synchronized-skating-could-be-included-in-2022-olympic-program/ |title=Synchronized skating could be included in 2022 Olympic program |first=Rachel |last=Lutz |date=February 24, 2018 |work=[[NBC Sports]] |access-date=September 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928143734/https://olympics.nbcsports.com/2018/02/24/synchronized-skating-could-be-included-in-2022-olympic-program/ |archive-date=September 28, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name=CBC151118>{{cite news |url= http://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/winter/figureskating/figure-skaters-get-creative-to-cover-massive-costs-1.3322853 |title= Figure skaters get creative to cover massive costs |first= PJ |last= Kwong |work= CBC Sports |date= November 18, 2015 |access-date= November 22, 2015 |archive-date= November 22, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151122154356/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/winter/figureskating/figure-skaters-get-creative-to-cover-massive-costs-1.3322853 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=CBC151118b>{{cite news |url= http://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/winter/figureskating/cost-of-pair-figure-skater-1.3324598 |title= The cost of being a pair figure skater, item by item |work= CBC Sports |date= November 18, 2015 |access-date= November 22, 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151122154043/http://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/winter/figureskating/cost-of-pair-figure-skater-1.3324598 |archive-date= November 22, 2015 |url-status= live }}</ref> <!--Unused ref<ref name=Pursuit-LIDM>{{cite news |url= https://www.pursu.it/pursuit/campaign/102 |title= Lubov Iliushechkina & Dylan Moscovitch |publisher=pursu.it |access-date=November 1, 2015 }}</ref>--> <ref name=IN160202>{{cite news |url= http://www.icenetwork.com/news/2016/02/02/163386260 |title= Concussions in figure skating: How they happen |first= Lynn |last= Rutherford |work= [[IceNetwork.com]] |date= February 2, 2016 |access-date= February 2, 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160205114859/http://www.icenetwork.com/news/2016/02/02/163386260 |archive-date= February 5, 2016 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref> <ref name=CT910214>{{cite news |url= https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1991-02-14-9101140379-story.html |title= Rodnina Confirms Soviet Steroid Use |first= Phil |last= Hersh |work= [[Chicago Tribune]] |date= February 14, 1991 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007202143/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1991-02-14-9101140379-story.html |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=SS880228>{{cite news |url= http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1988-02-28/news/8801120691_1_figure-brian-boitano-skater |title= Damigella Eyes Chance At Gold In Next Olympics |first= Dave |last= Heeren |work= [[Sun-Sentinel]] |date= February 28, 1988 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161129105825/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1988-02-28/news/8801120691_1_figure-brian-boitano-skater |archive-date= November 29, 2016 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=WADA>{{cite web |url= https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/2015_adrvs_report_web_release_0.pdf |title= 2015 Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) Report |publisher=[[World Anti-Doping Agency]] |page= 10 |date= April 3, 2017 |access-date= April 6, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170406225841/https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/2015_adrvs_report_web_release_0.pdf |archive-date= April 6, 2017 |url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name=WCP>{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-148238-165454-56217-0-file,00.pdf |title= World Figure Skating Championships: Pairs |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131205021633/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0%2C11040%2C4844-148238-165454-56217-0-file%2C00.pdf |archive-date= December 5, 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref> <ref name=judging>{{cite web|url=http://www.isu.org/vsite/vcontent/page/custom/0,8510,4844-152094-169310-31825-132302-custom-item,00.html|title=Summary of ISU Judging System for Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance 2004/5|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211025052/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vcontent/page/custom/0,8510,4844-152094-169310-31825-132302-custom-item,00.html|archive-date=December 11, 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=September 4, 2006}}</ref> <ref name=isuws>{{cite web |url=http://www.isu.org/vsite/vnavsite/page/directory/0,10853,4844-130267-131575-nav-list,00.html |title=ISU Communication 1629 |date=July 21, 2010 |publisher=[[International Skating Union|ISU]] |access-date=July 31, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816034908/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vnavsite/page/directory/0,10853,4844-130267-131575-nav-list,00.html |archive-format=downloadable PDF |archive-date=August 16, 2011}}</ref> <ref name=vocalsnote>Notable skaters who used vocal music without lyrics or words: *[[Elena Berezhnaya]] / [[Anton Sikharulidze]] won gold in pair skating at the [[1999 World Figure Skating Championships|1999 World Championships]] skating to Concerto for Coloratura with vocals by Evgenia Miroshnichenko. *[[Maria Butyrskaya]] took bronze in ladies' singles at the [[2000 World Figure Skating Championships|2000 World Championships]] skating to Scene d'Amour with vocals by Sarah Brightman.</ref> }} ===Works cited=== *{{cite book|title=Evaluation of Errors in Figures, with Sections on Free Skating and Pair Skating |edition=8th |publisher=USFSA |year=1976}} *{{cite book|last=Petkevich |first=John Misha |author-link=John Misha Petkevich |title=Figure Skating: Championship Techniques |isbn=0-452-26209-7 |year=1988 |publisher=Sports Illustrated}} *{{cite book|last=Dĕdič |first=Josef |title=Single Figure Skating |year=1974}} *{{cite book|last=Wright |first=Benjamin T. |title=Skating in America (1921-1996): The 75th Anniversary History of the United States Figure Skating Association |year=1996 |publisher=USFSA}} *{{cite book|last=Boo |first=Michael |title=The Story of Figure Skating |isbn=0-688-15821-8 |year=1998 |publisher=Harper Collins}} *{{cite book|last=Smith |first=Beverley |title=Figure Skating: A Celebration |isbn=0-7710-2819-9 |year=1994 |publisher=McClelland & Stewart}} *{{cite book|last=Ogilvie |first=Robert S. |title=Competitive Figure Skating: A Parent's Guide |isbn=0-06-015375-X |year=1985 |publisher=Harper Collins}} *Johnson, Susan A.: "And Then There Were None". ''Skating'', March/April 1991. *{{cite web |url= http://iceskatingintnl.com/archive/features/lifts.htm |title= Mechanics of Lifts |first= George |last= Rossano |work= Ice Skating International |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160313113047/http://iceskatingintnl.com/archive/features/lifts.htm |archive-date= March 13, 2016 |url-status=live}} *{{Cite book |last=Hines |first=James R. |url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000hine |title=Historical Dictionary of Figure Skating |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-8108-6859-5 |location=Lanham, Maryland |access-date=19 July 2024}} *{{Cite book |last=Hines |first=James R. |title=Figure Skating: A History |publisher=University of Illinois Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-252-07286-4 |location=Urbana, Illinois}} *{{Cite book |last=Kestnbaum |first=Ellyn |title=Culture on Ice: Figure Skating and Cultural Meaning |publisher=Wesleyan University Press |year=2003 |isbn=0-8195-6641-1 |location=Middletown, Connecticut}} *[https://www.isu.org/figure-skating/rules/fsk-regulations-rules/file "Special Regulations & Technical Rules Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance 2022"]. Lausanne, Switzerland: International Skating Union. June 2022. Retrieved February 26, 2023 (S&P/ID 2022). *[https://www.isu.org/inside-isu/rules-regulations/isu-statutes-constitution-regulations-technical ISU Constitution & Regulations] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20131211025052/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vcontent/page/custom/0,8510,4844-152094-169310-31825-132302-custom-item,00.html ISU Judging System Summary] *{{cite web |url= http://www.isu.org/vsite/vnavsite/page/directory/0,10853,4844-152055-169271-nav-list,00.html |title= ISU Judging Systems |publisher=International Skating Union |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090329022906/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vnavsite/page/directory/0%2C10853%2C4844-152055-169271-nav-list%2C00.html |archive-date= March 29, 2009 |url-status= dead }} *[https://www.usfigureskating.org/about/scoring-system Scoring System: IJS vs. 6.0 system] (US Figure Skating Association) *[https://usfigureskating.org/sites/default/files/media-files/Scoring%20Cheat%20Sheet.pdf "Understanding the International Judging System"] (US Figure Skating Association)
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