Editing Concerto (section)

=====Piano concerto=====
{{more citations needed|section|date=April 2021}}
{{Main|Piano concerto}}

Classical era:
* Mozart:
** [[Piano Concertos K. 107 (Mozart)|Three Concertos after J.C. Bach, K. 107]]
** [[Piano Concertos Nos. 1–4 (Mozart)#No. 1 (K. 37) in F major|No. 1 in F major, K. 37]]
** [[Piano Concertos Nos. 1–4 (Mozart)#No. 2 (K. 39) in B-flat major|No. 2 in B{{music|flat}} major, K. 39]]
** [[Piano Concertos Nos. 1–4 (Mozart)#No. 3 (K. 40) in D major|No. 3 in D major, K. 40]]
** [[Piano Concertos Nos. 1–4 (Mozart)#No. 4 (K. 41) in G major|No. 4 in G major, K. 41]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 5 (Mozart)|No. 5 in D major, K. 175]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 6 (Mozart)|No. 6 in B{{music|flat}} major, K. 238]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 8 (Mozart)|No. 8 in C major, K. 246 (''Lützow'')]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 9 (Mozart)|No. 9 in E{{music|flat}} major, K. 271 (''Jeunehomme'' / ''Jenamy'')]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 11 (Mozart)|No. 11 in F major, K. 413]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 12 (Mozart)|No. 12 in A major, K. 414]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 13 (Mozart)|No. 13 in C major, K. 415]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 14 (Mozart)|No. 14 in E{{music|flat}} major, K. 449]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 15 (Mozart)|No. 15 in B{{music|flat}} major, K. 450]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 16 (Mozart)|No. 16 in D major, K. 451]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 17 (Mozart)|No. 17 in G major, K. 453]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 18 (Mozart)|No. 18 in B{{music|flat}} major, K. 456]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 19 (Mozart)|No. 19 in F major, K. 459]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 20 (Mozart)|No. 20 in D minor, K. 466]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 21 (Mozart)|No. 21 in C major, K. 467]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 22 (Mozart)|No. 22 in E{{music|flat}} major, K. 482]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 23 (Mozart)|No. 23 in A major, K. 488]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 24 (Mozart)|No. 24 in C minor, K. 491]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 25 (Mozart)|No. 25 in C major, K. 503]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 26 (Mozart)|No. 26 in D major, K. 537 (''Coronation'')]]
** [[Piano Concerto No. 27 (Mozart)|No. 27 in B{{music|flat}} major, K. 595]]

Romantic era:
* Beethoven's five piano concertos increase the technical demands made on the soloist. The last two are particularly remarkable, integrating the concerto into a large symphonic structure with movements that frequently run into one another. His [[Piano Concerto No. 4 (Beethoven)|Piano Concerto No. 4]] starts with a statement by the piano, after which the orchestra enters in a foreign key, to present what would normally be the opening [[tutti]]. The work has a lyrical character. The slow movement is a dramatic dialogue between the soloist and the orchestra. His [[Piano Concerto No. 5 (Beethoven)|Piano Concerto No. 5]] has the basic rhythm of a Viennese military [[March (music)|march]]. There is no lyrical second subject, but in its place a continuous development of the opening material.{{sfn|Hopkins|2019}}
* The piano concertos of [[Johann Baptist Cramer|Cramer]], [[John Field (composer)|Field]], [[Jan Ladislav Dussek|Düssek]], [[Joseph Wölfl|Woelfl]], [[Ferdinand Ries|Ries]], and [[Johann Nepomuk Hummel|Hummel]] provide a link from the Classical concerto to the Romantic concerto.
* [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]] wrote two piano concertos in which the orchestra is relegated to an accompanying role. Schumann, despite being a pianist-composer, wrote a piano concerto in which virtuosity is never allowed to eclipse the essential lyrical quality of the work. The gentle, expressive melody heard at the beginning on woodwind and horns (after the piano's heralding introductory chords) bears the material for most of the argument in the first movement. In fact, argument in the traditional developmental sense is replaced by a kind of variation technique in which soloist and orchestra interweave their ideas.{{sfn|Hopkins|2019|pp=83–85}}
* [[Franz Liszt|Liszt]]'s mastery of piano technique matched that of [[Paganini]] for the violin. His concertos [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Liszt)|No. 1]] and [[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Liszt)|No. 2]] left a deep impression on the style of piano concerto writing, influencing [[Rubinstein]], and especially [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]], whose [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Tchaikovsky)|First Piano Concerto's]] rich chordal opening is justly famous.<ref name="Lumen Learning">[https://courses.lumenlearning.com/musicapp_historical/chapter/73/ History of the Concerto]</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=April 2021}}
* [[Edvard Grieg|Grieg's]] concerto likewise begins in a striking manner after which it continues in a lyrical vein.{{sfn|Kijas|2013}}
* [[Camille Saint-Saëns|Saint-Saëns]] wrote five piano concertos and orchestra between 1858 and 1896, in a classical vein.
* [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms]]'s [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Brahms)|First Piano Concerto]] in D minor (pub 1861) was the result of an immense amount of work on a mass of material originally intended for a symphony. His [[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Brahms)|Second Piano Concerto]] in B{{Music|b}} major (1881) has four movements and is written on a larger scale than any earlier concerto. Like his violin concerto, it is symphonic in proportions.
* Fewer piano concertos were written in the late Romantic Period.{{sfn|Lihua|2018}} But [[Sergei Rachmaninoff]] wrote four piano concertos between 1891 and 1926. His [[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Rachmaninoff)|Second]] and [[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Rachmaninoff)|Third]], being the most popular of the four, went on to become among the most famous in the piano repertoire.{{sfn|Bertensson|2001}}
* Other romantic piano concertos, like those by [[Friedrich Kalkbrenner|Kalkbrenner]], [[Henri Herz]], [[Ignaz Moscheles|Moscheles]] and [[Sigismond Thalberg|Thalberg]] were also very popular in the Romantic era, but not today.{{sfn|Lihua|2018}}

20th century:
* [[Maurice Ravel]] wrote two pianos concertos, one in G-major (1931) and the second for the left hand in D-major (date of creation1932).
* [[Igor Stravinsky]] wrote three works for solo piano and orchestra:
** [[Concerto for Piano and Wind Instruments]]
** [[Capriccio for Piano and Orchestra]]
** Movements for Piano and Orchestra
* [[Sergei Prokofiev]], another Russian composer, wrote five piano concertos, which he himself performed.{{sfn|Robinson|2002}}
* [[Dmitri Shostakovich]] composed two piano concertos. 
* [[Aram Khachaturian]] contributed to the repertoire with a [[Piano Concerto (Khachaturian)|piano concerto]] and a Concerto-Rhapsody.
* [[Arnold Schoenberg]]'s [[Piano Concerto (Schoenberg)|Piano Concerto]] is a well-known example of a [[dodecaphonic]] piano concerto.
* [[Béla Bartók]] also wrote three piano concertos. Like their violin counterparts, they show the various stages in his musical development. Bartok's also rearranged his chamber piece, [[Sonata for Two Pianos and Percussion]], into a ''Concerto for Two Pianos and Percussion'', adding orchestral accompaniment.
* [[Cristóbal Halffter]] wrote a prize-winning neoclassical Piano Concerto in 1953, and a second Piano Concerto in 1987–88.
* [[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] wrote a concerto for piano, though it was later reworked as a concerto for two pianos and orchestra—both versions have been recorded
* [[Benjamin Britten]]'s concerto for piano (1938) is a prominent work from his early period.
* Piano concertos by Latin-American composers include one by [[Piano Concerto (Chávez)|Carlos Chávez]], two by [[Alberto Ginastera]], and five by [[Heitor Villa-Lobos]].
* [[György Ligeti]]'s concerto (1988) has a synthetic quality: it mixes complex rhythms, the composer's Hungarian roots and his experiments with micropolyphony from the 1960s and 1970s.<ref name="AllMusic-PC">{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/composition/piano-concerto-mc0002398389 |title=Piano Concerto - Details - AllMusic |website=AllMusic }}</ref>
* [[Witold Lutosławski]]'s piano concerto, completed in the same year, alternates between playfulness and mystery. It also displays a partial return to melody after the composer's aleatoric period.<ref name="AllMusic-PC" />
* Russian composer [[Rodion Shchedrin]] has written six piano concertos.
* Finnish composer [[Einojuhani Rautavaara]] wrote three piano concertos, the third one dedicated to [[Vladimir Ashkenazy]], who played and conducted the world première.
* French composer [[Germaine Tailleferre]] and Czech composers [[Bohuslav Martinů]] and [[Vítězslava Kaprálová]] wrote piano concertos.