Editing Bodhidharma (section)

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note|2}}
{{noteslist|2|refs=
<!-- O -->
<!-- "Origins" -->
{{efn|name="Origins"|<!---PLEASE NOTE: The following statements are direct quotes from a reliable source. Please don't change them. See [[Bodhidharma/Birthplace sources]] for an extensive overview of the discussion on Bodhidharma's birthplace, including a wide variety of sources--->The origins which are mentioned in these sources are:
* "[A] monk of the Western Region named Bodhidharma, a [[Buddhism in Central Asia#Iranian Buddhism|Persian Central Asian]]"{{sfn|Broughton|1999|p=54–55}} c.q. "from Persia"{{sfn|McRae|2003|p=26}} (''Buddhist monasteries, 547'');
* "[A] South Indian of the Western Region. He was the third son of a great Indian king."{{sfn|Broughton|1999|p=8}} (''Tanlin, 6th century CE'');
* "[W]ho came from South India in the Western Regions, the third son of a great Brahman king"{{sfn|Dumoulin|Heisig|Knitter|2005|p=89}} c.q. "the third son of a Brahman of South India"{{Sfn|McRae|2003|p=26}} (''Lankavatara Masters, 713–716''{{sfn|Dumoulin|Heisig|Knitter|2005|p=88}}''/ca. 715''{{sfn|McRae|2003|p=26}});
* "[O]f South Indian Brahman stock"{{sfn|Dumoulin|Heisig|Knitter|2005|p=87}} c.q. "a [[Brahman]] monk from South India"{{sfn|McRae|2003|p=26}} (''Further Biographies, 645'').
Broughton further notes: "The guide's Bodhidharma is an Iranian, not an Indian. There is, however, nothing implausible about an early sixth-century Iranian Buddhist master who made his way to North China via the fabled Silk Road. This scenario is, in fact, more likely than a South Indian master who made his way by the sea route."{{sfn|Broughton|1999|p=54-55}}}}
<!-- P -->
<!-- "Principal_sources" -->
{{efn|name="Principal_sources"|There are three principal sources for Bodhidharma's biography {{harv|Dumoulin|Heisig|Knitter|2005|p=85-90}}:
* Yang Xuanzhi's ''The Record of the Buddhist Monasteries of Luoyang'' (547);
* Tanlin's preface to the ''Two Entrances and Four Acts'' (6th century CE), which is also preserved in Ching-chüeh's ''Chronicle of the Lankavatar Masters'' (713–716) {{harvnb|Dumoulin|Heisig|Knitter|2005|p=88}};
* Daoxuan's ''Further Biographies of Eminent Monks'' (7th century CE).}}
<!-- S -->
<!-- "Shaolin_kungfu" -->
{{efn|name="Shaolin_kungfu"|{{harvtxt|Henning|Green|2001|p=129}}: "One of the most recently invented and familiar of the Shaolin historical narratives is a story that claims that the Indian monk Bodhidharma, the supposed founder of Chinese Chan (Zen) Buddhism, introduced boxing into the monastery as a form of exercise around a.d. 525. This story first appeared in a popular novel, ''The Travels of Lao T'san'', published as a series in a literary magazine in 1907. This story was quickly picked up by others and spread rapidly through publication in a popular contemporary boxing manual, Secrets of Shaolin Boxing Methods, and the first Chinese physical culture history published in 1919. As a result, it has enjoyed vast oral circulation and is one of the most "sacred" of the narratives shared within Chinese and Chinese-derived martial arts. That this story is clearly a twentieth-century invention is confirmed by writings going back at least 250 years earlier, which mention both Bodhidharma and martial arts but make no connection between the two.}}
<!-- T -->
<!-- "tradition" -->
{{efn|name="tradition"|{{harvtxt|Yampolski|2003|p=3}}: "Tradition has it that Ch'an was brought to China by a monk, Bodhidharma [...] who is honored as the first Ch'an Patriarch in China."}}
<!-- Y -->
<!-- "Yi Jin Jing" -->
{{efn|name="Yi Jin Jing"|This argument is summarized by modern historian Lin Boyuan in his ''Zhongguo wushu shi''. {{harvtxt|Lin|1996|p=183}}: "As for the "Yi Jin Jing" (Muscle Change Classic), a spurious text attributed to Bodhidharma and included in the legend of his transmitting martial arts at the temple, it was written in the Ming dynasty, in 1624, by the Daoist priest Zining of Mt. Tiantai, and falsely attributed to Bodhidharma. Forged prefaces, attributed to the Tang general Li Jing and the Southern Song general Niu Gao were written. They say that, after Bodhidharma faced the wall for nine years at Shaolin temple, he left behind an iron chest; when the monks opened this chest they found the two books "Xi Sui Jing" (Marrow Washing Classic) and "Yi Jin Jing" within. The first book was taken by his disciple Huike, and disappeared; as for the second, "the monks selfishly coveted it, practicing the skills therein, falling into heterodox ways, and losing the correct purpose of cultivating the Real. The Shaolin monks have made some fame for themselves through their fighting skill; this is all due to having obtained this manuscript." Based on this, Bodhidharma was claimed to be the ancestor of Shaolin martial arts. This manuscript is full of errors, absurdities and fantastic claims; it cannot be taken as a legitimate source."}}
}}