Editing Pune (section)

==Education==
{{Main|List of educational institutions in Pune}}
[[File:University of Pune, Pune.jpg|thumb|Main building of Pune University]]
Pune has over a hundred educational institutes and more than nine deemed universities apart from the [[Savitribai Phule Pune University]] (SPPU; formerly University of Pune), which is the largest university in the country based on total number of affiliated colleges.<ref name="Pune100Educational9Universities">{{cite web|last=Kaul|first=Sanat|date=May 2006|title=Higher Education in India: Seizing the Opportunity (working paper)|url=http://www.icrier.org/pdf/WP_179.pdf|publisher=Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India|access-date=4 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411103929/http://www.icrier.org/pdf/WP_179.pdf|archive-date=11 April 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> Higher education institutes attract international students mainly from the Middle Eastern countries such as Iran, and United Arab Emirates, and also African countries such as Ethiopia and Kenya.<ref>Dongaonkar, D., Negi, U.R., House, A.I.U. and Marg, C.I.G.K., 2009. International Students in Indian Universities. Europe, 178(206), pp.238–309.</ref> Pune is the largest centre for Japanese learning in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=191801|title=Express India|publisher=Cities.expressindia.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060715071806/http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=191801|archive-date=15 July 2006|url-status=dead|access-date=26 March 2011}}</ref> Other languages taught in the city include German, which is taught at the [[Goethe-Institut]], and French, which is taught at [[Alliance Française]]. Several colleges in Pune have [[student exchange program]]mes with colleges in Europe.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unipune.ac.in/dept/International%20Centre/International%20Centre%20webfile/exchange_and_casual.htm|title=Exchange And Casual Students: Department of International Centre : University of Pune|website=Unipune.ac.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429222303/http://www.unipune.ac.in/dept/International%20Centre/International%20Centre%20webfile/exchange_and_casual.htm|archive-date=29 April 2018|url-status=live|access-date=29 April 2018}}</ref>

===Primary and secondary education===
{{Main|List of schools in Pune}}
The PMC runs 297 primary schools and 30 secondary and higher secondary schools.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/education/as-per-state-government-order-pune-municipal-corporation-dissolves-education-board-4704515/|title=As per state government order, Pune Municipal Corporation dissolves education board|date=15 June 2017|work=The Indian Express|access-date=4 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171219121957/http://indianexpress.com/article/education/as-per-state-government-order-pune-municipal-corporation-dissolves-education-board-4704515/|archive-date=19 December 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{cite web|url=https://pmc.gov.in/en/secondary-and-technical-education|title=Secondary and technical education|date=31 January 2018|website=Official website of the PMC|access-date=27 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528053011/https://pmc.gov.in/en/secondary-and-technical-education|archive-date=28 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> While it is mandatory for the PMC to provide primary education under state law, secondary education is an optional duty.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Govt-dissolves-education-board-schools-now-under-Pune-Municipal-Corporations-wing/articleshow/20920981.cms|title=Govt dissolves education board; schools now under Pune Municipal Corporation's wing |work=The Times of India|access-date=4 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202110818/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Govt-dissolves-education-board-schools-now-under-Pune-Municipal-Corporations-wing/articleshow/20920981.cms|archive-date=2 February 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.timesnownews.com/education/article/maharashtra-assembly-passes-bill-allowing-private-companies-to-open-schools-in-state-sets-guidelines/180757|title=Maharashtra Assembly passes bill allowing private companies to open schools in state, sets guidelines|access-date=4 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202154012/https://www.timesnownews.com/education/article/maharashtra-assembly-passes-bill-allowing-private-companies-to-open-schools-in-state-sets-guidelines/180757|archive-date=2 February 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> In the rural and suburban areas of the PMR, public primary schools are run by the Pune [[District Councils of India|Zilla Parishad]]. Private schools are run by education trusts and are required to undergo mandatory inspection by the concerned authorities. Private schools are eligible for financial aid from the state government.<ref name="ccsindia.org">Joshi, R., Regulatory Requirements for Starting a School in Poona. Centre for Civil Society, CCS RESEARCH INTERNSHIP PAPERS 2004 [http://ccsindia.org/internship_papers/2004/34.%20School%20licensing%20Pune_Radhika.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171003030245/http://ccsindia.org/internship_papers/2004/34.%20School%20licensing%20Pune_Radhika.pdf|date=3 October 2017}}</ref> Public schools are affiliated to the [[Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education]] (State Board). The language of instruction in public schools is primarily Marathi, although the PMC also runs [[Urdu]], English and [[Kannada]] [[Medium of instruction|medium]] schools.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/pmc-schools-to-run-junior-colleges-from-2018-19/articleshow/63945908.cms|title=PMC schools to run junior colleges from 2018–19|work=The Times of India|access-date=5 June 2018|archive-date=9 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190909151702/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/pmc-schools-to-run-junior-colleges-from-2018-19/articleshow/63945908.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/free-sanitary-napkins-for-girls-in-civic-schools/articleshow/64325150.cms|title=Free sanitary napkins for girls in civic schools |work=The Times of India|access-date=5 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202111002/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/free-sanitary-napkins-for-girls-in-civic-schools/articleshow/64325150.cms|archive-date=2 February 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Along with these languages, private schools also offer instruction in Hindi and [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.punezp.org/educmadhyamic.html|title=Zilla Parishad Pune|website=Punezp.org|access-date=27 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529175416/http://www.punezp.org/educmadhyamic.html|archive-date=29 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Private schools vary in their choice of curriculum and may follow the State Board or one of the two central boards of education, the [[Central Board of Secondary Education|CBSE]] or [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations|CISCE]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://punemirror.indiatimes.com/pune/others/cbse-class-xii-results-pune-schools-stand-tall-arts-students-shine-again/articleshow/64337808.cms|title=CBSE Class XII Results: Pune schools stand tall; Arts students shine again – Pune Mirror -|work=Pune Mirror|access-date=27 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180527072125/https://punemirror.indiatimes.com/pune/others/cbse-class-xii-results-pune-schools-stand-tall-arts-students-shine-again/articleshow/64337808.cms|archive-date=27 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/done-high-90-scores-full-marks-in-subjects-bring-cheer-to-icse-schools/articleshow/64165885.cms|title=High 90% scores & full marks in subjects bring cheer to ICSE schools|work=The Times of India|access-date=27 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620043432/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/done-high-90-scores-full-marks-in-subjects-bring-cheer-to-icse-schools/articleshow/64165885.cms|archive-date=20 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Jnana Prabodhini Prashala]], located in Sadashiv Peth, is the first school for [[Gifted education|intellectually gifted and talented]] students in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://giftedphoenix.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/nagty-summary-of-gifted-and-talented-education-in-india.pdf|title=Summary of Gifted and Talented Education in India|website=Giftedphoenix.files.wordpress.com|access-date=2 March 2022|archive-date=8 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308092759/https://giftedphoenix.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/nagty-summary-of-gifted-and-talented-education-in-india.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, it counts with one of the 18 United World Colleges across the globe, having UWC Mahindra College in the Mulshi Valley.

===Tertiary education===
<!--Please don't add to the list of colleges mentioned in this section. We cannot mention every college in Pune here. To see the complete list, visit wiki-article List of educational institutions in Pune-->{{Main|List of educational institutions in Pune}} Most colleges in Pune are affiliated to the SPPU (Savitribai Phule Pune University). Nine other universities have also been established in the city.<ref name="DeemedUniversitiesInPune">{{cite web|url=http://www.ugc.ac.in/deemeduniversity.aspx|title=List of Deemed Universities|publisher=University Grants Commission|access-date=1 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226112709/http://www.ugc.ac.in/deemeduniversity.aspx|archive-date=26 December 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> Pune also hosts the Military Intelligence Training School which offers diploma courses in [[counter intelligence]], combat intelligence, aerial imagery and interpretation, among others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bcud.unipune.ac.in/utilities/college_search/IMMP019010_ENG/Pune_University_College|title=Military Intelligence Training School and Depot|publisher=Bcud.unipune.ac.in|access-date=30 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402062246/http://bcud.unipune.ac.in/utilities/college_search/IMMP019010_ENG/Pune_University_College|archive-date=2 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Sudan Block.jpg|thumb|250px|[[National Defence Academy (India)]]]]
The [[College of Engineering Pune]], an autonomous institute of the government of Maharashtra founded in 1854, is the third oldest engineering college in Asia. The [[Deccan Education Society]] was founded by local citizens in 1884, including social and political activist [[Bal Gangadhar Tilak]], who was also responsible for founding [[Fergusson College]] in 1885.<ref name="DESFounding">{{cite web|url=http://www.despune.org/history.htm|title=History|publisher=[[Deccan Education Society]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607095109/http://despune.org/history.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive -->|archive-date=7 June 2008|access-date=22 July 2008}}</ref> The Indian Law Society's  [[ILS Law College|Law College]] is one of the top ten law schools in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/bestcolleges/2014/ranks.jsp?ST=Law&LMT=6&Y=2014|title=ILS Law College Best Law Colleges 2014 India Today Survey|publisher=Indiatoday.intoday.in|access-date=30 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530123444/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/bestcolleges/2014/ranks.jsp?ST=Law&LMT=6&Y=2014|archive-date=30 May 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Armed Forces Medical College (India)|Armed Forces Medical College]] and [[B. J. Medical College, Pune|B. J. Medical College]] are among the top medical colleges in India. The [[Armed Forces Medical College (India)|Armed Forces Medical College]] consistently ranks among the top five medical colleges in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mod.nic.in/Samachar/jan01-04/html/ch3.htm|title=Chap|publisher=Sainik Samachar|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416221203/http://mod.nic.in/samachar/jan01-04/html/ch3.htm|archive-date=16 April 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Film and Television Institute of India]], one of only three Indian institutions in the global [[CILECT]] film school network, is located on Law College Road. The Lalit Kala Kendra is an undergraduate department of Music, Dance and Drama on the SPPU campus that has been operational since 1987. This department features a combination of ''[[Gurukula|gurukul]]'' and formal education systems.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune-times/Performing-arts-degree-slowly-taking-centre-stage/articleshow/26707.cms|title=Performing arts degree slowly taking centre stage|author=Devayani Shahane|date=17 June 2003|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=12 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105032518/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune-times/Performing-arts-degree-slowly-taking-centre-stage/articleshow/26707.cms|archive-date=5 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> The College of Military Engineering, the Army Institute of Physical Training, and the Institute of Armament Technology are also in Pune. [[Christ University]] Pune Lavasa campus, is part of Christ University, [[Bangalore]] located in [[Lavasa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://lavasa.christuniversity.in/ |title=Christ University Lavasa |website=[[Christ University]] |access-date=27 March 2023 |archive-date=26 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326130235/https://lavasa.christuniversity.in/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Symbiosis International University]] operates 33 colleges and institutions in the city, including the Symbiosis Institute of Business Management, the Symbiosis Institute of Management Studies, the Symbiosis Centre for Management and Human Resource Development, the Symbiosis Law School and the Symbiosis Institute of International Business. They are ranked among the top management and law institutes in the country.<ref name="bschools">{{cite news|url=http://businesstoday.intoday.in/bt/story/indias-best-bschools/1/468.html|title=India's best B-schools|date=10 September 2007|newspaper=Business Today|access-date=1 February 2011|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130218155153/http://businesstoday.intoday.in/bt/story/indias-best-bschools/1/468.html|archive-date=18 February 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="lawschools">{{cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/bestcolleges/2014/ranks.jsp?ST=Law&LMT=3&Y=2014|title=India's best law schools|access-date=21 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016222919/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/bestcolleges/2014/ranks.jsp?ST=Law&LMT=3&Y=2014|archive-date=16 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Symbiosis Institute of Computer Studies and Research]] is one of the few colleges in India that promotes [[Open-source model|open source]] technology.<ref name="sit">{{cite web|url=http://sitpune.edu.in/|title=Symbiosis Institute of technology|access-date=8 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511225317/http://www.sitpune.edu.in/|archive-date=11 May 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[UWC Mahindra College]], one of eighteen [[United World Colleges]] worldwide and the third is Asia, offering the  [[International Baccalaureate|International Baccalaureate (IB)]] [[IB Diploma Programme|Diploma Program (DP)]], is located near Pune.<ref>{{cite web |title=<nowiki>UWC Movement | UWC Mahindra College | Discover your Purpose</nowiki> |url=https://uwcmahindracollege.org/about-us/uwc-movement |website=UWC Mahindra College |date=3 March 2020 |access-date=13 July 2022 |archive-date=28 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228121001/https://uwcmahindracollege.org/about-us/uwc-movement |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mahindra United World College – International Baccalaureate® |url=https://www.ibo.org/en/school/000969/ |website=The International Baccalaureate® (IB) public website |publisher=International Baccalaureate Organization |access-date=13 July 2022 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405051009/https://www.ibo.org/en/school/000969/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Research institutes===
Pune is home to a number of governmental and non-governmental research institutes focusing on a wide range of subject areas from the humanities to the sciences. The [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] also runs a number of defence related education, training and research establishments in and around the city. Major research centers include:
{{divcol}}
* [[Agharkar Research Institute]] (ARI)
* [[Armament Research and Development Establishment|Armament Research Development Establishment]] (ARDE)
* [[Armed Forces Medical College (India)]] (AFMC)
* [[Army Institute of Technology]] (AIT)
* [[Automotive Research Association of India]] (ARAI)
* [[Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute]] (BORI)
* [[Central Institute of Road Transport]] (CIRT)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cirtindia.com/ |title=Welcome to Central Institute of Road Transport |access-date=30 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703010820/http://www.cirtindia.com/ |archive-date=3 July 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Central Water and Power Research Station]] (CW&PRS)
* [[Centre for Development of Advanced Computing]] (C-DAC)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdac.in/|title=C-DAC: Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, DeitY, India|access-date=2 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130929044700/http://www.cdac.in/|archive-date=29 September 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO)
* [[Defence Institute of Advanced Technology]] (DIAT)
* [[Film and Television Institute of India]] (FTII)
* [[Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics]]
* [[High Energy Materials Research Laboratory]] (HEMRL)
* [[Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune]] (IISER, Pune)
* [[Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology]] (IITM)
* [[Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics|Inter-university Centre for Astronomy & Astrophysics]] (IUCAA)
* [[National AIDS Research Institute]] (NARI)
* [[National Centre for Cell Science]] (NCCS)
* [[National Centre for Radio Astrophysics]] (NCRA)
* [[National Chemical Laboratory]] (NCL)
* [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]] (NDA)
* [[National Informatics Centre]] (NIC)
* [[National Institute of Bank Management]] (NIBM)
* [[National Institute of Construction Management and Research]] (NICMAR)
* [[National Institute of Virology]] (NIV)
* [[National School of Leadership]] (NSL)
* [[National Insurance Academy]] (NIA)
* [[Research & Development Establishment (Engineers)]] (R&DE(E))
* [[Tata Research Development and Design Centre]] (TRDDC)
{{divcolend}}