Editing Oracle Corporation (section)

==Events==

===Acquisition of Sun Microsystems===
{{Main|Acquisition of Sun Microsystems by Oracle Corporation}}
In January 2010, Oracle completed its acquisition of [[Sun Microsystems]]—valued at more than $7&nbsp;billion—a move that transformed Oracle from solely a software company to a manufacturer of both software and hardware. The acquisition was delayed for several months by the [[European Commission]] because of concerns about [[MySQL]], but was unconditionally approved in the end.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Mergers: Commission clears Oracle's proposed acquisition of Sun Microsystems |date=January 21, 2010 |publisher=European Commission |url=http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/10/40 |access-date=April 17, 2015}}</ref> In September 2011, U.S. State Department Embassy [[United States diplomatic cables leak|cables were leaked to WikiLeaks]]. One cable revealed that the U.S. pressured the [[E.U.]] to allow Oracle to acquire Sun.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mick |first=Jason |date=September 1, 2011 |title=U.S. Pressured EU to Approve the Oracle's Acquisition of Sun |url=http://www.dailytech.com/US%20Pressured%20EU%20to%20Approve%20the%20Oracles%20Acquisition%20of%20Sun/article22581.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118215252/http://www.dailytech.com/US%20Pressured%20EU%20to%20Approve%20the%20Oracles%20Acquisition%20of%20Sun/article22581.htm |archive-date=January 18, 2012 |access-date=September 2, 2011 |website=Daily Tech |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

The Sun acquisition was closely watched by [[free software]] users and some companies, due to the fear that Oracle might end Sun's traditional support of [[Free software|free]] projects.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vance |first=Ashlee |author-link=Ashlee Vance |date=September 21, 2010 |title=Oracle Growth Plans Worry Rivals and Customers |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/22/technology/22oracle.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Widenius |first=Monty |author-link=Monty Widenius |title=Save MySQL! |url=http://www.helpmysql.org |access-date=January 31, 2010 |quote=[Signer hereby asks] competition authorities around the world to block Oracle's acquisition of Sun unless one of the structural solutions selected by [signer] below is put in place as a legally binding requirement: (select at least one; all combinations are possible) MySQL must be divested to a suitable third party that can continue to develop it under the GPL. Oracle must commit to a linking exception for applications that use MySQL with the client libraries (for all programming languages), for plugins and libmysqld. MySQL itself remains licensed under the GPL. Oracle must release all past and future versions of MySQL (until December 2012) under the Apache Software License 2.0 or similar permissive license so that developers of applications and derived versions (forks) have flexibility concerning the code.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Paul |first=Ryan |date=April 20, 2009 |title=Oracle buys Sun: understanding the impact on open source |url=https://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2009/04/oracle-acquires-sun-ars-explores-the-impact-on-open-source.ars |access-date=March 6, 2011 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Fiveash |first=Kelly |date=March 9, 2010 |title=Open source boss quits Oracle |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/03/09/simon_phipps_quits_sun_oracle/ |website=The Register}}</ref> Since the acquisition, Oracle has discontinued [[OpenSolaris]] and [[StarOffice]], and sued [[Google]] over the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] patents Oracle acquired from Sun.<ref name="arsjava2">{{cite web |last=Paul |first=Ryan |date=August 14, 2010 |title=Oracle's Java lawsuit undermines its open source credibility |url=https://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2010/08/oracles-java-lawsuit-undermines-its-open-source-credibility.ars |access-date=March 6, 2011 |website=[[Ars Technica]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Weintraub |first=Seth |date=August 12, 2010 |title=Oracle files suit over Android's use of Java |publisher=CNN |url=http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2010/08/12/oracle-files-suit-over-androids-use-of-java/ |access-date=January 31, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101119081751/http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2010/08/12/oracle-files-suit-over-androids-use-of-java/ |archive-date=November 19, 2010}}</ref>

===Fraud Accusations by the US Department of Justice===
On July 29, 2010, the [[United States Department of Justice]] (DoJ) filed suit against Oracle Corporation alleging fraud. The lawsuit argues that the government received deals inferior to those Oracle gave to its commercial clients. The DoJ added its heft to an already existing whistleblower lawsuit filed by Paul Frascella, who was once senior director of contract services at Oracle.<ref>{{cite web |last=Skillings |first=Jon |date=July 30, 2010 |title=Justice Department sues Oracle, alleging fraud |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/justice-department-sues-oracle-alleging-fraud/ |access-date=2021-11-02 |website=CNET |language=en}}</ref> It was settled in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |last=Gross |first=Grant |date=2011-10-06 |title=Oracle to pay $199.5 million in gov't contracting settlement |url=https://www.networkworld.com/article/2181875/oracle-to-pay--199-5-million-in-gov-t-contracting-settlement.html |access-date=2021-11-02 |website=Network World |language=en}}</ref>

===Lawsuit against Google===
{{main|Oracle v. Google}}

==== Background ====
Oracle, the plaintiff, acquired ownership of the Java computer programming language when it acquired [[Sun Microsystems]] in January 2010.<ref name="ReutersJune2011" /> The Java software includes sets of pre-developed software code to allow programs and apps to accomplish common tasks in a consistent manner. The pre-developed code is organized into separate "[[Package manager|packages]]" which each contain a set of "[[Class (computer programming)|classes]]". Each class contains numerous [[Method (computer programming)|methods]], which instruct a program or app to do a certain task. Software developers "became accustomed to using Java's designations at the package, class, and method level".<ref name="Quimbee">{{cite web |title=Oracle America, Inc. v. Google, Inc. |url=https://www.quimbee.com/cases/oracle-america-inc-v-google-inc |access-date=2018-01-29 |website=Quimbee |language=en}}</ref>

Oracle and [[Google]] (the defendant) tried to negotiate an agreement for Oracle to license Java to Google, which would have allowed Google to use Java in developing programs for mobile devices using the [[Android (operating system)|Android]] [[operating system]]. However, the two companies never reached an agreement. After negotiations failed, Google created its own programming platform, which was based on Java, and contained 37 copied Java packages as well as new packages developed by Google.<ref name="Quimbee" />

==== First trial ====
In 2010, Oracle sued Google for [[copyright infringement]] for the use of the 37 Java packages.<ref name="Quimbee" /><ref name="ReutersJune2011">{{Cite news |date=2011-06-18 |title=Oracle seeks up to $6.1 billion in Google lawsuit |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-oracle-google-lawsuit/oracle-seeks-up-to-6-1-billion-in-google-lawsuit-idUSTRE75H0FP20110618 |access-date=2018-01-29|last=Levine|first=Dan|editor-first=Todd|editor-last=Eastham}}</ref> The case was handled in [[United States District Court for the Northern District of California|U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California]] and assigned to Judge [[William Alsup]] (who taught himself how to code computers<ref name="verge" />).<ref name="ReutersJune2011" /> In the lawsuit, Oracle sought between $1.4 billion and $6.1 billion.<ref name="ReutersJune2011" /> In June 2011 the judge had to force Google through a judicial order to make public the details about Oracle's claim for damages.<ref name="ReutersJune2011" />

By the end of the first jury trial (the legal dispute would eventually go on to another trial) the arguments made by Oracle's attorneys focused on a Java function called "rangeCheck":<blockquote>The argument centered on a function called rangeCheck. Of all the lines of code that Oracle had tested—15 million in total—these were the only ones that were 'literally' copied. Every keystroke, a perfect duplicate. – ''The Verge'', 10/19/17<ref name="verge">{{Cite news |last=Jeong |first=Sarah |date=2017-10-19 |title=How the judge on Oracle v. Google taught himself to code |work=The Verge |url=https://www.theverge.com/2017/10/19/16503076/oracle-vs-google-judge-william-alsup-interview-waymo-uber |access-date=2018-01-29}}</ref></blockquote>Although Google admitted to copying the packages, Judge Alsup found that none of the Java packages were covered under copyright protection, and therefore Google did not infringe.<ref name="Quimbee" />

==== First appeal ====
After the case was over, Oracle appealed to the [[United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit]] (750 F.3d 1339 (2014)).<ref name="Quimbee" /><ref name="eff-org">{{Cite news |date=2013-05-22 |title=Oracle v. Google |language=en |work=Electronic Frontier Foundation |url=https://www.eff.org/cases/oracle-v-google |access-date=2018-01-29}}</ref> On May 9, 2014, the appeals court partially reversed Judge Alsup's decision, finding that Java APIs are copyrightable. API stands for "application programming interface" and are how different computer programs or apps communicate with each other. However, the appeals court also left open the possibility that Google might have a "[[fair use]]" defense.<ref name="eff-org" />

==== Supreme Court petition ====
On October 6, 2014, Google filed a petition to appeal to the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]], but the Supreme Court denied the petition.<ref name="eff-org" />

==== Second trial ====
The case was then returned to the U.S. District Court for another trial about Google's fair use defense.<ref name="eff-org" /> Oracle sought $9 billion in damages.<ref name="ZDNet">{{Cite news |last=Tung |first=Liam |date=2017-02-13 |title=Just as you thought Java-Android row was over, it all kicks off again |language=en |work=ZDNet |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/oracle-vs-google-just-as-you-thought-java-android-row-was-over-it-all-kicks-off-again/ |access-date=2018-01-29}}</ref> In May 2016, the trial jury found that Google's use of Java's APIs was considered fair use.<ref name="eff-org" />

==== Second appeal ====
In February 2017, Oracle filed another appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.<ref name="eff-org" /> This time it was asking for a new trial because the District Court "repeatedly undermined Oracle's case", which Oracle argued led the jury to make the wrong decision. According to ZDNet, "For example, it [Oracle] says the court wrongly bought Google's claim that Android was limited to smartphones while Java was for PCs, whereas Oracle contends that Java and Android both compete as platforms for smart TVs, cars, and wearables."<ref name="ZDNet" />

===Discontinuation of OpenSolaris===
On August 13, 2010, an internal Oracle memo leaked to the Internet cited plans for ending the [[OpenSolaris]] operating system project and community.<ref>{{cite web |last=Stallion |first=Steven |date=August 13, 2010 |title=OpenSolaris is Dead. |url=http://sstallion.blogspot.com/2010/08/opensolaris-is-dead.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109033546/http://sstallion.blogspot.com/2010/08/opensolaris-is-dead.html |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |access-date=September 7, 2011 |publisher=Iconoclastic Tendencies}}</ref> With Oracle planning to develop [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] only in a closed source fashion, OpenSolaris developers moved to the [[Illumos]] and [[OpenIndiana]] project, among others.<ref name="Phoronix">{{cite web |last=Larabel |first=Michael |author-link=Michael Larabel |date=September 10, 2010 |title=OpenIndiana – Another OpenSolaris Fork – Coming Next Week |url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=ODU4OA |access-date=September 13, 2010 |publisher=Phoronix}}</ref>

===Discontinuation of OpenSSO===
As Oracle completed their acquisition of Sun Microsystems in February 2010, they announced that OpenSSO would no longer be their strategic product.<ref name="HttpwwwonlinecomopennewsitemOraclekillsOpenSSOExpressForgeRockstepsinhtml">{{cite web |date=February 24, 2010 |title=Oracle kills OpenSSO Express – ForgeRock steps in |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Oracle-kills-OpenSSO-Express-ForgeRock-steps-in-939634.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208131331/http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Oracle-kills-OpenSSO-Express-ForgeRock-steps-in-939634.html |archive-date=December 8, 2013 |access-date=July 7, 2011 |publisher=The H Open Source – H-online.com}}</ref> Shortly after, OpenSSO was forked to [[OpenAM]],<ref name="HttpwwwonlinecomopennewsitemOraclekillsOpenSSOExpressForgeRockstepsinhtml" /> and will continue to be developed and supported by [[ForgeRock]].

===Mark Hurd as president===
On September 6, 2010, Oracle announced that former [[Hewlett-Packard]] CEO [[Mark Hurd]] was to replace [[Charles Phillips (businessman)|Charles Phillips]], who resigned as Oracle co-president. In an official statement made by Larry Ellison, Phillips had previously expressed his desire to transition out of the company. Ellison had asked Phillips to stay on through the integration of [[Sun Microsystems|Sun Microsystems Inc.]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Charles Phillips Resigns as President of Oracle |url=http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/press/170531 |access-date=2017-09-14 |website=www.oracle.com}}</ref> In a separate statement regarding the transition, Ellison said "Mark did a brilliant job at HP and I expect he'll do even better at Oracle. There is no executive in the IT world with more relevant experience than Mark."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Robertson |first=Jordan |title=Oracle names ex-HP CEO Mark Hurd co-president |language=en-US |work=sandiegouniontribune.com |agency=AP Technology |url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-oracle-names-ex-hp-ceo-mark-hurd-co-president-2010sep06-story.html |access-date=2017-09-14}}</ref>

On September 7, 2010, HP announced a civil lawsuit against Mark Hurd "to protect HP's trade secrets",<ref name="scribd.com">{{cite web |title=Court Filing: HP Civil Complaint Against Mark Hurd |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/37053792/Court-Filing-HP-Civil-Complaint-Against-Mark-Hurd |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100909011607/http://www.scribd.com/doc/37053792/Court-Filing-HP-Civil-Complaint-Against-Mark-Hurd |archive-date=September 9, 2010 |via=[[Scribd]]}}</ref> in response to Oracle hiring Hurd. On September 20, Oracle and HP published a joint press release announcing the resolution of the lawsuit on confidential terms and reaffirming commitment to long-term strategic partnership between the companies.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=HP and Oracle Reaffirm Commitment to Long-term Strategic Partnership |date=September 20, 2010 |url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100920007050/en/HP-Oracle-Reaffirm-Commitment-Long-term-Strategic-Partnership |access-date=September 5, 2011}}</ref>

===OpenOffice.org issue===
A number of [[OpenOffice.org]] developers formed [[The Document Foundation]] and received backing by Google, Novell, Red Hat, and Canonical, as well as some others, but were unable to get Oracle to donate the brand OpenOffice.org, causing a fork in the development of OpenOffice.org with the foundation now developing and promoting [[LibreOffice]]. Oracle expressed no interest in sponsoring the new project and asked the OpenOffice.org developers that started the project to resign from the company due to "conflicts of interest". On November 1, 2010, 33 of the OpenOffice.org developers gave their letters of resignation.<ref name="And So The Exodus Begins 33 OpenOffice.org Developers Leave Oracle">{{cite web |date=November 1, 2010 |title=And So The Exodus Begins – 33 Developers Leave OpenOffice.org |url=http://digitizor.com/2010/11/01/and-so-the-exodus-begins-33-developers-leave-openoffice-org/ |access-date=July 7, 2011 |publisher=Digitizor.com}}</ref> On June 1, 2011, Oracle donated OpenOffice.org to the [[Apache Software Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web |date=June 1, 2011 |title=Oracle Donates OpenOffice to the Apache Software Foundation |url=http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/oracle_donates_openoffice_to_the_apache_software_f.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902023720/http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/oracle_donates_openoffice_to_the_apache_software_f.php |archive-date=September 2, 2011 |access-date=September 5, 2011 |publisher=ReadWriteWeb |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

===HP and Oracle lawsuit===
On June 15, 2011, HP filed a lawsuit in California Superior Court in Santa Clara, claiming that Oracle had breached an agreement to support the Itanium microprocessor used in HP's high-end enterprise servers.<ref>{{cite web |last=Clark |first=Jack |date=June 16, 2011 |title=HP unleashes lawyers on Oracle over Itanium support |url=http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/business-of-it/2011/06/16/hp-unleashes-lawyers-on-oracle-over-itanium-support-40093131/ |access-date=June 17, 2011 |publisher=ZDNet UK}}</ref> Oracle called the lawsuit "an abuse of the judicial process"<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 7, 2011 |title=HP, Oracle exchange court jabs in escalating Itanium support showdown |work=ZDNet |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/hp-oracle-exchange-court-jabs-in-escalating-itanium-support-showdown/ |access-date=September 5, 2011}}</ref> and said that had it known [[SAP AG|SAP]]'s [[Léo Apotheker]] was about to be hired as HP's new CEO, any support for HP's Itanium servers would not have been implied.<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 30, 2011 |title=Oracle fires back at HP in Itanium suit, doesn't mince words |work=ZDNet |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/oracle-fires-back-at-hp-in-itanium-suit-doesnt-mince-words/ |access-date=September 5, 2011}}</ref>

On August 1, 2012, a California judge said in a tentative ruling that Oracle must continue porting its software at no cost until HP discontinues its sales of Itanium-based servers.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gallagher |first=Sean |date=August 1, 2012 |title=HP wins judgment in Itanium suit against Oracle |work=Ars Technica |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/08/hp-wins-judgement-in-itanium-suit-against-oracle/ |access-date=July 1, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=McMillan |first=Robert |date=August 1, 2012 |title=HP Wins Big Victory Over Oracle in Battle of the Itanium |magazine=Wired |url=https://www.wired.com/wiredenterprise/2012/08/hp-itanium-2/ |access-date=August 6, 2012}}</ref> HP was awarded $3 billion in damages against Oracle in 2016.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bright |first=Peter |date=June 30, 2016 |title=HP awarded $3B in damages from Oracle over Itanium database cancelation |work=Ars Technica |url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2016/06/hp-awarded-3b-in-damages-from-oracle-over-itanium-database-cancellation/ |access-date=July 1, 2016}}</ref> HP argued Oracle's canceling support damaged HP's Itanium server brand. Oracle had announced that it would appeal both the decision and damages, but the decision stayed.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Brittain |first=Blake |date=June 15, 2021 |title=Oracle loses bid to upend HP's $3 billion win |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/legal/transactional/oracle-loses-bid-upend-hps-3-billion-win-2021-06-14/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Quach |first=Katyanna |date=May 17, 2022 |title=Oracle really does owe HPE $3b after Supreme Court snub |url=https://www.theregister.com/2022/05/17/hp_oracle_supreme_court/ |website=[[The Register]]}}</ref>

===GSA business bidding ban===
On April 20, 2012, the US General Services Administration banned Oracle from the most popular portal for bidding on GSA contracts for undisclosed reasons. Oracle has previously used this portal for around four hundred million dollars a year in revenue.<ref>{{cite web |last=Hoover |first=J. Nicholas |date=2012-04-20 |title=Feds Banish Oracle From Popular Contract Vehicle |url=https://www.informationweek.com/regulations/feds-banish-oracle-from-popular-contract-vehicle/d/d-id/1103982 |access-date=2017-10-04 |website=InformationWeek}}</ref> Oracle previously settled a lawsuit filed under the [[False Claims Act]], which accused the company of [[overbilling]] the US government between 1998 and 2006. The 2011 settlement forced Oracle to pay $199.5 million to the [[General Services Administration]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=October 7, 2011 |title=Oracle to Pay $199.5 Million to Settle Overbilling Charges |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/07/business/oracle-agrees-to-pay-to-settle-an-overbilling-claim.html |agency=Bloomberg News |url-access=subscription |access-date=September 16, 2013}}</ref>

=== Cerner acquisition ===
{{Main|Oracle Health}}
On December 20, 2021, Oracle announced that it had entered into an agreement to acquire [[Cerner|Cerner Corporation]] (now ''Oracle Health'' and ''Oracle Life Sciences'') for approximately {{USD|28.3 billion}}, creating a dedicated Industry Business Unit within the company. Cerner is the largest international supplier of health information technology, such as [[electronic health record]]s (EHR), [[Revenue cycle management|revenue cycle]] solutions, and biomedical device integration platforms, and has its headquarters in Kansas City, Missouri, US.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=20 December 2021 |title=Oracle Buys Cerner |url=https://www.oracle.com/au/news/announcement/oracle-buys-cerner-2021-12-20/ |access-date=1 October 2024 |website=Oracle}}</ref> The deal closed in early July 2022 after receiving final approval from European regulators, making it Oracle's largest acquisition and one of the largest in corporate history.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Landi |first=Heather |date=7 June 2022 |title=Oracle closes $23B deal to buy EHR giant Cerner |url=https://www.fiercehealthcare.com/health-tech/oracle-gets-european-approval-28m-cerner-deal-set-close-next-week |access-date=1 October 2024 |work=Fierce Healthcare}}</ref>

Oracle's purchase of Cerner is part of an effort to introduce Oracle products into the healthcare market, particularly in the United States although Oracle plans to expand Cerner's global operations.<ref name=":3" /> It mirrors closely to expansions of other large information technology companies such as Google, Microsoft and Amazon into the healthcare sector. Cerner already used Oracle solutions for its "largest business and most important clinical system", and Oracle announced its intention to integrate autonomous solutions such as the Oracle Voice Digital Assistant into Cerner clinical solutions. Oracle additionally has shared its plans to improve the usability and user experience of Cerner solutions.<ref name=":2" />

While the acquisition was originally met with mixed reactions by industry and investors, some industry experts have developed a more positive perception of the purchase. Cerner won a major contract in 2017 to supply its EHR software to the US Department of Defense and [[Veterans Administration Hospital]]s, which resulted in Cerner "leaving its traditional base of hospital systems high and dry" with delays in resolving issues and implementing innovations. Oracle's acquisition allows for the larger corporation to support Cerner's operations, with the goal of "addressing basic operational issues... improving resiliency and usability" in the short-term.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=John |date=17 March 2023 |title=Re-evaluating Oracle's acquisition of Cerner - in a positive light |url=https://www.healthdatamanagement.com/articles/re-evaluating-oracles-acquisition-of-cerner-in-a-positive-light |access-date=1 October 2024 |website=HealthData Management}}</ref> Some opinions have expressed longer-term concern, with Oracle Health expecting a decline in US-based sales in 2024, although an increase in global sales. Additionally, clients of Cerner have reported minimal improvements to the core system and a focus by Oracle on future advancements over resolving current issues.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 May 2024 |title=Report: Oracle Health Facing Challenges Modernizing Outdated Systems |url=https://www.pymnts.com/healthcare/2024/report-oracle-health-facing-challenges-modernizing-outdated-systems/ |access-date=1 October 2024 |work=Pymnts}}</ref>

A September 2024 announcement by Oracle listed "tens of thousands of engineering hours and millions of dollars" of investments in the core clinical operations, and the release of the highly anticipated Oracle Clinical Digital Assistant, a generative AI system that automatically creates consultation documentation and proposes orders.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Greenwood |first=Stephanie |date=18 September 2024 |title=Oracle Delivers New Electronic Health Record Innovations |url=https://www.oracle.com/news/announcement/oracle-delivers-new-electronic-health-record-innovations-2024-09-18/ |access-date=1 October 2024 |work=Oracle News}}</ref>

=== U.S. TikTok's operations ===
On September 13, 2020, [[Bloomberg News]] reported that Oracle won a bidding war with other U.S.-based companies to take over social media company TikTok's operations in the United States following the company's pressure to forcibly be shut down by the [[First presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]]. Oracle was described as a "trusted tech partner" by [[TikTok]], suggesting the deal may not be as structured as an outright sale.<ref>{{cite web |date=2020-09-13 |title= Oracle Wins Deal for TikTok's U.S. Operations |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-13/oracle-is-said-to-gain-advantage-in-deal-for-tiktok-in-u-s |url-access=subscription |first1=Shelly |last1=Banjo |first2=Dina |last2=Bass |first3=Saleha |last3=Mohsin |access-date=2020-09-14 |website=Bloomberg }}</ref> On September 19, 2020, the Trump administration approved of the sale of TikTok's US operations to Oracle "[delaying] — by one week — restrictions that were originally to take effect" on September 20 as indicated by the [[United States Department of Commerce]].<ref>{{cite news |date=2020-09-19 |title=Trump says he has approved a deal for purchase of TikTok |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/09/19/tech/donald-trump-tiktok-deal-approval/index.html |access-date=2020-09-19 |website=CNN |first1=Brian |last1=Fung }}</ref>

On February 10, 2021, The Wall Street Journal reported, citing a source familiar with the matter, the [[Biden administration]] would be backing off from banning TikTok and shelving the sale of TikTok indefinitely, as the U.S. Commerce Department began reviewing whether or not Trump's claims about TikTok can justify the attempts to ban it.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021-02-10 |title=Biden backs off on TikTok ban in review of Trump China moves |url=https://apnews.com/article/donald-trump-jen-psaki-ca5e68d8b23cb26a0e964b3ea5fe826d |first1=Tali |last1=Arbel |first2=Matt |last2=O'Brien |access-date=2021-02-11 |website=AP NEWS}}</ref>
On February 27, 2023, Biden changed his "indefinite" stance on TikTok as he echoed Trump's 2020 claims of disapproval. Biden said Federal agencies have thirty days to remove TikTok from all federal devices. Federal contractors must meet the same standard in ninety days. On March 8, 2024, Biden said he would sign a bipartisan bill banning TikTok in the United States if the Chinese company ByteDance didn't divest.