Editing National Security Agency (section)

=== Other facilities ===
[[File:Buckley AFB.png|thumb|[[Buckley Space Force Base]] in Colorado]]
[[File:Utah Data Center Panorama (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Utah Data Center]]]]
NSA had facilities at [[Friendship Annex]] (FANX) in [[Linthicum, Maryland]], which is a 20 to 25-minute drive from Fort Meade;<ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Meade|url=http://www.public.navy.mil/necc/ecrc/Pages/FortMeade.aspx|publisher=Expeditionary Combat Readiness Center, United States Navy|access-date=June 11, 2013|archive-date=June 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614020751/http://www.public.navy.mil/necc/ecrc/Pages/FortMeade.aspx|url-status=dead}}</ref> the [[Aerospace Data Facility-Colorado|Aerospace Data Facility]] at [[Buckley Space Force Base]] in [[Aurora, Colorado|Aurora]], Colorado; NSA Texas in the [[Texas Cryptology Center]] at [[Lackland Air Force Base]] in [[San Antonio]], Texas; NSA Georgia, [[Georgia Cryptologic Center]], Fort Gordon (now [[Fort Eisenhower]]), [[Augusta, Georgia]]; NSA Hawaii, [[Hawaii Cryptologic Center]] in [[Honolulu]]; the [[Multiprogram Research Facility]] in [[Oak Ridge, Tennessee]], and elsewhere.<ref name=ExploreNSA /><ref name=Wired-2012 />

In 2009, to protect its assets and access more electricity, NSA sought to decentralize and expand its existing facilities in Fort Meade and Menwith Hill,<ref>{{cite news|title=New NSA center unveiled in budget documents|url=http://www.sltrib.com/news/ci_12744661|work=The Salt Lake Tribune|publisher=MediaNews Group|author=LaPlante, Matthew D.|date=July 2, 2009|access-date=June 9, 2013|archive-date=January 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126055709/http://www.sltrib.com/news/ci_12744661/|url-status=live}}</ref> the latter expansion expected to be completed by 2015.<ref name=Norton-Taylor>{{cite news|author=Norton-Taylor, Richard|title=Menwith Hill eavesdropping base undergoes massive expansion|date=March 1, 2012|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/mar/01/menwith-hill-eavesdropping-base-expansion|work=The Guardian|publisher=Guardian News and Media|access-date=June 10, 2013|location=London|archive-date=January 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140126001413/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/mar/01/menwith-hill-eavesdropping-base-expansion|url-status=live}}</ref>

On January 6, 2011, a groundbreaking ceremony was held to begin construction on the NSA's first Comprehensive National Cyber-security Initiative (CNCI) Data Center, known as the "[[Utah Data Center]]" for short. The $1.5B data center is being built at [[Camp Williams]], [[Utah]], located {{convert|25|mi|km}} south of [[Salt Lake City]], and will help support the agency's National Cyber-security Initiative.<ref>{{cite news|title=Utah's billion cyber-security center under way|author=Steve Fidel|url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/705363940/Utahs-15-billion-cyber-security-center-under-way.html|newspaper=Deseret News|date=January 6, 2011|access-date=January 6, 2011|archive-date=January 9, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110109001921/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/705363940/Utahs-15-billion-cyber-security-center-under-way.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is expected to be operational by September 2013.<ref name=Wired-2012>{{cite news |url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/03/ff_nsadatacenter/all/1 |title=The NSA Is Building the Country's Biggest Spy Center (Watch What You Say) |last=Bamford |first=James |magazine=Wired |publisher=Condé Nast |date=March 15, 2012 |access-date=February 26, 2013 |archive-date=April 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404172946/http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/03/ff_nsadatacenter/all/1 |url-status=live }}</ref> Construction of Utah Data Center finished in May 2019.<ref>{{cite web|author=Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics|date=September 17, 2014|title=MilCon Status Report – August 2014 – Under Secretary of Defense for AT&L|url=http://www.acq.osd.mil/ie/fim/library/milcon/MILCON_EOM-AUG_Report_2014-09-17.xlsx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210071515/http://www.acq.osd.mil/ie/fim/library/milcon/MILCON_EOM-AUG_Report_2014-09-17.xlsx|archive-date=December 10, 2014|access-date=April 16, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

In 2012, NSA collected intelligence from four [[geosynchronous satellite|geostationary satellites]].<ref name=Wired-2012/> Satellite receivers were at [[Roaring Creek Station]] in [[Catawissa, Pennsylvania]] and [[Salt Creek Station]] in [[Arbuckle, California]].<ref name=Wired-2012 /> It operated ten to twenty [[telephone tapping|taps]] on U.S. telecom switches. NSA had installations in several U.S. states and from them observed intercepts from Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, Latin America, and Asia.<ref name=Wired-2012/> The ''[[Yakima Herald-Republic]]'' cited Bamford, saying that many of NSA's bases for its Echelon program were a [[legacy system]], using outdated, 1990s technology.<ref name=Muir>"It's kind of a legacy system, this whole idea, the Echelon," Bamford said. "Communications have changed a great deal since they built it." in {{cite news|author=Muir, Pat|title=Secret Yakima facility may be outdated, expert says|date=May 27, 2013|url=http://www.yakimaherald.com/news/latestpoliticsnews/1142385-8/new-details-on-the-nsas-closure-of-its|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130616081534/http://www.yakimaherald.com/news/latestpoliticsnews/1142385-8/new-details-on-the-nsas-closure-of-its|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 16, 2013|publisher=Seattle Times|work=Yakima Herald-Republic|access-date=June 15, 2013}}</ref> In 2004, NSA closed its operations at [[Bad Aibling Station]] (Field Station 81) in [[Bad Aibling]], Germany.<ref>{{cite news|author=Richelson, Jeffrey T.|title=Eavesdroppers in Disguise|date=August 2012|url=http://www.airforcemag.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2012/August%202012/0812Eavesdroppers.aspx|work=Air Force Magazine|publisher=Air Force Association|access-date=June 10, 2013|archive-date=June 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614022300/http://www.airforcemag.com/MagazineArchive/Pages/2012/August%202012/0812Eavesdroppers.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2012, NSA began to move some of its operations at Yakima Research Station, [[Yakima Training Center]], in Washington state to Colorado, planning to leave Yakima closed.<ref>{{cite news|author=Troianello, Craig|title=NSA to close Yakima Training Center facility|date=April 4, 2013|url=http://www.yakimaherald.com/news/latestlocalnews/1006429-8/nsa-to-close-yakima-training-center-facility|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130616052825/http://www.yakimaherald.com/news/latestlocalnews/1006429-8/nsa-to-close-yakima-training-center-facility|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 16, 2013|publisher=Yakima Herald-Republic|access-date=June 15, 2013}}</ref> During 2013, NSA also intended to close operations at [[Sugar Grove, West Virginia]].<ref name=Muir />