Editing J. R. R. Tolkien (section)

== Memorials ==
{{Main|List of things named after J. R. R. Tolkien and his works}}
Tolkien and the characters and places from his works have become eponyms of many real-world objects. These include [[Planetary nomenclature#Titan|geographical features on Titan]] (Saturn's largest moon),<ref>{{cite web |title=Categories for Naming Features on Planets and Satellites |url=http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Categories |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708063522/http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Page/Categories |archive-date=8 July 2014 |website=Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature |publisher=International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN)}}</ref>
street names such as There and Back Again Lane, inspired by ''The Hobbit'',<ref>{{cite web |date=5 December 2019 |title='Ladies of the night' street name deeds to be sold |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-gloucestershire-50502073?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/localnews/2633984-wick/0&link_location=live-reporting-story |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526123517/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-gloucestershire-50502073 |archive-date=26 May 2021 |access-date=3 March 2021 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>
mountains such as [[Mount Shadowfax]], [[Mount Gandalf]], and [[Mount Aragorn]] in Canada,<ref>{{cite web |title=Mount Gandalf |url=http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/58340.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213020600/http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/58340.html |archive-date=13 December 2014 |website=[[BC Geographical Names]] |publisher=[[British Columbia|The Province of British Columbia]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Mount Shadowfax |url=http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/58360.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213020557/http://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/58360.html |archive-date=13 December 2014 |website=[[BC Geographical Names]] |publisher=[[British Columbia|The Province of British Columbia]]}}</ref>
companies such as [[Palantir Technologies]],<ref name="historypalantir">{{cite web |date=April 2014 |title=A (Pretty) Complete History of Palantir |url=http://www.mausstrategicconsulting.com/1/post/2014/04/a-pretty-complete-history-of-palantir.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140516035733/http://www.mausstrategicconsulting.com/1/post/2014/04/a-pretty-complete-history-of-palantir.html |archive-date=16 May 2014 |publisher=Maus Strategic Consulting}}</ref>
and species including the wasp ''[[Shireplitis tolkieni]]'',<ref name="Larsen">{{cite journal |last=Larsen |first=Kristine |date=2007 |title=SAURON, Mount Doom, and Elvish Moths: The Influence of Tolkien on Modern Science |journal=[[Tolkien Studies]] |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=223–234 |doi=10.1353/tks.2007.0024 |s2cid=170563966}}</ref> 37 new species of ''[[Elachista]]'' moths,<ref name="Larsen" /><ref name="Kaila 1999">{{cite journal |last=Kaila |first=Lauri |year=1999 |title=A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus ''Elachista'' ''s.l.'' III. The ''bifasciella'', ''praelineata'', ''saccharella'' and ''freyerella'' groups (Lepidoptera, Elachistidae) |journal=Acta Zoologica Fennica |volume=211 |pages=1–235}}</ref> and many fossils.<ref name="Gee p55">{{cite book |last=Gee |first=Henry |url=https://archive.org/details/scienceofmiddlee00geeh |title=The Science of Middle-earth |date=2004 |publisher=Cold Spring Press |isbn=978-1-59360-023-5 |edition=1st |location=Cold Spring Harbor, NY |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Van Valen1978">{{cite journal |last=Van Valen |first=L. M. |year=1978 |title=The beginning of the Age of Mammals |journal=[[Evolutionary Theory (journal)|Evolutionary Theory]] |volume=4 |pages=45–80}} [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayRefResults?reference_no=3485 Taxonomic summary] .</ref><ref name="Beck">{{cite magazine |last=Beck |first=Julie |date=3 May 2015 |title=Science's Love Affair with The Lord of the Rings |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/05/sciences-love-affair-with-the-lord-of-the-rings/392216/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[The Atlantic]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309142712/http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/05/sciences-love-affair-with-the-lord-of-the-rings/392216/ |archive-date=9 March 2016}}</ref><!--this is not a list: please don't add anything here, add it to the [[List of things named after J. R. R. Tolkien and his works]] and cite it there-->

Since 2003, [[The Tolkien Society]] has organized [[Tolkien Reading Day]], which takes place on 25 March in schools around the world.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tolkien Reading Day |url=http://www.tolkiensociety.org/society/events/reading-day/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026162933/http://www.tolkiensociety.org/society/events/reading-day/ |archive-date=26 October 2015 |website=The Tolkien Society |access-date=14 May 2014}}</ref> In 2013, [[Pembroke College, Oxford University]], established an [[The J.R.R. Tolkien Lecture on Fantasy Literature|annual lecture on fantasy literature]] in Tolkien's honour.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tolkien Lecture Series |url=http://www.pmb.ox.ac.uk/content/tolkien-lecture-series |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413125610/http://www.pmb.ox.ac.uk/content/tolkien-lecture-series |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=26 February 2019 |website=Pembroke College, Oxford}}</ref> In 2012, Tolkien was among the [[Culture of the United Kingdom|British cultural icons]] selected by artist Sir [[Peter Blake (artist)|Peter Blake]] to appear in a new version of his most famous artwork—the Beatles' ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'' album cover—to celebrate the British cultural figures of his life that he most admired.<ref>{{cite news |date=11 November 2016 |title=New faces on Sgt Pepper album cover for artist Peter Blake's 80th birthday |newspaper=The Guardian |first=Caroline |last=Davies |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/apr/02/peter-blake-sgt-pepper-cover-revisited |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161105095109/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2012/apr/02/peter-blake-sgt-pepper-cover-revisited |archive-date=5 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=11 November 2016 |title=Sir Peter Blake's new Beatles' Sgt Pepper's album cover |publisher=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-17583026 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103234105/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-17583026 |archive-date=3 January 2017}}</ref> A 2019 biographical film, ''[[Tolkien (film)|Tolkien]]'', focused on Tolkien's early life and war experiences.<ref>{{cite news |last=Welk |first=Brian |date=17 January 2019 |title=J. R. R. Tolkien Biopic With Nicholas Hoult Gets Summer 2019 Release Date |url=https://www.thewrap.com/j-r-r-tolkien-biopic-nicholas-hoult-summer-2019-release-date/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190118012630/https://www.thewrap.com/j-r-r-tolkien-biopic-nicholas-hoult-summer-2019-release-date/ |archive-date=18 January 2019}}</ref> The Tolkien family and estate stated that they did not "approve of, authorise or participate in the making of" the film.<ref>{{cite news |last=Flood |first=Alison |date=23 April 2019 |title=Tolkien estate disavows forthcoming film starring Nicholas Hoult |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/apr/23/tolkien-estate-disavows-forthcoming-film-starring-nicholas-hoult |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423163312/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/apr/23/tolkien-estate-disavows-forthcoming-film-starring-nicholas-hoult |archive-date=23 April 2019}}</ref>

[[File:Tolkien's Sarehole Mill blue plaque-persp.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Sarehole Mill]]'s blue plaque]]

Several [[blue plaque]]s in England commemorate places associated with Tolkien, including for his childhood, his workplaces, and places he visited.<!--as documented in the TABLE below--><ref name="Tolkien Society Memorials" /><ref>{{cite encyclopedia |year=2006 |title=World War I |encyclopedia=[[The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment]] |publisher=Routledge |location=Oxon |url=http://www.routledge-ny.com/ref/tolkien/wwi.html |last=Garth |first=John |editor-last=Drout |editor-first=Michael D. C. |editor-link=Michael D. C. Drout |page=713 |isbn=978-0-415-96942-0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070517091020/http://www.routledge-ny.com/ref/tolkien/wwi.html |archive-date=17 May 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Jenkins |first=Stephanie |title=Inscriptions: J. R. R. Tolkien |url=http://www.oxfordhistory.org.uk/streets/inscriptions/headington/tolkien.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301063512/http://www.oxfordhistory.org.uk/streets/inscriptions/headington/tolkien.html |archive-date=1 March 2014 |publisher=Headington.org}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Address !! Commemoration !! Date unveiled !! Issued by
|-
| [[Sarehole Mill]], [[Hall Green]], Birmingham
| "Inspired" 1896–1900 (i.e. lived nearby)
| 15 August 2002
| [[Birmingham Civic Society]] and [[The Tolkien Society]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sarehole Mill |url=http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/sarehole.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524114518/http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/sarehole.html |archive-date=24 May 2007 |website=Blue Plaques Photograph Gallery}}</ref>
|-
| 1 Duchess Place, [[Ladywood]], Birmingham
| Lived near here 1902–1910
| Unknown
| Birmingham Civic Society<ref>{{cite web |title=Duchess Place |url=http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/tolkien2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524114159/http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/tolkien2.html |archive-date=24 May 2007 |website=Blue Plaques Photograph Gallery}}</ref>
|-
| 4 Highfield Road, [[Edgbaston]], Birmingham
| Lived here 1910–1911
| Unknown
| C|Birmingham Civic Society and The Tolkien Society<ref>{{cite web |title=4 Highfield Road |url=http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/tolkien3.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524113934/http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/tolkien3.html |archive-date=24 May 2007 |website=Blue Plaques Photograph Gallery}}</ref>
|-
| Plough and Harrow, [[Hagley Road]], Birmingham
| Stayed here June 1916
| June 1997
| The Tolkien Society<ref>{{cite web |title=Plough and Harrow |url=http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/tolkien.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524113840/http://www.birminghamnet.co.uk/galleries/features/blueplaque/tolkien.html |archive-date=24 May 2007 |website=Blue Plaques Photograph Gallery}}</ref>
|-
| 2 Darnley Road, [[West Park, Leeds]]
| First academic appointment, Leeds
| 1 October 2012
| The Tolkien Society and [[Leeds Civic Trust]]<ref>{{cite web |title=J. R. R. Tolkien |url=https://openplaques.org/plaques/11793 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118111902/http://openplaques.org/plaques/11793 |archive-date=18 January 2021 |access-date=6 April 2021 |publisher=Open Plaques}}</ref>
|-
| 20 [[Northmoor Road]], [[North Oxford]]
| Lived here 1930–1947
| 3 December 2002
| [[Oxfordshire Blue Plaques Board]]<ref>{{cite web |title=J. R. R. Tolkien Philologist and Author |url=http://oxonblueplaques.org.uk/plaques/tolkien.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526123515/http://oxonblueplaques.org.uk/plaques/tolkien.html |archive-date=26 May 2021 |access-date=9 September 2010 |website=Plaques Awarded |publisher=Oxfordshire Blue Plaques Board}}</ref>
|-
| Hotel Miramar, East Overcliff Drive, [[Bournemouth]]
| Stayed here regularly from the 1950s until 1972
| 10 June 1992 by [[Priscilla Tolkien]]
| Borough of Bournemouth<ref>{{cite web |title=Bournemouth's Blue Plaques |url=http://www.bournemouth.gov.uk/PlanningBuildings/ConservationDesignTrees/cdtfiles/BluePlaquebookletandmap.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210173239/http://www.bournemouth.gov.uk/PlanningBuildings/ConservationDesignTrees/cdtfiles/BluePlaquebookletandmap.pdf |archive-date=10 December 2014 |publisher=Bournemouth Borough Council |page=15}}</ref>
|-
| [[St Mary Immaculate Roman Catholic Church, Warwick|St Mary Immaculate]], 45 West Street, [[Warwick]]
| Married here 22 March 1916
| 6 July 2018
| Warwick Town Council<ref>{{cite web |title=Tolkien plaque unveiled in Warwick |url=https://www.warwickshireworld.com/news/tolkien-plaque-unveiled-in-warwick-830607 |website=Warwickshire World |date=11 July 2018 |access-date=3 March 2023}}</ref>
|}

The [[Royal Mint]] produced a [[Commemorative coin|commemorative]] £2 coin in 2023 to mark the 50th anniversary of Tolkien's death.<ref>{{cite web |title=Celebrating the Life and Work of JRR Tolkien |url=https://www.royalmint.com/annual-sets/2023/celebrating-the-life-and-work-of-jrr-tolkien |publisher=The Royal Mint |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref>