Editing Italy (section)

=== Music ===
{{Main|Music of Italy}}
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| footer = Instruments associated with [[classical music]], including the [[violin]] and [[piano]], were invented in Italy.<ref name="Erlich"/>
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From [[Italian folk music|folk]] to [[European classical music|classical]], music is an intrinsic part of Italian culture. Instruments associated with classical music, including the piano and violin, were invented in Italy,<ref name="Erlich">{{Cite book|last=Erlich|first=Cyril|title=The Piano: A History|publisher=Oxford University Press, US; Revised edition|year=1990|isbn=978-0-1981-6171-4}}; {{Cite book|last=Allen|first=Edward Heron|title=Violin-making, as it was and is: Being a Historical, Theoretical, and Practical Treatise on the Science and Art of Violin-making, for the Use of Violin Makers and Players, Amateur and Professional. Preceded by An Essay on the Violin and Its Position as a Musical Instrument|date=1914|publisher=E. Howe}} Accessed 5 September 2015.</ref> and many prevailing forms, such as the [[symphony]], concerto, and [[sonata]], trace their roots back to innovations in 16th- and 17th-century Italian music.

Italy's most famous composers include the Renaissance [[Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina|Palestrina]], [[Claudio Monteverdi|Monteverdi]], and [[Carlo Gesualdo|Gesualdo]]; the [[Baroque music|Baroque]] [[Domenico Scarlatti|Scarlatti]], and [[Antonio Vivaldi|Vivaldi]]; the classical [[Niccolò Paganini|Paganini]], and [[Gioachino Rossini|Rossini]]; and the Romantic [[Giuseppe Verdi|Verdi]] and [[Giacomo Puccini|Puccini]]. Classical music has a strong hold in Italy, as evidenced by the fame of its opera houses, such as La Scala, and performers such as the pianist [[Maurizio Pollini]] and tenor [[Luciano Pavarotti]]. Italy is known as the birthplace of opera.<ref name="Kimbell, David R.B.-1994">{{Cite book|last=Kimbell, David R.B.|url={{Google books|C37Gq2GagZIC|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|title=Italian Opera|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1994|isbn=978-0-5214-6643-1|access-date=20 December 2009}}</ref> [[Italian opera]] is believed to have been founded in the 17th century.<ref name="Kimbell, David R.B.-1994"/>

Introduced in the early 1920s, [[jazz]] gained a strong foothold in Italy, and remained popular despite xenophobic policies of the fascists. Italy was represented in the [[progressive rock]] and pop movements of the 1970s, with bands such as [[Premiata Forneria Marconi|PFM]], [[Banco del Mutuo Soccorso]], [[Le Orme]], [[Goblin (band)|Goblin]], and [[Pooh (band)|Pooh]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Keller, Catalano and Colicci|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gh03DwAAQBAJ&q=keller%20catalano%20and%20colicci&pg=PT1022|title=Garland Encyclopedia of World Music|date=25 September 2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-3515-4426-9|pages=604–625}}</ref> The same period saw diversification in the [[cinema of Italy]], and [[Cinecittà]] films included complex scores by composers including [[Ennio Morricone]]. In the 1980s, the first star to emerge from [[Italian hip hop]] was singer [[Jovanotti]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sisario|first=Ben|date=3 October 2012|title=A Roman Rapper Comes to New York, Where He Can Get Real|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/04/arts/music/jovanotti-italian-rapper-brings-his-act-to-new-york.html|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220103/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/04/arts/music/jovanotti-italian-rapper-brings-his-act-to-new-york.html|archive-date=3 January 2022|access-date=24 February 2014|work=The New York Times}}{{Cbignore}}</ref> Italian metal bands include [[Rhapsody of Fire]], [[Lacuna Coil]], [[Elvenking (band)|Elvenking]], [[Forgotten Tomb]], and [[Fleshgod Apocalypse]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Sharpe-Young|first1= Garry|author-link1= MusicMight|title= A–Z of Power Metal|series= Rockdetector Series|year= 2003|publisher= Cherry Red Books|isbn= 978-1-901447-13-2}}</ref>

Italy contributed to the development of [[disco]] and [[electronic music]], with [[Italo disco]], known for its futuristic sound and prominent use of synthesisers and drum machines, one of the earliest electronic dance genres.<ref>{{Cite news|last=McDonnell|first=John|date=1 September 2008|title=Scene and heard: Italo-disco|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2008/sep/01/sceneandhearditalodisco|access-date=14 July 2012|work=The Guardian|location=London}}</ref> Producers such as [[Giorgio Moroder]], who won three Academy Awards and four Golden Globes, were influential in the development of electronic dance music.<ref>"This record was a collaboration between Philip Oakey, the big-voiced lead singer of the techno-pop band the Human League, and Giorgio Moroder, the Italian-born father of disco who spent the '80s writing synth-based pop and film music." {{Cite web|last=Evan Cater|title=Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder: Overview|url={{AllMusic|class=album|id=r59464|pure_url=yes}}|access-date=21 December 2009|publisher=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> Italian pop is represented annually with the [[Sanremo Music Festival]], which served as inspiration for the [[Eurovision Song Contest]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Yiorgos Kasapoglou|date=27 February 2007|title=Sanremo Music Festival kicks off tonight|url=http://www.esctoday.com/news/read/7817|access-date=18 August 2011|publisher=esctoday.com}}</ref> [[Gigliola Cinquetti]], [[Toto Cutugno]], and [[Måneskin]] won Eurovision, in [[Eurovision Song Contest 1964|1964]], [[Eurovision Song Contest 1990|1990]], and [[Eurovision Song Contest 2021|2021]] respectively. Singers such as [[Domenico Modugno]], [[Mina (Italian singer)|Mina]], [[Andrea Bocelli]], [[Raffaella Carrà]], [[Il Volo]], [[Al Bano]], [[Toto Cutugno]], [[Nek]], [[Umberto Tozzi]], [[Giorgia (singer)|Giorgia]], Grammy winner [[Laura Pausini]], [[Eros Ramazzotti]], [[Tiziano Ferro]], Måneskin, and others have received international acclaim.<ref>{{Cite web|first=Federica|last=Cirone|date=29 August 2023|title=Cantanti italiani, quali sono quelli che hanno avuto più successo all'estero|url=https://www.socialboost.it/cantanti-italiani-quali-sono-quelli-che-hanno-avuto-piu-successo-allestero/|access-date=5 June 2024|publisher=socialboost.it|language=it}}</ref>