Editing Hera (section)

===Children===
[[Image:Hera Prometheus Cdm Paris 542.jpg|thumb|Hera and [[Prometheus]], [[Tondo (art)|tondo]] of a 5th-century BCE cup from [[Vulci]], [[Etruria]]]]
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! Name !! Father !! Functions !! Explanation
|-
| [[Angelos (mythology)|Angelos]]
| Zeus
| An underworld goddess
| Her story only survives in [[scholia]] on [[Theocritus]]' Idyll 2. She was raised by [[nymphs]]. One day she stole Hera's anointments and gave them away to [[Europa (mythology)|Europa]]. To escape her mother's wrath, she tried to hide. Hera eventually ceased prosecuting her, and Zeus ordered the [[Cabeiroi]] to cleanse Angelos. They performed the purification rite in the waters of the [[Acherusia]] Lake in the [[Greek underworld|Underworld]]. Consequently, she received the world of the dead as her realm of influence, and was assigned the epithet ''katachthonia'' ("she of the underworld").<ref>Scholia on Theocritus, Idyll 2. 12 referring to [[Sophron]]</ref>
|-
| [[Ares]]
| Zeus
| God of war
| According to [[Hesiod]]'s ''[[Theogony]]'', he was a son of Zeus and Hera.<ref name="Theo-921">''Theogony'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+921 921&ndash;922].</ref>
|-
| [[Arge]]
| Zeus
| A [[nymph]]
| A nymph daughter of Zeus and Hera.<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Classical Manual, being a Mythological, Historical and Geographical Commentary on Pope's Homer, and Dryden's Aeneid of Virgil with a Copious Index|last=Murray|first=John|year=1833|location=Albemarle Street, London|page=8}}</ref>
|- 
| [[Charites]]
| Not named
| Goddesses of grace and beauty
| Though usually considered as the daughters of Zeus and [[Eurynome]], or [[Dionysus]] and [[Coronis (mythology)|Coronis]] according to [[Nonnus]],<ref name="48.548">[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#48.548 48.548]</ref> the poet [[Colluthus]] makes them the daughters of Hera, without naming a father.<ref>[[Colluthus]], ''Rape of Helen'' [https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Colluthus/Rape_of_Helen*.html#p555 173]</ref>
|-
| [[Eileithyia]]
| Zeus
| Goddess of childbirth
| In ''Theogony'' and other sources, she is described as a daughter of Hera by Zeus.<ref name="Theo-921"/> Although, the meticulously accurate mythographer [[Pindar]] in ''Seventh Nemean Ode'' mentions Hera as Eileithyia's mother but makes no mention of Zeus.
|-
| [[Eleutheria]]
| Zeus
| Personification of liberty
| Eleutheria is the Greek counterpart of [[Libertas]] (Liberty), daughter of Jupiter (Zeus) and Juno (Hera) as cited in Hyginus, ''[[Fabulae]]'' Preface.
|-
| [[Enyo]]
| Zeus
| A war goddess
| She was responsible for the destruction of cities and an attendant of Ares, though Homer equates Enyo with Eris.
|-
| [[Hebe (mythology)|Hebe]]
| Zeus
| Goddess of youth
| She was a daughter of Zeus and Hera.<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+921 921&ndash;922]; [[Homer]], ''[[Odyssey]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg002.perseus-eng1:11.601 11. 604&ndash;605]; [[Pindar]], ''Isthmian'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DI.%3Apoem%3D4 4.59&ndash;60]; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.3.1 1.3.1], and later authors.</ref> In a rare alternative version, Hera alone produced Hebe after being impregnated by eating lettuce.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YTkjHT6N9nIC&q=hera+impregnated+by+lettuce|title=The Writing of Orpheus: Greek Myth in Cultural Context|last=Detienne|first=Marcel|date=2002-11-25|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-6954-9|language=en}}</ref> A fragment by [[Callimachus]] describes Hera holding a feast to celebrate the seventh day after the birth of Hebe.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Callimachus |title=Iambi, Fragment 202}}</ref> [[Pindar]] states that Hebe stays by her mother's side in Olympus forever.<ref>[[Pindar]], ''Nemean'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DN.%3Apoem%3D10 10.17]</ref>
|-
| [[Hephaestus]]
| Zeus
| God of fire and the forge
| Attested by Hesiod, Hera was jealous of Zeus's giving birth to [[Athena]] with [[Metis (mythology)|Metis]], so she gave birth to Hephaestus without union with Zeus<ref name=":1">''Theogony'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+Th.+924 924&ndash;929].</ref> (though Homer has Hephaestus refer to "father Zeus"<ref>In Homer, ''[[Odyssey]]'' viii. 312 Hephaestus addresses "Father Zeus"; cf. Homer, ''[[Iliad]]'' i. 578 (some scholars, such as Gantz, ''Early Greek Myth'', p. 74, note that Hephaestus's reference to Zeus as 'father' here may be a general title), xiv. 338, xviii. 396, xxi. 332. See also [[Cicero]], ''[[De Natura Deorum]]'' 3.22.</ref>). In some versions, Zeus threw Hephaestus off [[Mount Olympus]] because he protected Hera from his advances.<ref>{{cite book |last=Graves |first=Robert |title=The Greek Myths: 1 |publisher=Penguin Books |year=1955 |isbn=0736621121 |location=Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England |pages=51}}</ref><ref name="Foot2">''Homeric Hymn to Apollo'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0138%3Ahymn%3D3%3Acard%3D305 316–321]; Homer, ''Iliad'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D18%3Acard%3D388 18.395–405].</ref><ref name="Hera2">[[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0134%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D568 1.590–594]; [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus|Valerius Flaccus]], ii, 8.5; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], i, 3 § 5. Apollodorus confounds the two occasions on which Hephaestus was thrown from Olympus.</ref>
In other versions, Hera was the one who threw Hephaestus out of disgust for his ugliness.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Deris|first=Sara|date=2013-06-06|title=Examining the Hephaestus Myth through a Disability Studies Perspective|url=http://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/prandium/article/download/19652|journal=Prandium: The Journal of Historical Studies at University of Toronto Mississauga|language=en|volume=2|issue=1|access-date=2016-12-09|archive-date=2016-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220141457/http://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/prandium/article/download/19652}}</ref> He gained revenge against Hera for rejecting him by making her a magical throne that did not allow her to leave once she sat on it.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Hedreen_2004">Guy Hedreen (2004) The Return of Hephaistos, Dionysiac Processional Ritual and the Creation of a Visual Narrative. ''The Journal of Hellenic Studies'', '''124''' (2004:38–64) p.&nbsp;38 and note.</ref><ref name="Kerenyi_1951">Karl Kerenyi (1951) ''The Gods of the Greeks'', pp&nbsp;156&ndash;158.</ref> The other gods begged Hephaestus to return to Olympus to let her go, but he repeatedly refused.<ref name="Kerenyi_1951" /> [[Dionysus]] got him drunk and took him back to Olympus on the back of a mule.<ref>The return of Hephaestus on muleback to Olympus accompanied by Dionysus was a theme of the Attic vase painters, whose wares were favored by Etruscans. The return of Hephaestus was painted on the Etruscan tomb at the "Grotta Campana" near Veii (identified by Peterson; the "well-known subject" was doubted in this instance by A. M. Harmon, "The Paintings of the Grotta Campana", ''American Journal of Archaeology'' '''16'''.1 (January - March 1912):1-10); for further examples, see [[Hephaestus#Return to Olympus]].</ref> Hephaestus released Hera after being given [[Aphrodite]] as his wife.{{sfn|Slater|1968|pages=199–200}}
|-
| [[Pasithea]]<nowiki/>o
| [[Dionysus]] (?)l
| One of the [[Charites|Graces]]
| Although in other works Pasithea doesn't seem to be born to Hera, [[Nonnus]] made the Grace Hera's daughter.<ref>[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#31.159 31.186]</ref> Elsewhere in the book, Pasithea's father is said to be [[Dionysus]],<ref>[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#15.86 15.91]</ref> but it's unclear whether those two together are meant to be Pasithea's parents.{{refn|group=note|name=first|Throughout the epic, [[Nonnus]] gives conflicting parentages of various characters: for example [[Helios]]'s daughter [[Astris]]'s mother in book 17<ref>[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#17.269 17.280]</ref> seems to be [[Clymene (mother of Phaethon)|Clymene]] while it's [[Ceto (Oceanid)|Ceto]] in Book 26,<ref>[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#26.351 26.355]</ref> and [[Lelantos]]'s daughter [[Aura (mythology)|Aura]]'s mother is [[Cybele]] in Book 1,<ref>[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#1.11 1.27]</ref> but [[Periboea]] in Book 48.<ref>[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#48.247 48.247].</ref> Moreover, Pasithea is described as one of the Graces, and elsewhere in the poem the Graces' parents are given as Dionysus and [[Coronis (mythology)|Coronis]].<ref name="48.548">[[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' [https://topostext.org/work/529#48.548 48.548]</ref>}}
|-
| [[Prometheus]]
| [[Eurymedon (mythology)|Eurymedon]]
| God of forethought
| Although usually Prometheus is said to be the son of [[Iapetus]] by his wife [[Clymene (mythology)|Clymene]]<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0130%3Acard%3D507 507]</ref> or [[Asia (Oceanid)|Asia]],<ref>Apollodorus, ''[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Bibliotheca]]'' [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022%3Atext%3DLibrary%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D2%3Asection%3D2 1.2.2]</ref> Hellenistic poet [[Euphorion of Chalcis|Euphorion]] made Prometheus the son of Hera by the giant [[Eurymedon (mythology)|Eurymedon]], who raped the young goddess while she was still living with her parents.<ref>Scholium on the ''[[Iliad]]'' [https://books.google.com/books?id=-9EIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA515 14.295]</ref><ref>Gantz, pp. 16, 57; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA88 p. 88].</ref>
|-
| [[Typhon]]
| –
| Serpent-monster
| Typhon is presented both as the son of Hera (in Homeric ''Pythian Hymn to Apollo'') and as the son of Gaia (in Hesiod's ''Theogony'').<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Decker|first=Jessica Elbert|date=2016-11-16|title=Hail Hera, Mother of Monsters! Monstrosity as Emblem of Sexual Sovereignty|journal=Women's Studies|volume=45|issue=8|pages=743–757|doi=10.1080/00497878.2016.1232021|s2cid=151482537|issn=0049-7878}}</ref> According to the [[Homeric Hymns|''Homeric Hymn to Apollo'']] (6th century BCE), [[Typhon]] was the [[Parthenogenesis|parthenogenous]] child of Hera, whom she bore alone as a revenge at Zeus who had given birth to Athena. Hera prayed to Gaia to give her a son as strong as Zeus, then slapped the ground and became pregnant.<ref>[[Homeric Hymns|''Homeric Hymn to Apollo'']] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0138%3Ahymn%3D3%3Acard%3D305 306&ndash;348]. [[Stesichorus]], Fragment 239 (Campbell, [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/stesichorus_i-fragments/1991/pb_LCL476.167.xml?result=1&rskey=56v0bn pp. 166&ndash;167]) also has Hera produce Typhon alone to "spite Zeus".</ref> Hera gave the infant Typhon to the serpent [[Python (mythology)|Python]] to raise, and Typhon grew up to become a great bane to mortals.<ref>Gantz, p. 49, remarks on the strangeness of such a description for one who would challenge the gods.</ref> The b scholia to ''Iliad'' 2.783, however, has Typhon born in Cilicia as the offspring of Cronus. Gaia, angry at the destruction of the Giants, slanders Zeus to Hera. So Hera goes to Cronus and he gives her two eggs smeared with his own semen, telling her to bury them, and that from them would be born one who would overthrow Zeus. Hera, angry at Zeus, buries the eggs in Cilicia "under Arimon", but when Typhon is born, Hera, now reconciled with Zeus, informs him.<ref>Kirk, Raven, and Schofield. [https://books.google.com/books?id=kFpd86J8PLsC&pg=PA59 pp. 59&ndash;60 no. 52]; Ogden 2013b, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Vv0Fxm6Amh4C&pg=PA36 pp. 36&ndash;38]; Gantz, pp. 50&ndash;51, Ogden 2013a, [https://books.google.com/books?id=FQ2pAK9luwkC&pg=PA76 p. 76 n. 46].</ref>
|}