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== References == {{reflist|refs= <ref name="ARX-20060816"> {{cite journal |last=Soter |first=Steven |title=What is a Planet? |date=16 August 2006 |url=https://arxiv.org/ftp/astro-ph/papers/0608/0608359.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://arxiv.org/ftp/astro-ph/papers/0608/0608359.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |access-date=25 December 2017 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=132 |issue=6 |pages=2513–2519 |doi=10.1086/508861 |arxiv=astro-ph/0608359 |bibcode=2006AJ....132.2513S |s2cid=14676169 }}</ref> <ref name=AstFams-Icarus-1995> {{cite journal | first1=V. |last1=Zappalà |first2=Ph. |last2=Bendjoya | first3=A. |last3=Cellino |first4=P. |last4=Farinella | first5=C. |last5=Froeschlé | year=1995 | title=Asteroid families: Search of a 12,487 asteroid sample using two different clustering techniques | journal=Icarus |volume=116 | issue=2 | pages=291–314 | bibcode=1995Icar..116..291Z | doi=10.1006/icar.1995.1127 }}</ref> <ref name=AstJ-2002-v123-p549> {{cite journal |last1=Parker |first1= J.W. |last2=Stern |first2= S.A. |last3=Thomas |first3= P.C. |last4=Festou |first4= M.C. |last5=Merline |first5= W.J. |last6=Young |first6= E.F. |last7=Binzel |first7= R.P. |last8=Lebofsky |first8= L.A. | year=2002 | title=Analysis of the First Disk-resolved Images of Ceres from Ultraviolet Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=123 | issue=1 | pages=549–557 | doi=10.1086/338093 |doi-access=free | bibcode=2002AJ....123..549P |bibcode-access=free | arxiv=astro-ph/0110258 }}</ref> <ref name=Atkinson-2009> {{cite web |last=Atkinson |first=Nancy |date=8 October 2009 |title=More water out there, ice found on an asteroid |website=International Space Fellowship |url=http://spacefellowship.com/2009/10/08/more-water-out-there-ice-found-on-an-asteroid/ |access-date=11 October 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091011051040/http://spacefellowship.com/2009/10/08/more-water-out-there-ice-found-on-an-asteroid/ |archive-date=11 October 2009 }}</ref> <ref name=Bus-2002> {{cite journal |last=Bus |first=S.J. |year=2002 |title=Phase II of the Small Main-belt Asteroid Spectroscopy Survey: A feature-based taxonomy |journal=Icarus |volume=158 |issue=1 |page=146 |s2cid=4880578 |doi=10.1006/icar.2002.6856 |bibcode=2002Icar..158..146B }}</ref> <ref name="Callahan"> {{cite journal |last1=Callahan |first1=M.P. |last2=Smith |first2=K.E. |last3=Cleaves |first3=H.J. |last4=Ruzica |first4=J. |last5=Stern |first5=J.C. |last6=Glavin |first6=D.P. |last7=House |first7=C.H. |last8=Dworkin |first8=J.P. |date=11 August 2011 |title=Carbonaceous meteorites contain a wide range of extraterrestrial nucleobases |journal=[[PNAS]] |volume=108 |issue=34 |pages=13995–13998 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1106493108 |doi-access=free |pmid=21836052 |pmc=3161613 |bibcode=2011PNAS..10813995C }}</ref> <ref name="Campins2010"> {{cite journal |last1=Campins |first1= H. |last2=Hargrove |first2= K |last3=Pinilla-Alonso |first3= N. |last4=Howell |first4= E.S.|author4-link=Ellen Howell |last5=Kelley |first5= M.S. |last6=Licandro |first6= J. |last7=Mothé-Diniz |first7= T. |last8=Fernández |first8= Y. |last9=Ziffer |first9= J. |display-authors=6 |year=2010 |title=Water ice and organics on the surface of the asteroid 24 Themis |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=464 |issue=7293 |pages=1320–1321 |doi=10.1038/nature09029 |pmid=20428164 |bibcode=2010Natur.464.1320C |s2cid=4334032 }}</ref> <ref name=CMZ-1975-Icarus> {{cite journal | last1=Chapman | first1=C.R. |author1-link=Clark R. Chapman | last2=Morrison | first2=David |author2-link=David Morrison (astrophysicist) | last3=Zellner | first3=Ben |author3-link=Ben Zellner | year=1975 | title=Surface properties of asteroids: A synthesis of polarimetry, radiometry, and spectrophotometry | journal=Icarus | volume=25 | issue=1 | pages=104–130 | bibcode=1975Icar...25..104C | doi=10.1016/0019-1035(75)90191-8 }}</ref> <ref name=CNEOS-FAQ> {{cite web |website=CNEOS |series=Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) |title=What are asteroids and comets? |url=http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/faq/#ast |url-status=dead |access-date=13 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100909210213/http://neo.jpl.nasa.gov/faq/ |archive-date=9 September 2010 }}</ref> <ref name=Courtland-2009> {{cite magazine |first=Rachel |last=Courtland |date=30 April 2009 |title=Sun damage conceals asteroids' true ages |magazine=[[New Scientist]] |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17062-sun-damage-conceals-asteroids-true-ages.html |access-date=27 February 2013 }}</ref> <ref name=Cowen-2009> {{cite magazine | first=Ron | last=Cowen | date=8 October 2009 | title=Ice confirmed on an asteroid | magazine=Science News | url=http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/48174/title/Ice_confirmed_on_an_asteroid | access-date=9 October 2009 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20091012075224/http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/48174/title/Ice_confirmed_on_an_asteroid| archive-date= 12 October 2009 | url-status= live }}</ref> <ref name="DNA"> {{cite web |title=DNA building blocks can be made in space, NASA evidence suggests |date=9 August 2011 |website=[[ScienceDaily]] |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/08/110808220659.htm |access-date=9 August 2011 }}</ref> <ref name="GIZ-20180621"> {{cite news |last=Mandelbaum |first=Ryan F. |date=21 June 2018 |title=America isn't ready to handle a catastrophic asteroid impact, new report warns |website=[[Gizmodo]] |url=https://gizmodo.com/america-isnt-ready-to-handle-a-catastrophic-asteroid-im-1827014709 |access-date=22 June 2018 }}</ref> <ref name=Gould-1852> {{cite journal |last=Gould |first=B.A. |author-link=Benjamin Apthorp Gould |date=1852 |title=On the symbolic notation of the asteroids |journal=Astronomical Journal |volume=2 |page=80 |doi=10.1086/100212 |doi-access=free |bibcode=1852AJ......2...80G |bibcode-access=free }}</ref> <ref name=Hilton-2011-a> {{cite web |first=James L. |last=Hilton |author-link=James L. Hilton |title=When did the asteroids become minor planets? |publisher=Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command |department=U.S. Naval Observatory |place=Washington, DC |url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astronomical-applications/astronomical-information-center/minor-planets |access-date=6 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406222551/http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astronomical-applications/astronomical-information-center/minor-planets/ |archive-date=6 April 2012 }}</ref> <ref name=Hubble-Vespa-1995-04-19> {{cite press release |title=Asteroid or mini-planet? Hubble maps the ancient surface of Vesta |series=News Center / Release Images |date=19 April 1995 |publisher=Space Telescope Science Institute |website=HubbleSite |url=http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/1995/20/image/ |access-date=27 January 2015 }}</ref> <ref name=IAU-2006> {{cite press release |title=The final IAU resolution on the definition of "planet" ready for voting |date=24 August 2006 |publisher=International Astronomical Union |url=http://www.iau.org/news/pressreleases/detail/iau0602/ |access-date=2 March 2007 }}</ref> <ref name=Icarus-1983-v56-p398> {{cite journal |last1=Larson |first1= H.P. |last2=Feierberg |first2= M.A. |last3=Lebofsky |first3= L.A. |name-list-style=amp |date=1983 |title=The composition of asteroid 2 Pallas and its relation to primitive meteorites |journal=Icarus |volume=56 |issue=3 |page=398 |bibcode=1983Icar...56..398L |doi=10.1016/0019-1035(83)90161-6 }}</ref> <ref name=Icarus-2002-156-p202> {{cite journal |last1=Barucci |first1= M.A. |display-authors=etal |year=2002 |title=10 Hygiea: ISO Infrared Observations |journal=Icarus |volume=156 |issue=1 |pages=202–210 |bibcode=2002Icar..156..202B |doi=10.1006/icar.2001.6775 |url=http://www.lesia.obspm.fr/~crovisier/biblio/preprint/bar02_icarus.pdf |url-status=dead |access-date=21 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071128200223/http://www.lesia.obspm.fr/~crovisier/biblio/preprint/bar02_icarus.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2007 }}</ref> <ref name=Icarus-2007-v191-p616> {{cite journal |first1=A.R. |last1=Conrad |first2=C. |last2=Dumas |first3=W.J. |last3=Merline |first4=J.D. |last4=Drummonf |first5=R.D. |last5=Campbell |first6=R.W. |last6=Goodrich |first7=D. |last7=Le Mignant |first8=F.H. |last8=Chaffee |first9=T. |last9=Fusco |first10=S.H. |last10=Kwok |first11=R.I. |last11=Knight |display-authors=6 |year=2007 |title=Direct measurement of the size, shape, and pole of 511 Davida with Keck AO in a single night |journal=Icarus |volume=191 |issue=2 |pages=616–627 |bibcode=2007Icar..191..616C |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2007.05.004 |url=http://www2.keck.hawaii.edu/inst/people/conrad/research/pub/d511.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811073647/http://www2.keck.hawaii.edu/inst/people/conrad/research/pub/d511.pdf |archive-date=11 August 2007 }}</ref> <ref name=Icarus-2011-02-p1022> {{cite journal |first1=P. |last1=Descamps |first2=F. |last2=Marchis |first3=J. |last3=Berthier |first4=J.P. |last4=Emery |first5=G. |last5=Duchêne |first6=I. |last6=de Pater |first7=M.H. |last7=Wong |first8=L. |last8=Lim |first9=H.B. |last9=Hammel |first10=F. |last10=Vachier |first11=P. |last11=Wiggins |first12=J.-P. |last12=Teng-Chuen-Yu |first13=A. |last13=Peyrot |first14=J. |last14=Pollock |first15=M. |last15=Assafin |first16=R. |last16=Vieira-Martinsa |first17=J.I.B. |last17=Camargoi |first18=F. |last18=Braga-Ribas |first19=B. |last19=Macomberk |display-authors=6 |date=February 2011 |title=Triplicity and physical characteristics of asteroid (216) Kleopatra |journal=Icarus |volume=211 |issue=2 |pages=1022–1033 |arxiv=1011.5263 |bibcode=2011Icar..211.1022D |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.016 |s2cid=119286272 }}</ref> <ref name="ICARUS-220180522"> {{cite journal |last=Myhrvold |first=Nathan |author-link=Nathan Myhrvold |title=An empirical examination of WISE/NEOWISE asteroid analysis and results |date=22 May 2018 |journal=[[Icarus (journal)|Icarus]] |volume=314 |pages=64–97 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2018.05.004 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2018Icar..314...64M }}</ref> <ref name="JewittEtal2004"> {{cite book |last1=Jewitt |first1=David C. |last2=Sheppard |first2=Scott |last3=Porco |first3=Carolyn |year=2004 |chapter=Jupiter's outer satellites and Trojans |chapter-url=http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/pub/Sheppard04JupChapter.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/pub/Sheppard04JupChapter.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |editor1=Bagenal, Fran |editor2=Dowling, Timothy E. |editor3=McKinnon, William B. |title=Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref> <ref name="KüppersO'Rourke2014"> {{cite journal |last1=Küppers |first1=Michael |last2=O'Rourke |first2=Laurence |last3=Bockelée-Morvan |first3=Dominique |author3-link=Dominique Bockelée-Morvan|last4=Zakharov |first4=Vladimir |last5=Lee |first5=Seungwon |last6=von Allmen |first6=Paul |last7=Carry |first7=Benoît |last8=Teyssier |first8=David |last9=Marston |first9=Anthony |last10=Müller |first10=Thomas |last11=Crovisier |first11=Jacques |last12=Barucci |first12=M. 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