Editing Yale University (section)

====Naming and development====
[[File:Yale family chrest.jpg|thumb|upright=.8|Coat of arms of the family of [[Elihu Yale]], after whom the university was named in 1718]]

In 1718, at the behest of either Rector [[Samuel Andrew]] or the colony's Governor [[Gurdon Saltonstall]], [[Cotton Mather]] contacted the Boston-born businessman [[Elihu Yale]] to ask for money to construct a new building for the college. Through the persuasion of [[Jeremiah Dummer]], Yale, who had made a fortune in [[Chennai|Madras]] while working for the [[East India Company]] as the first president of [[Fort St. George]], donated nine bales of goods, which were sold for more than £560, a substantial sum of money. Cotton Mather suggested the school change its name to "Yale College".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Love |first=Henry Davison |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4506718&view=1up&seq=535&q1=yale |title=Indian Records Series Vestiges of Old Madras 1640–1800 |publisher=[[John Murray (publishing house)|John Murray]] |year=1913 |volume=1 |location=London |pages=491}}</ref> The name Yale is the Anglicized spelling of the [[Welsh (language)|Welsh]] name [[Iâl]], which had been used for the family estate at Plas yn Iâl, near [[Llandegla]], Wales.

Meanwhile, a Harvard graduate working in England convinced 180 prominent intellectuals to donate books to Yale. The 1714 shipment of 500 books represented the best of modern English literature, science, philosophy and theology.<ref>{{cite book |last=Oviatt |first=Edwin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JKJLAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA298 |title=The Beginnings of Yale (1701–1726) |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=1916 |location=[[New Haven]] |pages=298–302 |access-date=November 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160723033400/https://books.google.com/books?id=JKJLAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA298 |archive-date=July 23, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> It had a profound effect on intellectuals at Yale. Undergraduate [[Jonathan Edwards (theologian)|Jonathan Edwards]] discovered [[John Locke]]'s works and developed his "[[new divinity]]". In 1722 the rector and six friends, who had a study group to discuss the new ideas, announced they had given up [[Calvinism]], become [[Arminianism|Arminians]], and joined the [[Church of England]]. They were ordained in England and returned to the colonies as missionaries for the [[Anglican]] faith. [[Thomas Clapp]] became president in 1745, and while he attempted to return the college to Calvinist orthodoxy, did not close the library. Other students found [[Deist]] books in the library.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Morgan|first=Edmund S.|title=American Heroes: Profiles of Men and Women Who Shaped Early America|publisher=[[W. W. Norton & Company]]|year=2009|isbn=978-0-393-07010-1|location=[[New York City|New York]]|pages=26–32}}</ref>