Editing Xerox (section)

===1960s===
[[Image:Kaarle-Sorkio-1965.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.8|Xerox copying scene at a commercial conference in Finland, 1965]]
In the 1960s, Xerox held a dominant position in the [[photocopier]] market.<ref>{{cite news
|newspaper=The New York Times
|title=Jacob E. Goldman, Founder of Xerox Lab, Dies at 90
|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/22/business/jacob-e-goldman-founder-of-xerox-lab-dies-at-90.html
|date=December 21, 2011
|quote=In the late 1960s, Xerox, then the dominant manufacturer of office copiers ...
|access-date=November 13, 2018
|archive-date=July 3, 2019
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703060024/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/22/business/jacob-e-goldman-founder-of-xerox-lab-dies-at-90.html
|url-status=live
}}</ref> In 1960, a xerography research facility called the Wilson Center for Research and Technology was opened in [[Webster (town), New York|Webster, New York]]. In 1961, the company changed its name to Xerox Corporation.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/08/business/media/08adco.html|title=Xerox Hopes Its New Logo Doesn't Say 'Copier'|last=Deutsch|first=Claudia H.|date=2008-01-08|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-10-04|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=March 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301092639/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/08/business/media/08adco.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Xerox common stock (XRX) was listed on the [[New York Stock Exchange]] in 1961<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=https://www.investors.com/news/management/leaders-and-success/copy-his-success-joe-wilson-concentrated-on-innovation-making-xerox-a-winner/|title=Copy His Success: Joe Wilson Zeroed In On Innovation At Xerox|last=Saito-Chung|first=David|date=18 April 2016|website=Investor's Business Daily|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803210654/http://www.investors.com/news/management/leaders-and-success/copy-his-success-joe-wilson-concentrated-on-innovation-making-xerox-a-winner/|archive-date=August 3, 2016}}</ref> and on the [[Chicago Stock Exchange]] in 1990.

In 1963, Xerox introduced the Xerox 813, the first desktop plain-paper copier, realizing Carlson's vision of a copier that could fit on anyone's office desk. Ten years later, in 1973, a basic, analogue, color copier, based on the 914, followed. The 914 itself was gradually sped up to become the 420 and 720. The 813 was similarly developed into the 330 and 660 products and, eventually, also the 740 desktop microfiche printer.{{Needs citation|date=June 2024}}

Xerox's first foray into duplicating, as distinct from copying, was with the Xerox 2400, introduced in 1966. The model number denoted the number of prints produced in an hour. Although not as fast as [[offset printing]], this machine introduced the industry's first automatic document feeder, paper slitter and perforator, and collator (sorter). This product was soon sped up by fifty percent to become the Xerox 3600 Duplicator.{{Needs citation|date=June 2024}}

Meanwhile, a small lab team was borrowing copiers and modifying them. The lab was developing what it called long distance xerography (LDX) to connect a modified 813 copier to a CRT based scanner using a special service (TELPAK) of the public telephone network, so that a document scanned on one machine would print out on the other. The LDX system was introduced in 1964, followed in 1966 by the Magnafax Telecopier, a much smaller, slower and less expensive version that acoustically coupled to a desk phone. However, [[Fax|fax machines]] would not become a truly mainstream device until the 1980s.{{Needs citation|date=June 2024}}

In 1968, [[Charles Peter McColough|C. Peter McColough]], a longtime executive of Haloid and Xerox, became Xerox's CEO.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/18/technology/18mccolough.html|title=C. Peter McColough, 86, Dies; Led Xerox to Prominence in 13 Years as Chief|last=Siklos|first=Richard|date=2006-12-18|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-10-04|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 30, 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130130180003/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/18/technology/18mccolough.html?_r=0|url-status=live}}</ref> The same year, the company consolidated its headquarters at Xerox Square in downtown [[Rochester, New York]], with its 30-story [[Xerox Tower]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://13wham.com/news/local/xerox-leaving-downtown-rochester-relocating-hundreds-to-webster|title=Xerox leaving downtown Rochester, relocating hundreds to Webster|last=WHAM|first=Carlet Cleare|date=2018-01-26|website=WHAM|access-date=2019-10-04|archive-date=June 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617065251/http://13wham.com/news/local/xerox-leaving-downtown-rochester-relocating-hundreds-to-webster|url-status=live}}</ref>

Xerox embarked on a series of acquisitions. It purchased [[University Microfilms International]] in 1962, Electro-Optical Systems in 1963,<ref name=Gale /> and [[R. R. Bowker]] in 1967. In 1969, Xerox acquired [[Scientific Data Systems]] (SDS),<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/07/22/archives/computer-making-will-end-at-xerox-844million-writeoff-is-taken-in.html|title=Computer Making Willend Atxerox|last=Barmash|first=Isadore|date=1975-07-22|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-10-04|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=October 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009163320/https://www.nytimes.com/1975/07/22/archives/computer-making-will-end-at-xerox-844million-writeoff-is-taken-in.html|url-status=live}}</ref> which it renamed the Xerox Data Systems (XDS) division and which produced the [[SDS Sigma series|Sigma]] line and its successor XDS 5xx series of [[mainframe computer]]s in the 1960s and 1970s. Xerox sold XDS to [[Honeywell]] in 1975.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1975-10-16 |title=HONEYWELL, XEROX REACH AGREEMENT |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/10/16/archives/honeywell-xerox-reach-agreement.html |access-date=2024-08-09 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed">
File:Xerox Tower.JPG|[[Xerox Tower]] in [[Rochester, New York]], served as headquarters from 1968 to 1969.
File:Xeroxheadquarters.jpg|[[Stamford, Connecticut]] served as headquarters from 1969 to 2007.
File:Xerox Henrietta facility.JPG|Former manufacturing facility in [[Henrietta, New York]], constructed in the 1960s and sold to [[Harris Corporation#RF Communications|Harris RF Communications]] in 2010
File:XeroxTower-DLighting.jpg|Xerox Canada Head Office at [[North American Life]] Centre (Xerox Tower), [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]
File:XeroxTrainingCenter2.jpg|Xerox Training Center
</gallery>