Editing Xenophobia (section)

===Ancient Europe===
{{main|Slavery in ancient Rome}}
An early example of xenophobic sentiment in [[Western culture]] is the [[Ancient Greece|Ancient Greek]] denigration of foreigners as "[[barbarian]]s", the belief that the [[Greeks|Greek people]] and [[Culture of Greece|culture]] were superior to all other peoples and [[culture]]s, and the subsequent conclusion that barbarians were naturally meant to be [[Slavery|enslaved]].<ref name="GreeksBarbarians">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z3VmQB99c5YC |title=Greeks and Barbarians |publisher=Taylor & Francis |author=Harrison, Thomas |year=2002 |page=3 |isbn=978-0-415-93959-1}}</ref>

[[Ancient Rome|Ancient Romans]] also held notions of superiority over other peoples.<ref name="Invention Racism">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jfylyRawl8EC |title=The Invention of Racism in Classical Antiquity |publisher=Princeton University Press |author=Isaac, Benjamin H. |year=2006 |page=317 |isbn=978-0-691-12598-5}}</ref> such as in a speech attributed to [[Manius Acilius Glabrio (consul 191 BC)|Manius Acilius]]:
{{blockquote|There, as you know, there were Macedonians and Thracians and Illyrians, all most warlike nations, here Syrians and Asiatic Greeks, the most worthless peoples among mankind and born for slavery.<ref name="Invention Racism" />}}
[[File:Anti-Immigrant Xenophobia.png|thumb|A global index of anti-immigrant xenophobia based on https://doi.org/10.1080/21565503.2022.2097097]]
Black Africans were considered especially exotic, and perhaps they were considered threateningly alien, so they are seldom if ever mentioned in Roman literature without some negative connotations. The historian [[Appian]] claims that the military commander [[Marcus Junius Brutus]], before the [[battle of Philippi]] in 42BC, met an 'Ethiopian' outside the gates of his camp: his soldiers instantly hacked the man to pieces, taking his appearance for a bad omen—to the superstitious Roman, black was the colour of death."<ref>{{cite book |last1=of Alexandria |first1=Appian |title=The Civil Wars |page=4.17}}</ref>