Editing Vitiligo (section)

=== Autoimmune associations ===
Vitiligo is sometimes associated with [[autoimmune]] and [[inflammatory disease]]s such as [[Hashimoto's thyroiditis]], [[scleroderma]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[type 1 diabetes mellitus]], [[psoriasis]], [[Addison's disease]], [[pernicious anemia]], [[alopecia areata]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], and [[celiac disease]].<ref name=Lancet2016/><ref name=VanDriesscheSilverberg2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Van Driessche F, Silverberg N | title = Current Management of Pediatric Vitiligo | journal = Paediatric Drugs | volume = 17 | issue = 4 | pages = 303–313 | date = August 2015 | pmid = 26022363 | doi = 10.1007/s40272-015-0135-3 | type = Review | s2cid = 20038695 }}</ref>

Among the inflammatory products of [[NLRP1]] are [[caspase 1]] and [[caspase 7]], which activate the inflammatory [[cytokine]] [[Interleukin-1 beta|interleukin-1β]]. Interleukin-1β and [[interleukin-18]] are expressed at high levels in people with vitiligo.<ref name=LamkanfiVandeWalle2011>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lamkanfi M, Vande Walle L, Kanneganti TD | title = Deregulated inflammasome signaling in disease | journal = Immunological Reviews | volume = 243 | issue = 1 | pages = 163–173 | date = September 2011 | pmid = 21884175 | pmc = 3170132 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01042.x | type = Review }}</ref> In one of the mutations, the [[amino acid]] leucine in the NALP1 protein was replaced by [[histidine]] (Leu155&nbsp;→&nbsp;His). The original protein and sequence is highly [[Conserved sequence|conserved in evolution]], and is found in humans, [[Common chimpanzee|chimpanzees]], [[Rhesus macaque|rhesus monkeys]], and [[Galago|bush babies]]. [[Addison's disease]] (typically an autoimmune destruction of the [[adrenal gland]]s) may also be seen in individuals with vitiligo.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gregersen PK | title = Modern genetics, ancient defenses, and potential therapies | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 356 | issue = 12 | pages = 1263–1266 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17377166 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMe078017 }}</ref><ref name=NALP2>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jin Y, Mailloux CM, Gowan K, Riccardi SL, LaBerge G, Bennett DC, Fain PR, Spritz RA | title = NALP1 in vitiligo-associated multiple autoimmune disease | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 356 | issue = 12 | pages = 1216–1225 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17377159 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa061592 | url = http://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/111251/1/nejmoa061592.pdf | access-date = 16 December 2019 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200306115942/http://openaccess.sgul.ac.uk/111251/1/nejmoa061592.pdf | archive-date = 6 March 2020 }}</ref>