Editing Vitamin (section)

===Nobel Prizes for vitamin research===
The Nobel Prize for Chemistry for 1928 was awarded to [[Adolf Windaus]] "for his studies on the constitution of the sterols and their connection with vitamins", the first person to receive an award mentioning vitamins, even though it was not specifically about vitamin D.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wolf G | title = The discovery of vitamin D: the contribution of Adolf Windaus | journal = The Journal of Nutrition | volume = 134 | issue = 6 | pages = 1299–1302 | date = June 2004 | pmid = 15173387 | doi = 10.1093/jn/134.6.1299 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

The [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] for 1929 was awarded to Christiaan Eijkman and [[Frederick Gowland Hopkins]] for their contributions to the discovery of vitamins. Thirty-five years earlier, Eijkman had observed that chickens fed polished white rice developed neurological symptoms similar to those observed in military sailors and soldiers fed a rice-based diet, and that the symptoms were reversed when the chickens were switched to whole-grain rice. He called this "the anti-beriberi factor", which was later identified as vitamin B<sub>1</sub>, thiamine.<ref name=Carpenter>{{cite web | vauthors = Carpenter K |title = The Nobel Prize and the Discovery of Vitamins |url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/articles/carpenter/index.html |publisher = Nobelprize.org |date = 22 June 2004 |access-date = 5 October 2009}}</ref>

In 1930, [[Paul Karrer]] elucidated the correct structure for [[beta-carotene]], the main precursor of vitamin A, and identified other [[carotenoids]]. Karrer and [[Norman Haworth]] confirmed Albert Szent-Györgyi's discovery of [[ascorbic acid]] and made significant contributions to the chemistry of [[flavins]], which led to the identification of [[lactoflavin]]. For their investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B<sub>2</sub>, they both received the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] in 1937.<ref name="Karrer">{{cite web|website=Nobelprize.org|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1937/karrer-bio.html|title=Paul Karrer-Biographical|access-date=8 January 2013}}</ref>

In 1931, [[Albert Szent-Györgyi]] and a fellow researcher [[Joseph Svirbely]] suspected that "hexuronic acid" was actually [[vitamin C]], and gave a sample to [[Charles Glen King]], who proved its activity counter to scurvy in his long-established [[guinea pig]] scorbutic assay. In 1937, Szent-Györgyi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. In 1943, [[Edward Adelbert Doisy]] and [[Henrik Dam]] were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of [[vitamin K]] and its chemical structure.

In 1938, [[Richard Kuhn]] was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on carotenoids and vitamins, specifically B<sub>2</sub> and B<sub>6</sub>.<ref name="Kuhn">{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1938/index.html|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1938|access-date=5 July 2018|website=Nobelprize.org}}</ref>

Five people have been awarded [[Nobel Prize]]s for direct and indirect studies of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>: [[George Whipple]], [[George Minot]] and [[William P. Murphy]] (1934), [[Alexander R. Todd]] (1957), and [[Dorothy Hodgkin]] (1964).<ref name=NobelPrizeRef>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/themes/medicine/carpenter/|title=The Nobel Prize and the Discovery of Vitamins|website=www.nobelprize.org|access-date=15 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116004953/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/themes/medicine/carpenter/|archive-date=16 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1967, [[George Wald]], [[Ragnar Granit]] and [[Haldan Keffer Hartline]] were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine  "...for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye." Wald's contribution was discovering the role vitamin A had in the process.<ref name= Carpenter/><ref name="nobel-1967">{{cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967|url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1967/index.html|publisher=Nobel Foundation|access-date=28 July 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204095703/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1967/index.html|archive-date=4 December 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>