Editing Vienna (section)

=== Middle Ages ===
Close ties with other Celtic peoples continued through the ages. The Irish monk [[Coloman of Stockerau|Saint Colman]] (or Koloman, Irish ''Colmán'', derived from ''colm'' "dove") is buried in Melk Abbey and [[Saint Fergil]] (Virgil the Geometer) served as Bishop of Salzburg for forty years. Irish Benedictines founded twelfth-century monastic settlements; evidence of these ties persists in the form of Vienna's great [[Schottenstift]] monastery (Scots Abbey), once home to many Irish monks.
In 976, [[Leopold I, Margrave of Austria|Leopold I of Babenberg]] became count of the [[Bavarian Ostmark|Eastern March]], a district centered on the Danube on the eastern frontier of [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]]. This initial district grew into the [[List of rulers of Austria|duchy of Austria]]. Each succeeding Babenberg ruler expanded the march east along the Danube, eventually encompassing Vienna and the lands immediately east. In 1155, [[Henry II, Duke of Austria]] moved the Babenberg family residence with the founding of the [[Schottenstift]] from [[Klosterneuburg]] in Lower Austria to Vienna.<ref name="y233">{{cite book |last1=Loinig |first1=Elisabeth |last2=Eminger |first2=Stefan |last3=Weigl |first3=Andreas |title=Wien und Niederösterreich - eine untrennbare Beziehung? |publisher=Verlag NÖ Institut für Landeskunde |publication-place=St. Pölten |date=2017 |isbn=978-3-903127-07-4 |language=de |page= }}</ref> From that time, Vienna remained the center of the Babenberg dynasty.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lingelbach |first=William E. |title=The History of Nations: Austria-Hungary |publisher=P. F. Collier & Son Company |location=New York |year=1913 |pages=91–92 |asin=B000L3E368 }}</ref> [[Hungary]] occupied the city between 1485 and 1490.[[File:Nuremberg chronicles f 098v99r 1.png|left|thumb|Depiction of Vienna in the ''[[Nuremberg Chronicle]]'', 1493]]Vienna became at the turn to the 16th century the seat of the [[Aulic Council]]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pihlajamäki |first1=Heikki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dg5jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT762 |title=The Oxford Handbook of European Legal History |last2=Dubber |first2=Markus D. |last3=Godfrey |first3=Mark |date=4 July 2018 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-1910-8838-4 |page=762 |access-date=6 February 2022 |language=en |archive-date=30 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930055612/https://books.google.com/books?id=dg5jDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT762#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> and subsequently later in the 16th century of the [[Habsburg]] emperors of the [[Holy Roman Empire]] with an interruption between at the turn to the 17th century until 1806, becoming an important center in the empire.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Schmitt |first=Oliver Jens |title=Herrschaft und Politik in Südosteuropa von 1300 bis 1800 |date=5 July 2021 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG |isbn=978-3-1107-4443-9 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=mV48EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT659 659] |language=de }}</ref>

In the 16th and 17th centuries, Christian forces twice stopped [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] armies outside Vienna, in the 1529 [[Siege of Vienna (1529)|siege of Vienna]] and the 1683 [[Battle of Vienna]]. The [[Great Plague of Vienna]] ravaged the city in 1679, killing nearly a third of its population.<ref>{{cite book |last=Spielman |first=John Philip |title=The city & the crown: Vienna and the imperial court, 1600–1740 |publisher=Purdue University Press |location=West Lafayette, Indiana |year=1993 |isbn=1-55753-021-1 |page=141 }}</ref>
[[File:Canaletto (I) 058.jpg|thumb|''Vienna from Belvedere,'' a 1758 portrait by [[Bernardo Bellotto]]]]