Editing Urinary incontinence (section)

=== Both ===
* Age is a risk factor that increases both the severity and prevalence of UI
* [[Polyuria]] (excessive urine production) of which, in turn, the most frequent causes are: uncontrolled [[diabetes mellitus]], [[primary polydipsia]] (excessive fluid [[drinking]]), [[central diabetes insipidus]] and [[nephrogenic diabetes insipidus]].<ref name="merck">{{cite web | vauthors = Maddukuri G | date = December 2022 | title = Pathophysiology of Polyuria | url = http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec17/ch226/ch226i.html | work = [[Merck Manual]] }}</ref> Polyuria generally causes [[urinary urgency]] and [[urinary frequency|frequency]], but does not necessarily lead to incontinence.
* Neurogenic disorders like [[multiple sclerosis]], [[spina bifida]], [[Parkinson's disease]], [[stroke]]s and [[spinal cord injury]] can all interfere with nerve function of the bladder.<ref name="Thomas_2019">{{cite journal | vauthors = Thomas LH, Coupe J, Cross LD, Tan AL, Watkins CL | title = Interventions for treating urinary incontinence after stroke in adults | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2019 | issue = 2 | pages = CD004462 | date = February 2019 | pmid = 30706461 | pmc = 6355973 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD004462.pub4 }}</ref> This can lead to [[neurogenic bladder dysfunction]]
* [[Overactive bladder|Overactive bladder syndrome]]. However, the etiology behind this is usually different between men and women, as mentioned above.
* Other suggested risk factors include [[smoking]], caffeine intake and [[Depression (mood)|depression]]