Editing UNIVAC I (section)

===Installations===
[[File:Univac I at Census Bureau with two operators.jpg|thumb|Univac I at Census Bureau with two operators c. 1960]]
The first contracts were with government agencies such as the [[United States Census Bureau|Census Bureau]], the [[United States Air Force|U.S. Air Force]], and the U.S. [[Army Map Service]].<ref name="Johnson, L.R. pp.32,42"/> Contracts were also signed by the [[ACNielsen|ACNielsen Company]], and the [[Prudential Financial|Prudential Insurance Company]]. Following the sale of Eckert–Mauchly Computer Corporation to Remington Rand in 1950, due to the cost overruns on the project, Remington Rand convinced Nielsen and Prudential to cancel their contracts.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}

The first sale, to the Census Bureau, was marked with a formal ceremony on March 31, 1951, at the Eckert–Mauchly Division's factory at 3747 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia. The machine was not actually shipped until the following December, because, as the sole fully set-up model, it was needed for demonstration purposes, and the company was apprehensive about the difficulties of dismantling, transporting, and reassembling the delicate machine.<ref>[http://purl.umn.edu/104288 UNIVAC conference], [[Charles Babbage Institute]], University of Minnesota.  171-page transcript of oral history with computer pioneers involved with the Univac computer, held on 17–18 May 1990, Washington DC.  The meeting involved 25 engineers, programmers, marketing representatives, and salesmen who were involved with the UNIVAC, as well as representatives from users such as General Electric, Arthur Andersen, and the U.S. Census.</ref> As a result, the first installation was with the second computer, delivered to the Pentagon in June 1952.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}

====UNIVAC installations, 1951–1954====
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Date
! Customer
! Comments
|-
| 1951
| [[U.S. Census Bureau]], Suitland, MD{{abbr}}
| Not shipped until 1952<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1951|title=Automatic Computing Machinery: News – UNIVAC Acceptance Tests|journal=Mathematics of Computation|language=en-US|volume=5|issue=35|pages=176–177|doi=10.1090/S0025-5718-51-99425-2|issn=0025-5718|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|date=1951|title=Automatic Computing Machinery: News – Eckert-Mauchly Division, Remington Rand Inc.|journal=Mathematics of Computation|language=en-US|volume=5|issue=36|pages=245|doi=10.1090/S0025-5718-51-99416-1|issn=0025-5718|doi-access=free}}</ref>
|-
| 1952
| [[U.S. Air Force]]
| [[The Pentagon|Pentagon]], Arlington, VA<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1952|title=Automatic Computing Machinery: News – UNIVAC Acceptance Tests|journal=Mathematics of Computation|language=en-US|volume=6|issue=38|pages=119|doi=10.1090/S0025-5718-52-99400-3|issn=0025-5718|doi-access=free}}</ref>
|-
| 1952
| [[National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency|U.S. Army Map Service]]
| Washington, DC.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1952|title=Automatic Computing Machinery: News – UNIVAC Acceptance Tests|journal=Mathematics of Computation|language=en-US|volume=6|issue=40|pages=247|doi=10.1090/S0025-5718-52-99384-8|issn=0025-5718|doi-access=free}}</ref> Operated at factory April–September 1952
|-
| 1953
| [[New York University]] (for the Atomic Energy Commission)
| New York, NY<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|date=July 1953 |title=1. UNIVAC|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/onr/Digital_Computer_Newsletter/|journal=Digital Computer Newsletter|language=en|volume=5|issue=3|pages=2}}</ref>
|-
| 1953
| [[United States Atomic Energy Commission|Atomic Energy Commission]]
| Livermore, CA
|-
| 1953
| [[U.S. Navy]]
| [[David Taylor Model Basin|David W. Taylor Model Basin]], Bethesda, MD<ref name=":0" />
|-
| 1954
| [[Remington Rand]]
| Sales office, New York, NY
|-
| 1954
| [[General Electric]]
| Appliance Division, Louisville, KY. First business sale.<ref>{{cite journal|title=THE UNIVAC|journal=Digital Computer Newsletter|date=Apr 1954|volume=6|issue=1|page=2|url=http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0694611|language=en}}{{dead link|date=June 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| 1954
| [[Metropolitan Life]]
| New York, NY<ref>{{cite journal|title=7. UNIVAC|journal=Digital Computer Newsletter|date=Jul 1954|volume=6|issue=3|pages=4–5|url=http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0694613|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628180450/https://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0694613|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 28, 2024|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 1954
| [[U.S. Air Force]]
| [[Wright-Patterson AFB]], Dayton, OH
|-
| 1954
| [[U.S. Steel]]
| Pittsburgh, PA
|-
| 1954
| [[DuPont (1802–2017)|Du Pont]]
| Wilmington, DE
|-
| 1954
| [[U.S. Steel]]
| Gary, IN
|-
| 1954
| [[Franklin Life Insurance]]
| Springfield, IL<ref>{{cite journal|title=2. The UNIVAC|journal=Digital Computer Newsletter|date=Jan 1954|volume=6|issue=2|page=2|url=http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/AD0694612|language=en}}{{dead link|date=June 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| 1954
| [[Westinghouse Electric (1886)|Westinghouse]]
| Pittsburgh, PA
|-
| 1954
| [[Pacific Life|Pacific Mutual Life Insurance]]
| Los Angeles, CA
|-
| 1954
| [[Sylvania Electric Products|Sylvania Electric]]
| New York, NY
|-
| 1954
| [[Consolidated Edison]]
| New York, NY<ref>Ceruzzi, Paul E. ''A history of modern computing'', MIT, 1998. The source notes that the list is compiled from a number of sources and does not include UNIVACs that were completed not delivered in the period 1951–54. In some cases the dates are approximate. Depending on the definition of "installed" the order may be slightly different.</ref>
|}

Originally priced at [[United States dollar|US$]]159,000, the UNIVAC I rose in price until they were between $1,250,000 and $1,500,000. A total of 46 systems were eventually built and delivered.{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}

The UNIVAC I was too expensive for most universities, and Sperry Rand, unlike companies such as [[IBM]], was not strong enough financially to afford to give many away. However, Sperry Rand donated UNIVAC I systems to [[Harvard University]] (1956), the [[University of Pennsylvania]] (1957), and [[Case Institute of Technology]] in [[Cleveland, Ohio]] (1957). The UNIVAC I at Case was still operable in 1965 but had been supplanted by a [[UNIVAC 1107]].{{citation needed|date=July 2022}}

A few UNIVAC I systems stayed in service long after they were made obsolete by advancing technology. The Census Bureau used its two systems until 1963, amounting to 12 and 9 years of service, respectively. Sperry Rand itself used two systems in [[Buffalo, New York]] until 1968. The insurance company [[Life and Casualty Insurance Company of Tennessee|Life and Casualty of Tennessee]] used its system until 1970, totalling over 13 years of service.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gianforti |first=Adrian |date=2021-05-27 |title=Which was the First Commercially Available Digital Computer? |url=https://www.historyfactory.com/insights/this-month-in-business-history-the-first-commercial-computer/ |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=History Factory |language=en-US}}</ref>