Editing Tychy (section)

===World War II===
[[File:Tychy - lipiec 2012 1.JPG|thumb|190px|Memorial to Poles murdered by the Germans in the last public execution in Tychy on September 22, 1944]]
Along with the rest of industrial Upper Silesia Tychy was [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|occupied]] by [[Nazi Germany]] forces after the [[invasion of Poland]] and annexed into the Third Reich,<ref>^ Cienciala, Anna M. (2004). [http://web.ku.edu/~eceurope/hist557/lect16.htm "The Coming of the War and Eastern Europe in World War II"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801010755/http://web.ku.edu/~eceurope/hist557/lect16.htm |date=2012-08-01 }} University of Kansas. Retrieved on 2009-07-03</ref> while many of its inhabitants who were not [[Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany|expelled]] or [[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation|exterminated]] were forced to change their nationality to German in order to comply with the [[Racial policy of Nazi Germany|racist policies of Nazi Germany]].<ref>Kamusella, T. (1999) [http://rss.archives.ceu.hu/archive/00001016/01/17.pdf The Dynamics of the Policies of Ethnic Cleansing in Silesia in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170224234905/http://rss.archives.ceu.hu/archive/00001016/01/17.pdf |date=2017-02-24 }} p. 381 Open Society Institute. Retrieved 2009-07-03</ref> Mass arrests and executions of Polish activists and former [[Silesian Uprisings|Polish insurgents]] of 1919–1921 were carried out in the first days of the occupation in September 1939.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2009|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|page=131}}</ref> As early as September 3, 1939, the Germans murdered several Polish residents of the city, of whom 13 were later identified, the youngest was 16 years old.<ref>Wardzyńska, p. 133</ref> The Germans also carried out manhunts of Polish insurgents who were hiding in the forest between Tychy and [[Mikołów]],<ref>Wardzyńska, p. 119</ref> and established and operated a ''[[Polenlager]]'' [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labor]] camp for Poles in the city,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=100000888|title=Polenlager Tichau|website=Bundesarchiv.de|accessdate=3 June 2021|language=de}}</ref> and the E701 labor subcamp of the [[Stalag VIII-B|Stalag VIII-B/344]] [[German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II|prisoner-of-war camp]] in the present-day Czułów district.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lamsdorf.com/working-parties.html|title=Working Parties|website=Lamsdorf: Stalag VIIIB 344 Prisoner of War Camp 1940 - 1945|access-date=14 March 2020|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120001548/https://www.lamsdorf.com/working-parties.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The last public execution was carried out on September 22, 1944, when five members of the [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|underground Polish resistance movement]] were killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://umtychy.pl/102871-tychy-pomnik-ofiar-hitlerowcow-22091944|title=Pomnik ofiar hitlerowców 22.09.1944.|website=UMTychy.pl|access-date=14 March 2020|language=pl}}</ref> Tychy received minimal damage during the invasion because most of the nearby fighting took place in the [[Mikołów]]-[[Wyry]] area.<ref name="History of Tychy"/> In the final stages of the war, in 1945, a German-conducted [[Death marches during the Holocaust|death march]] of thousands of prisoners of the [[Auschwitz concentration camp]] and its [[List of subcamps of Auschwitz|subcamps]] passed through the city towards [[Gliwice]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://subcamps-auschwitz.org/death-marches/|title=The Death Marches|website=Sub Camps of Auschwitz|accessdate=27 June 2021}}</ref>

Tychy was liberated on January 28, 1945.<ref name=ety>{{cite web|url=https://www.etychy.org/historia-tychow|title=Historia Tychów|website=eTychy.org|access-date=14 March 2020|language=pl}}</ref>