Editing Timeline of computing 1980–1989 (section)

==1983==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Date
! Location
! class="unsortable" | Event
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2"| January 
| US
| [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] introduced its [[Apple Lisa|Lisa]]. The first mass market personal computer with a [[graphical user interface]], its development was central in the move to such systems for personal computers. The Lisa's sloth and high price ($10,000) led to its ultimate failure. The Lisa ran on a [[Motorola 68000]] microprocessor and came equipped with 1 MB of RAM, a 12-inch black-and-white monitor, dual 5¼" [[floppy disk]] drives and a 5 [[megabyte|MB]] Profile hard drive. The [[Xerox Star]]{{snd}}which included a system called [[Smalltalk]] that involved a mouse, windows, and pop-up menus{{snd}}inspired the Lisa's designers.
|- valign="top"
| US<br>[[Europe]]
| IBM PC gets European launch at Which Computer Show.
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="3"| March
| US
| [[IBM XT]] released, similar to the original [[IBM PC]] but with a hard drive. It had a 10 MB hard disk, 128 KB of RAM, one floppy drive, mono monitor and a printer, all for $5000.
|- valign="top"
| US
| [[Compaq Portable]] released, the first IBM PC compatible machine released with an IBM PC compatible BIOS written from scratch.
|- valign="top"
| US
| MS-DOS 2.0, PC DOS 2.0<br>
Introduced with the IBM XT, this version included a [[Unix]] style hierarchical sub-directory structure, and altered the way in which programs could load and access files on the disk.
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2"| May
| US
| [[Thinking Machines Corporation]] formed.
|- valign="top"
| US
| MS-DOS 2.01
|- valign="top"
| September
| US
| [[Richard Stallman]] announces the [[GNU Project]], to create a [[free software]] alternative to [[proprietary software|proprietary]] [[Unix]]es, on [[Usenet]]. He works towards this goal over the next years, but GNU's own kernel, the [[GNU Hurd]], is delayed indefinitely and GNU only becomes a complete usable alternative to Unix with the creation of the [[Linux kernel]] in 1991.
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2"| October
| US
| IBM released the [[IBM PCjr]] in an attempt to get further into the home market; it cost just $699. Cheaper alternatives from other companies were preferred by the home buyer, but businesses continued to buy IBM.

[[PC DOS]] 2.1 (for PCjr). Like the PCjr this was not a great success and quickly disappeared from the market.

MS-DOS 2.11, MS-DOS 2.25. Version 2.25 included support for foreign character sets, and was marketed in the Far East.
|- valign="top"
| US
| [[Microsoft Word]] software released.<ref name=ford2014>{{citation |title=The Great Works of Software |author=Paul Ford |date=April 2014 |url=https://medium.com/message/the-great-works-of-software-705b87339971 |via= [[Medium (publishing platform)|Medium]] }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|rowspan="2"| November
| US
| [[Domain Name System]] (DNS) introduced to the Internet, which then consisted of about 1000 hosts. [http://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc881.txt RFC 881] (now obsoleted by subsequent revisions)

Microsoft Windows is announced.
|- valign="top"
| US
| [[Turbo Pascal]] introduced by [[Borland]].
|- valign="top"
| December
| [[Serbia]]
| Detailed schematic diagrams for build-it-yourself computer [[Galaksija (computer)|Galaksija]] released in [[Belgrade]]. Thousands were soon assembled by computer enthusiasts.
|- valign="top"
| 1983
| US
| [[Borland]] formed.
|- valign="top"
| 1983
| Japan
| [[Epson QX-10]] released; first Japanese computer sold in the US.<ref>
"The Quintessential Computer? Epson's QX-10 hits the high-end market."
by Jim Hansen.
"Microcomputing" magazine 1983 April
</ref>
|- valign="top"
| ?
| US
| [[Lotus 1-2-3]] spreadsheet software launched.<ref name=null2007>{{citation |url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/130207/article.html?page=0 |date=April 2007 |work= [[PC World]] |location=USA |title=50 Best Tech Products of All Time |author=[[Christopher Null]] }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
| ?
| [[Italy]]
| [[Olivetti M24]] was put on sale. This personal computer had good success and was later rebranded by [[AT&T]].
|}