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==Professional career== {{main|Professional golf career of Tiger Woods}} [[File:TigerWoods1997.jpg|left|thumb|upright|Woods in 1997]] Woods turned [[Professional golfer|professional]] at age 20 in August 1996 and immediately signed [[Testimonial|advertising deals]] with [[Nike, Inc.]] and [[Titleist]] that ranked as the most lucrative endorsement [[contract]]s in golf history at that time.<ref name="10Years1">{{cite web |title=10 Years of Tiger Woods Part 1 |work=Golf Digest |first=Ron |last=Sirak |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/golf/features/tigerwoods/index |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901221542/http://sports.espn.go.com/golf/features/tigerwoods/index |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 1, 2006 |access-date=May 21, 2007}}</ref><ref name="Hello">{{cite web|title=Golf's first Billion-Dollar Man |work=Golf Digest |first=Ron |last=Sirak |url=http://www.golfdigest.com/features/index.ssf?/features/gd200602top50.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513225510/http://www.golfdigest.com/features/index.ssf?%2Ffeatures%2Fgd200602top50.html |archive-date=May 13, 2007 |access-date=May 12, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Woods was named ''[[Sports Illustrated]]''{{'}}s 1996 [[Sports Illustrated Sportsperson of the Year|Sportsman of the Year]] and [[PGA Tour Rookie of the Year]].<ref name="SI1996">{{cite magazine |title=1996: Tiger Woods |magazine=Sports Illustrated |first=Rick |last=Reilly |date=December 23, 1996 |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/features/2000/sportsman/1996/ |access-date=May 13, 2007 |archive-date=April 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422162937/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/features/2000/sportsman/1996/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> On April 13, 1997, he won his first [[Men's major golf championships|major]], [[1997 Masters Tournament|the Masters]], in record-breaking fashion and became the tournament's youngest winner at age 21.<ref name="10Years2">{{cite web |title=10 Years of Tiger Woods Part 2 |work=Golf Digest |first=Ron |last=Sirak |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/golf/features/tigerwoods/index?part=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210185254/http://sports.espn.go.com/golf/features/tigerwoods/index?part=2 |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 10, 2008 |access-date=May 21, 2007}}</ref> Two months later, he set the record for the fastest ascent to No. 1 in the [[Official World Golf Ranking]].<ref name="No.1">{{cite news|title = Woods scoops world rankings award|work=BBC Sport |date =March 15, 2006|url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/golf/4811212.stm |access-date =May 12, 2007 |location=London}}</ref> After a lackluster 1998, Woods finished the 1999 season with eight wins, including the [[1999 PGA Championship|PGA Championship]], a feat not achieved since [[Johnny Miller]] did it in 1974.<ref name="Truth">{{cite web|title=The Truth about Tiger |work=Golf Digest |first=Jaime |last=Diaz |url=http://www.golfdigest.com/features/index.ssf?/features/gd200501tigerdiaz1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070415073152/http://www.golfdigest.com/features/index.ssf?%2Ffeatures%2Fgd200501tigerdiaz1.html |archive-date=April 15, 2007 |access-date=May 12, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="PGAPOY">{{cite news |title=Woods is PGA Tour player of year |newspaper=[[The Topeka Capital-Journal]] |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.cjonline.com/stories/120199/spo_tiger01.shtml |access-date=May 10, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100403065030/http://cjonline.com/stories/120199/spo_tiger01.shtml |archive-date=April 3, 2010}}</ref> Woods was severely myopic; his eyesight had a rating of 11 [[Dioptre|diopters]]. In order to correct this problem, he underwent successful [[Refractive surgery|laser eye surgery]] in 1999,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.golftoday.co.uk/news/yeartodate/news_07/tiger_woods_30.html |title=Tiger Woods undergoes second laser eye surgery |work=Golf Today |date=May 15, 2007 |access-date=June 19, 2012 |archive-date=May 16, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516181515/http://golftoday.co.uk/news/yeartodate/news_07/tiger_woods_30.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and he immediately resumed winning tour events. In 2007, his vision again began to deteriorate, and he underwent laser eye surgery a second time.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.golf.com/ap-news/woods-has-second-laser-eye-surgery |title=Woods has second laser eye surgery |magazine=Golf Magazine |date=May 15, 2007 |access-date=June 19, 2012}}</ref> In 2000, Woods won six consecutive events on the PGA Tour, which was the longest winning streak since [[Ben Hogan]] did it in 1948. One of these was the [[2000 U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]], where he broke or tied nine tournament records in what ''Sports Illustrated'' called "the greatest performance in golf history", in which Woods won the tournament by a record 15-stroke margin and earned a check for $800,000.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Open and Shut |first=John |last=Garrity |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2005/golf/specials/tiger/2005/06/09/tiger.2000usopen/index.html |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=June 26, 2000 |access-date=August 15, 2007 |archive-date=June 22, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622051915/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2005/golf/specials/tiger/2005/06/09/tiger.2000usopen/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> At age 24, he became the youngest golfer to achieve the Career [[Grand Slam (golf)|Grand Slam]].<ref name="10Years3">{{cite web |title=10 Years of Tiger Woods Part 3 |work=Golf Digest |first=Ron |last=Sirak |url=http://sports.espn.go.com/golf/features/tigerwoods/index?part=3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210212400/http://sports.espn.go.com/golf/features/tigerwoods/index?part=3 |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 10, 2008 |access-date=May 21, 2007}}</ref> At the end of 2000, Woods had won nine of the twenty PGA Tour events he entered and had broken the record for lowest scoring average in tour history. He was named the ''Sports Illustrated'' Sportsman of the Year, the only athlete to be honored twice, and was ranked by Golf Digest magazine as the twelfth-best golfer of all time.<ref>*{{cite magazine |title=Tunnel Vision |magazine=Sports Illustrated |first=S.L. |last=Price |date=April 3, 2000 |ref=none |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/features/2000/sportsman/flashbacks/woods/tunnel_vision/ |access-date=May 13, 2007 |archive-date=June 22, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622051929/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/features/2000/sportsman/flashbacks/woods/tunnel_vision/ |url-status=dead }} *{{cite news |ref=none |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HFI/is_7_51/ai_63015233 |title=50 Greatest Golfers of All Time: And What They Taught Us |access-date=December 5, 2007 |last=Yocom |first=Guy |date=July 2000 |work=[[Golf Digest]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217174706/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0HFI/is_7_51/ai_63015233 |archive-date=December 17, 2007 }}</ref> [[File:TigerWoods2004RyderCup1.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Woods at the [[2004 Ryder Cup]]]] When Woods won the [[2001 Masters Tournament|2001 Masters]], he became the only player to win four consecutive major professional golf titles, although not in the same calendar year. This achievement came to be known as the "Tiger Slam".<ref>{{cite news|title=The remarkable drive of Tiger Woods|work=CNN|url=https://edition.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/people/shows/tiger/profile.html|access-date=March 27, 2012}}</ref> Following a stellar 2001 and 2002 in which he continued to dominate the tour, Woods's career hit a slump.<ref name="Truth"/><ref name="Swing">{{cite web|title=Woods is starting to own his swing |publisher=PGA Tour |first=Dave |last=Shedloski |date=July 27, 2006 |url=http://www.pgatour.com/story/9574086/ |access-date=May 12, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922060222/http://www.pgatour.com/story/9574086/ |archive-date=September 22, 2007}}</ref> He did not win a major in 2003 or 2004. In September 2004, [[Vijay Singh]] overtook Woods in the Official World Golf Rankings, ending Woods's record streak of 264 weeks at No. 1.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hard labor pays off for Singh |magazine=Sports Illustrated |agency=Reuters |date=September 7, 2004 |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/golf/09/07/bc.sport.golf.singh/ |access-date=May 10, 2009 |archive-date=November 13, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113014058/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/golf/09/07/bc.sport.golf.singh/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Woods rebounded in 2005, winning six PGA Tour events and reclaiming the top spot in July after swapping it back and forth with Singh over the first half of the year.<ref name="Doral05">{{cite magazine |title=A Rivalry is Reborn |magazine=Golf World |first=Bob |last=Verdi |url=http://www.golfdigest.com/newsandtour/index.ssf?/newsandtour/gw20050311doral.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070514223355/http://www.golfdigest.com/newsandtour/index.ssf?%2Fnewsandtour%2Fgw20050311doral.html |archive-date=May 14, 2007 |access-date=May 21, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Woods began dominantly in 2006, winning his first two PGA tournaments but failing to capture his fifth Masters championship in April.<ref> *{{cite magazine|last=Morfit |first=Cameron |title=Tiger Woods's Rivals Will Be Back. Eventually. |magazine=Golf Magazine |date=March 6, 2006 |url=http://www.golf.com/golf/tours_news/article/0,28136,1578436,00.html |access-date=May 11, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110919012621/http://www.golf.com/golf/tours_news/article/0%2C28136%2C1578436%2C00.html |archive-date=September 19, 2011|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Hack|first=Damon|title=Golf: Notebook; Trouble on Greens Keeps Woods From His Fifth Green Jacket|work=The New York Times|date=April 10, 2006|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D01E4DA1E30F933A25757C0A9609C8B63|access-date=May 11, 2009|ref=none}}</ref> Following the death of his father in May, Woods took some time off from the tour and appeared rusty upon his return at the U.S. Open at [[Winged Foot Golf Club]], where he missed the [[#Cut streak|cut]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Litsky|first=Frank|title=Earl Woods, 74, Father of Tiger Woods, Dies|work=The New York Times|date=May 4, 2006|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/04/sports/golf/04woods.html|access-date=May 12, 2009}}</ref> However, he quickly returned to form and ended the year by winning six consecutive tour events. At the season's close, Woods had 54 total wins that included 12 majors; he broke the tour records for both total wins and total majors wins over eleven seasons.<ref name="Assoc06">{{cite news|title = Man of the Year|publisher = PGA|agency = Associated Press|url = http://www1.pga.com/news/tours/pga-tour/woods122506.cfm|access-date = June 18, 2009|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110824103702/http://www.pga.com/news/tours/pga-tour/woods122506.cfm|archive-date = August 24, 2011|url-status = dead}}</ref> [[File:Tiger Woods Masters 2006.jpg|thumb|left|Woods at the [[2006 Masters Tournament|2006 Masters]]]] Woods continued to excel in 2007 and the first part of 2008. In April 2008, he underwent knee surgery and missed the next two months on the tour.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tiger Woods undergoes knee surgery |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]] |date=April 15, 2008 |url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hPuabYvDiDWueCDOns9r7AE_yo5g |access-date=December 10, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081212224712/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5hPuabYvDiDWueCDOns9r7AE_yo5g |archive-date=December 12, 2008}}</ref> Woods returned for the [[2008 U.S. Open (golf)|2008 U.S. Open]], where he struggled the first day but ultimately claimed a dramatic sudden death victory over [[Rocco Mediate]] that followed an 18-hole playoff, after which Mediate said, "This guy does things that are just not normal by any stretch of the imagination," and Kenny Perry added, "He beat everybody on one leg."<ref>*{{cite news|title = Tiger puts away Mediate on 91st hole to win U.S. Open|agency = Associated Press|publisher = ESPN|date = June 16, 2008|url = https://www.espn.com/golf/usopen08/news/story?id=3446435|access-date = December 30, 2008|ref = none}} *{{cite news|last=Savage|first=Brendan|ref=none|title=Rocco Mediate still riding U.S. Open high into Buick Open|work=[[The Flint Journal]]|date=June 25, 2008|url=http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2008/06/rocco_mediate_still_riding_us.html|access-date=June 19, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120505134823/http://www.mlive.com/sports/flint/index.ssf/2008/06/rocco_mediate_still_riding_us.html|archive-date=May 5, 2012}} *{{cite news |ref=none |url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/sports/2008018380_apglfbuickopen.html |url-status=dead |title=Mediate makes the most of his brush with Tiger |first=Larry |last=Lage |newspaper=The Seattle Times |agency=Associated Press |date=June 26, 2008 |access-date=June 19, 2009 |archive-date=June 4, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604073330/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/sports/2008018380_apglfbuickopen.html }}</ref> Two days later, Woods announced that he would miss the remainder of the season due to additional knee surgery, and that his knee was more severely damaged than previously revealed, prompting even greater praise for his U.S. Open performance. Woods called it "my greatest ever championship."<ref> *{{cite web|title=Tiger Woods to Undergo Reconstructive Knee Surgery and Miss Remainder of 2008 Season |publisher=TigerWoods.com |date=June 18, 2008 |access-date=June 18, 2008 |url=http://www.tigerwoods.com/defaultflash.sps |first=Mark |last=Steinberg |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080617152335/http://www.tigerwoods.com/defaultflash.sps |archive-date=June 17, 2008 |ref=none}} *{{cite news |last=Dorman |first=Larry |title=Woods to Have Knee Surgery, Ending His Season |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/19/sports/golf/19golf.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=June 19, 2008 |access-date=October 13, 2009|ref=none}} *{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2008/jun/17/usopengolf.tigerwoods |title=Woods savours 'greatest triumph' after epic duel with brave Mediate |ref=none|first=Lawrence |last=Donegan |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=June 17, 2008 |access-date=June 30, 2008}}</ref> In Woods's absence, television ratings for the remainder of the season suffered a huge decline from 2007.<ref>{{cite web |title = Tiger's Return Expected To Make PGA Ratings Roar |date = February 25, 2009 |access-date = March 30, 2009 |url = http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/tag/accenture-match-play-championship/ |publisher = The Nielsen Company 2009 |ref = none |archive-date = July 21, 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721063745/http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/tag/accenture-match-play-championship/ |url-status = dead }}</ref> [[File:Tiger Woods - AT&T National tournament 2009.jpg|upright|thumb|Woods competing at the third annual Earl Woods Memorial Pro-Am (July 1, 2009)]] Woods had a much anticipated return to golf in 2009, when he performed well. His comeback included a spectacular performance at the [[2009 Presidents Cup]], but he failed to win a major, the first year since 2004 that he did not do so.<ref> *{{cite news |last=Dahlberg |first=Tim |title = Anything can happen: It did in Tiger's return |url = http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/03/01/SP691669HN.DTL |date = March 1, 2009 |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date =July 1, 2009|ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Ferguson |first=Doug |title=Americans win the Presidents Cup |date=October 12, 2009 |url=http://www.times-news.com/localgolf/local_story_285000117.html/resources_printstory |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120604213407/http://www.times-news.com/localgolf/local_story_285000117.html/resources_printstory |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 4, 2012 |newspaper=[[Cumberland Times-News]] |access-date=December 17, 2009 |ref=none}} *{{cite news|last=Barber |first=Phil |title=Americans win the Presidents Cup |work=[[The Press Democrat]] |date=October 11, 2009 |url=http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20091011/SPORTS/910119981/1010/SPORTS?Title=Americans-win-the-Presidents-Cup |access-date=October 27, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111003002716/http://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/20091011/SPORTS/910119981/1010/SPORTS?Title=Americans-win-the-Presidents-Cup |archive-date=October 3, 2011|ref=none}}</ref> After his marital infidelities came to light and received massive media coverage at the end of 2009 (see further details below), Woods announced in December that he would be taking an indefinite break from competitive golf.<ref name=legend/> In February 2010, he delivered a televised apology for his behavior, saying "I was wrong and I was foolish."<ref name=BBC100223/> During this period, several companies ended their endorsement deals with Woods.<ref name=connection/> Woods returned to competition in April at the [[2010 Masters Tournament|2010 Masters]], where he finished tied for fourth place.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.espn.com/golf/masters10/news/story?id=5075606|title=Mickelson wins Masters; Tiger 5 back|date=April 11, 2010|work=ESPN |access-date=April 12, 2010}}</ref> He followed the Masters with poor showings at the Quail Hollow Championship and the Players Championship, where he withdrew in the fourth round, citing injury.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.espn.com/golf/news/story?id=5152134|title=Woods misses sixth PGA Tour cut|date=May 1, 2010|work=ESPN |first=Bob|last=Harig|access-date=May 1, 2010}}</ref> Shortly afterward, [[Hank Haney]], Woods's coach since 2003, resigned the position. In August, Woods hired [[Sean Foley (golf instructor)|Sean Foley]] as Haney's replacement. The rest of the season went badly for Woods, who failed to win a single event for the first time since turning professional, while nevertheless finishing the season ranked No. 2 in the world. [[File:TigerWoodsOct2011.jpg|thumb|left|Woods at a [[Chevron World Challenge]] charity event (2011)]] In 2011, Woods's performance continued to suffer; this took its toll on his ranking. After falling to No. 7 in March, he rebounded to No. 5 with a strong showing at the [[2011 Masters Tournament|2011 Masters]], where he tied for fourth place.<ref> *pgatour.com, Official World Golf Ranking for March 27, 2011 *pgatour.com, Official World Golf Ranking for April 11, 2011 *pgatour.com, 2011 Masters tournament data</ref> Due to leg injuries incurred at the Masters, he missed several summer stops on the PGA Tour. In July, he fired his longtime caddie [[Steve Williams (caddie)|Steve Williams]] (who was shocked by the dismissal), and replaced him on an interim basis with friend Bryon Bell until he hired Joe LaCava.<ref> *http://www.tigerwoods.com, June 7, 2011{{failed verification|date=March 2021}} *Howard Sounes: ''The Wicked Game''{{full citation needed|date=March 2021}}</ref> After returning to tournament play in August, Woods continued to falter, and his ranking gradually fell to a low of #58.<ref name="chevron">{{Cite news |last=Schlabach |first=Mark |date=November 13, 2011 |title=Tiger Woods moves to 50th in rankings |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/7231583/tiger-woods-moves-50th-official-world-golf-rankings |access-date=November 14, 2011 |work=ESPN}}</ref> He rose to No. 50 in mid-November after a third-place finish at the [[Emirates Australian Open]], and broke his winless streak with a victory at December's [[Chevron World Challenge]].<ref name=chevron/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiger Woods' impressive history at Bay Hill |url=https://www.pgatour.com/article/news/equipment-report/2021/03/03/golf-clubs-equipment-tiger-woods-impressive-history-at-bay-hill |publisher=PGA Tour |date=March 3, 2021 |access-date=2023-09-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Crouse |first=Karen |title=After Two-Year Drought, Woods Wins With Flourish |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/05/sports/golf/tiger-woods-wins-chevron-world-challenge-by-1-stroke.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=December 4, 2011}}</ref> Woods began his 2012 season with two tournaments (the [[Abu Dhabi HSBC Golf Championship]] and the [[AT&T Pebble Beach National Pro-Am]]) where he started off well but struggled on the final rounds. Following the [[WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship]], where he was knocked out in the second round by missing a 5-foot putt,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/7608618/nick-watney-ousts-tiger-woods-match-play-championship-second-round |title=Nick Watney eliminates Tiger Woods |first=Farrell |last=Evans |date=February 24, 2012 |work=ESPN |access-date=February 24, 2012}}</ref> Woods revised his putting technique and tied for second at [[The Honda Classic]], with the lowest final-round score in his PGA Tour career. After a short time off due to another leg injury, Woods won the [[Arnold Palmer Invitational]], his first win on the PGA Tour since the [[BMW Championship (PGA Tour)|BMW Championship]] in September 2009. Following several dismal performances, Woods notched his 73rd PGA Tour win at the [[Memorial Tournament]] in June, tying [[Jack Nicklaus]] in second place for most PGA Tour victories;<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.weeklytimesofindia.com/sports-news/tiger-wins-memorial-to-match-nicklaus-on-73-wins/ |title=Tiger wins Memorial to match Nicklaus on 73 wins |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=June 4, 2012 |access-date=June 7, 2012 |archive-date=August 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811082157/http://www.weeklytimesofindia.com/sports-news/tiger-wins-memorial-to-match-nicklaus-on-73-wins/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> a month later, Woods surpassed Nicklaus with a win at the [[AT&T National]], to trail only [[Sam Snead]], who accumulated 82 PGA tour wins.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/golf/18668946 |title=Tiger Woods wins AT&T to pass Jack Nicklaus record |work=BBC Sport |date=July 2, 2012 |access-date=July 6, 2012}}</ref> The year 2013 brought a return of Woods's dominating play. In January, he won the [[Farmers Insurance Open]] by four shots for his 75th PGA Tour win. It was the seventh time he won the event.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/8890930/tiger-takes-torrey-record-7th-time-farmers-insurance-open-golf |title=Tiger takes Torrey for 75th tour win |date=January 29, 2013 |first=Farrell |last=Evans |work=ESPN |access-date=March 20, 2013}}</ref> In March, he won the [[WGC-Cadillac Championship]], also for the seventh time, giving him his 17th WGC title and first since 2009.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/9037944/tiger-woods-wins-wgc-cadillac-championship-76th-pga-tour-victory |title=Tiger Woods prevails at Doral |work=ESPN |agency=Associated Press |date=March 10, 2013 |access-date=March 20, 2013}}</ref> Two weeks later, he won the [[Arnold Palmer Invitational]], winning the event for a record-tying 8th time. The win moved him back to the top of the world rankings.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/9096561/tiger-woods-back-world-no-1-golf-wins-arnold-palmer-invitational |title=Tiger returns to No. 1, wins Bay Hill |work=ESPN |agency=Associated Press |date=March 25, 2013 |access-date=March 25, 2013}}</ref> To commemorate that achievement, Nike was quick to launch an ad with the tagline "winning takes care of everything".<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/early-lead/wp/2013/03/27/tiger-woods-nike-ad-causes-a-stir-with-winning-takes-care-of-everything-message/ |title=Tiger Woods Nike ad causes a stir with 'winning takes care of everything' message |first=Cindy |last=Boren |date=March 27, 2013 }}</ref> During the [[2013 Masters Tournament|2013 Masters]], Woods faced disqualification after unwittingly admitting in a post-round interview with [[ESPN]] that he took an illegal drop on the par-5 15th hole when his third shot bounced off the pin and into the water. After further [[Trial by television in golf tournaments|review of television footage]], Woods was assessed a two-stroke penalty for the drop but was not disqualified.<ref>{{cite web |title=Is Tiger Woods facing disqualification at Masters? |url=http://www.cbssports.com/golf/blog/eye-on-golf/22059739/is-tiger-woods-facing-disqualification-at-masters |work=CBS Sports |access-date=April 13, 2013}}</ref> He finished tied for fourth in the event. Woods won [[The Players Championship]] in May 2013, his second career win at the event, notching his fourth win of the 2013 season. It was the quickest he got to four wins in any season of his professional career. [[File:Tiger Woods 2014.jpg|thumb|right|Woods practicing in a bunker prior to the start of the 2014 [[Quicken Loans National]]]] Woods had a poor showing at the [[2013 U.S. Open (golf)|2013 U.S. Open]] as a result of an elbow injury that he sustained at [[The Players Championship]]. In finishing at 13-over-par, he recorded his worst score as a professional and finished 12 strokes behind winner [[Justin Rose]]. After a prolonged break because of the injury, during which he missed the [[Greenbrier Classic]] and his own [[AT&T National]], he returned at the [[2013 Open Championship|Open Championship]] at [[Muirfield]]. Despite being in contention all week and beginning the final round only two strokes behind [[Lee Westwood]], he struggled with the speed of the greens and could only manage a 3-over-par 74 that left him tied for 6th place, five strokes behind eventual winner [[Phil Mickelson]]. Two weeks later, Woods returned to form at the [[2013 WGC-Bridgestone Invitational|WGC-Bridgestone Invitational]], recording his 5th win of the season and 8th win at the event in its 15-year history. His second-round 61 matched his record score on the PGA Tour and could easily have been a 59 were it not for some short missed birdie putts on the closing holes. This gave him a seven-stroke lead that he held onto for the rest of the tournament. But at the PGA Championship at Oak Hill Country Club, Woods never was in contention, making 2013 his fifth full season where he did not win a major; he was in contention in only two of the four majors in 2013. After a slow start to 2014, Woods sustained an injury during the final round of [[The Honda Classic]] and was unable to finish the tournament. He withdrew after the 13th hole, citing back pain.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Tiger Woods walks off at Honda Classic |magazine=bunkered |date=March 3, 2014 |url=http://www.bunkered.co.uk/golf-news/tiger-woods-walks-off-at-honda-classic |access-date=April 1, 2014}}</ref> He subsequently competed in the [[WGC-Cadillac Championship]] but was visibly in pain during much of the last round. He was forced to skip the [[Arnold Palmer Invitational]] at the end of March 2014,<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Tiger Woods a doubt for the Masters |magazine=bunkered |date=March 19, 2014 |url=http://www.bunkered.co.uk/golf-news/tiger-woods-a-doubt-for-the-masters |access-date=April 1, 2014}}</ref> and after undergoing [[microdiscectomy|back surgery]], he announced on April 1 that he would miss the [[Masters Tournament|Masters]] for the first time since 1994.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Tiger Woods out of the Masters |magazine=bunkered |date=April 1, 2014 |url=http://www.bunkered.co.uk/golf-news/tiger-woods-out-of-the-masters |access-date=April 1, 2014}}</ref> Woods returned at the [[Quicken Loans National]] in June, however he said that his expectations for the week were low. He struggled with nearly every aspect of his game and missed the cut. He next played at [[The Open Championship]], contested at Hoylake, where Woods had won eight years prior. Woods fired a brilliant 69 in the first round to put himself in contention, but shot 77 on Friday and eventually finished 69th. Despite his back pain, he played at the [[2014 PGA Championship]] where he failed to make the cut. On August 25, 2014, Woods and his swing coach Sean Foley parted ways. In the four years under Foley, he won eight times but no majors. He had previously won eight majors with Harmon and six with Haney. Woods said there was currently no timetable to find a replacement swing coach.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/golf/2014/08/25/tiger-woods-sean-foley-coach-split/14561331/ |title=Tiger Woods splits with swing coach Sean Foley |newspaper=USA Today |date=August 25, 2014}}</ref> On February 5, 2015, Woods withdrew from the [[Farmers Insurance Open]] after another back injury.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.golf.com/tour-and-news/tiger-woods-withdraws-farmers-insurance-open |title=Tiger Withdraws From the Farmers Insurance Open With Bad Back |work=Golf Magazine |first=Gary |last=Van Sickle |date=February 5, 2015}}</ref> Woods stated on his website that it was unrelated to his previous surgery and he would take a break from golf until his back healed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tigerwoods.com/news/2015/02/11/108976880/his-back-feeling-better-tiger-plans-to-work-on-his-game-and-play-again-soon/ |title=His back feeling better, Tiger plans to work on his game and play again soon |date=February 11, 2015 |publisher=tigerwoods.com}}</ref> He returned for the [[2015 Masters Tournament|Masters]], finishing in a tie for 17th. In the final round, Woods injured his wrist after his club hit a tree root. He later stated that a bone popped out of his wrist, but he adjusted it back into place and finished the round.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://ftw.usatoday.com/2015/04/tiger-woods-masters-root-injury |title=Tiger Woods hurts his wrist after hitting a root at the Masters |first=Nick |last=Schwartz |date=April 12, 2015 |newspaper=USA Today}}</ref> Woods then missed the cut at the 2015 [[2015 U.S. Open (golf)|U.S. Open]] and [[2015 Open Championship|Open Championship]], the first time Woods missed the cut at consecutive majors, finishing near the bottom of the leaderboard both times.<ref>*{{cite news |url=http://www.cbssports.com/golf/eye-on-golf/25219845/tiger-woods-rebounds-with-76-at-us-open-misses-cut-badly |title=Tiger Woods improves with 76, but misses cut badly at 2015 US Open |first=Kyle |last=Porter |date=June 19, 2015 |work=CBS Sports |url-status=dead |ref=none |access-date=July 18, 2015 |archive-date=July 21, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721234721/http://www.cbssports.com/golf/eye-on-golf/25219845/tiger-woods-rebounds-with-76-at-us-open-misses-cut-badly }} *{{cite news |url=http://www.cbssports.com/golf/eye-on-golf/25244426/2015-british-open-tiger-woods-misses-consecutive-major-cuts-for-first-time |title=2015 British Open: Tiger Woods cut at consecutive majors for first time |first=Kyle |last=Porter |date=July 18, 2015 |work=CBS Sports |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721234853/http://www.cbssports.com/golf/eye-on-golf/25244426/2015-british-open-tiger-woods-misses-consecutive-major-cuts-for-first-time |archive-date=July 21, 2015 |ref=none }}</ref> He finished tied for 18th at the [[Quicken Loans National]] on August 2.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/13364714/tiger-woods-confident-results-quicken-loans-national |title=Tiger confident after results at Quicken Loans National |access-date=August 13, 2015 |date=August 2, 2015 |publisher=[[ESPN]] |last=Harig |first=Bob}}</ref> In late August 2015, Woods played quite well at the Wyndham Championship finishing the tournament at 13-under, only four strokes behind the winner, and tied for 10th place.<ref>{{cite news |last=Velin |first=Bob |date=August 24, 2015 |title=Tiger Woods falls short, ends season at Wyndham |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/golf/2015/08/23/tiger-woods-falls-short-ends-season-wyndham/32238819/ |newspaper=USA Today |location=Tyson's Corners, Virginia |access-date=April 6, 2015}}</ref> Woods offered only a brief comment on the speculation that he was still recovering from [[microdiscectomy|back surgery]], saying it was "just my hip" but offering no specifics.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbssports.com/golf/eye-on-golf/25278663/tiger-woods-sputters-in-final-round-shoots-70-at-wyndham-championship |title=Tiger Woods sputters in final round, shoots 70 at Wyndham Championship |last=Kalland |first=Bobby |date=August 23, 2015 |work=CBS Sports |access-date=April 6, 2016 |archive-date=April 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419070904/http://www.cbssports.com/golf/eye-on-golf/25278663/tiger-woods-sputters-in-final-round-shoots-70-at-wyndham-championship |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[File:Tiger Woods 2018 US Open 26.jpg|thumb|180px|left|Woods practicing a [[Golf swing|chip-shot]] at the [[2018 U.S. Open (golf)|2018 U.S. Open]]]] Woods had back surgery on September 16, 2015. In late March 2016, he announced that he would miss the [[Masters Tournament|Masters]] while he recovered from the surgery;<ref name=back>{{cite web |url=http://www.tigerwoods.com/news/2015/09/18/150314592/tiger-undergoes-successful-back-surgery-is-hopeful-to-return-in-early-2016/ |title=Tiger Undergoes Successful Back Surgery, Is Hopeful To Return in Early 2016 |date=September 18, 2015 |publisher=TigerWoods.com |access-date=April 6, 2015}}</ref> he had also missed the 2014 Masters due to a back problem.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2016/04/02/golf/tiger-woods-masters-withdraws-injury/ |title=Tiger Woods: Golfer to miss the Masters |last=Grez |first=Matias |date=April 2, 2016 |website=CNN International |access-date=April 6, 2016}}</ref> "I'm absolutely making progress, and I'm really happy with how far I've come," he explained in a statement. "But I still have no timetable to return to competitive golf."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/tiger-woods-chooses-health-masters/story?id=38104954 |title=Tiger Woods chooses health over Masters |last=Harig |first=Bob |date=April 2, 2016 |work=ABC News |access-date=April 5, 2016 }}</ref> However, he did attend the Masters Champions Dinner on April 5, 2016.<ref>{{cite news |first=Christine |last=Brennan |date=April 5, 2016 |title=Brennan: Tiger Woods isn't playing in Masters but still very much present |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/columnist/brennan/2016/04/05/tiger-woods-adam-scott-jason-day-masters/82670306/ |newspaper=USA Today |access-date=April 5, 2016}}</ref> For the first time in his career, he missed all four majors in one year due to problems with his back. In October 2016, he told Charlie Rose on PBS that he still wanted to break Jack Nicklaus's record of 18 major titles.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.golfchannel.com/news/golf-central-blog/woods-still-believes-hell-break-nicklaus-record/ |title=Tiger Wood's bold vision to break Jack Nicklaus's record of 18 major titles |date=October 20, 2016 |work=[[Golf Channel]] |access-date=October 24, 2016 |archive-date=October 24, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024175414/http://www.golfchannel.com/news/golf-central-blog/woods-still-believes-hell-break-nicklaus-record |url-status=dead }}</ref> Woods underwent back surgery in December 2016 and spent the next 15 months off the Tour. He made his return to competitive golf in the [[Hero World Challenge]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.ie/sport/golf/tiger-woods-looks-to-the-positives-after-fading-following-flying-start-35262225.html |title=Tiger Woods looks to the positives after fading following flying start |date=December 2, 2016 |work=Irish Independent |agency=Press Association |access-date=December 6, 2016}}</ref> Woods's back problems continued to hinder him in 2017. He missed the cut at the [[Farmers Insurance Open]] in January and pulled out of a European Tour event in [[Dubai]] on February 3. On March 31, Woods announced on his website that he would not be playing in the [[2017 Masters Tournament]] despite being cleared to play by his doctors. Woods said that although he was happy with his rehabilitation, he did not feel "tournament ready."<ref name=cut>{{cite news |last=Harig |first=Bob |url=http://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/19048513/tiger-woods-play-2017-masters |title=Tiger Woods to miss Masters for third time in four years |work=ESPN |date=April 1, 2017 |access-date=April 14, 2017}}</ref><ref name="cuts">{{cite web |url=http://www.tigerwoods.com/news/2017/03/31/221697808/tiger-not-tournament-ready-will-miss-masters/ |title=Tiger not 'tournament ready,' will miss Masters |website=tigerwoods.com |date=March 31, 2017 |access-date=April 14, 2017}}</ref> Woods subsequently told friends, "I'm done".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/apr/15/us-briefing-tiger-woods-amazing-comeback-ilhan-omar-and-mayor-pete |title=US briefing: Tiger Woods' amazing comeback, Ilhan Omar and Mayor Pete |newspaper=The Guardian |first=Tim |last=Walker |date=April 15, 2019}}</ref> On April 20, Woods announced that he had undergone his fourth back surgery since 2014 to alleviate back and leg pain. Recovery time required up to six months, meaning that Woods would spend the rest of the year without playing any professional golf.<ref>*{{cite magazine |url=http://www.golf.com/tour-news/2017/04/20/breaking-tiger-woods-undergoes-back-surgery-alleviate-ongoing-pain?xid=socialflow_twitter_si |magazine=[[Golf Magazine]] |title=Breaking: Tiger Woods undergoes back surgery to alleviate ongoing pain |last=Zak |first=Sean |date=April 20, 2017 |access-date=April 20, 2017 |ref=none |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 21, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421092504/http://www.golf.com/tour-news/2017/04/20/breaking-tiger-woods-undergoes-back-surgery-alleviate-ongoing-pain?xid=socialflow_twitter_si }} *{{cite web |title=Tiger Woods has a 4th back surgery |url=https://www.msn.com/en-ca/sports/golf/tiger-woods-has-a-4th-back-surgery/ar-BBA5KBi |publisher=MSN News |access-date=April 20, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422033535/http://www.msn.com/en-ca/sports/golf/tiger-woods-has-a-4th-back-surgery/ar-BBA5KBi |archive-date=April 22, 2017 }}</ref> Woods returned to competitive golf at the Hero World Challenge in the Bahamas. He shot rounds of 69β68β75β68 and finished tied for 9th place. His world ranking went from 1,199th to 668th, which was the biggest jump in the world rankings in his career. On March 11, 2018, he finished one-shot back and tied for second at the Valspar Championship in Florida, his first top-five finish on the PGA Tour since 2013.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/11/sports/golf/tiger-woods-valspar-championship.html |title=He Stuck to Golf: Tiger Woods, Roaring Back, Ties for 2nd |date=March 11, 2018 |newspaper=The New York Times |first=Karen |last=Crouse}}</ref> He then tied for sixth with a score of five under par at the [[2018 Open Championship]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2018/jul/22/the-open-2018-final-round-live |title=The Open 2018: Francesco Molinari wins title on day of drama β as it happened |newspaper=The Guardian |first=Scott |last=Murray |date=July 22, 2018}}</ref> At the last major of the year, the [[2018 PGA Championship]], Woods finished second, two shots behind the winner [[Brooks Koepka]]. It was his best result in a major since 2009 (second at the [[2009 PGA Championship]]) and moved him up to 26th in the world rankings. His final round of 64 was his best-ever final round in a major.<ref>{{cite news |last=Jurejko |first=Jonathan |title=US PGA Championship: Brooks Koepka holds off Tiger Woods to win at Bellerive |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/golf/45164851 |work=BBC Sport |date=August 13, 2018}}</ref><ref name="reid" /> Woods returned to the winner's circle for the 80th time in his PGA Tour career on September 23, 2018, when he won the season-ending [[Tour Championship]] at East Lake Golf Club for the second time and that tournament for the third time. He shot rounds of 65β68β65β71 to win by two strokes over [[Billy Horschel]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/09/23/golf/tiger-woods-tour-championship-spt-intl/index.html |title=Tiger Woods wins a PGA Tour event for the first time since 2013 |work=CNN|first1=Tom |last1=McGowan |first2=John |last2=Sinnott |date=September 24, 2018}}</ref> On April 14, 2019, Woods won the [[2019 Masters Tournament|Masters]], which was his first major championship win in eleven years and his 15th major overall. He finished 13 under par to win by one stroke over [[Dustin Johnson]], [[Xander Schauffele]] and [[Brooks Koepka]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Scrivener |first=Peter |date=April 14, 2019 |title=Masters 2019: Tiger Woods wins 15th major with thrilling Augusta victory |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/golf/47927647 |access-date=April 14, 2019 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> At age 43, he became the second oldest golfer ever to win the Masters, after [[Jack Nicklaus]] who was 46 when he triumphed in 1986.<ref name=Crouse14April >{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/14/sports/tiger-woods-wins-masters.html |title=In a Stirring Return to the Top, Tiger Woods Captures the Masters at 43 |first=Karen |last=Crouse |access-date=April 14, 2019 |date=April 14, 2019 |newspaper=The New York Times }}</ref> In August 2019, Woods announced via social media that he underwent knee surgery to repair minor cartilage damage and that he had an arthroscopic procedure during the Tour Championship. In his statement, Woods also confirmed that he was walking and intends on traveling and playing in Japan in October.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://news.theceomagazine.com/featured/tiger-woods-knee-surgery-remains-japan-bound/ |title=Tiger Woods has surgery but still Japan-bound |magazine=CEO Magazine |first=Ian |last=Horswill |date=August 28, 2019 |access-date=August 28, 2019}}</ref> Woods played in his first [[2020 PGA Tour]] event at the [[Zozo Championship]] in October 2019, which was the first-ever PGA Tour event played in [[Japan]]. Woods, who played a highly publicized [[skins game]] earlier in the week at the same course as the Championship, held at least a share of the lead after every round of the rain-delayed tournament, giving him a three stroke victory over [[Hideki Matsuyama]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.golfchannel.com/news/jason-day-keeps-tiger-woods-winless-skins-games-wins-challenge-japan |title=Jason Day keeps Tiger Woods winless in skins games, wins The Challenge in Japan |work=Golf Channel |first=Rex |last=Hoggard |date=October 21, 2019 |access-date=October 28, 2019}}</ref> The win was Woods's 82nd on Tour, tying him with [[Sam Snead]] for the most victories all time on the PGA Tour.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/27945812/tiger-woods-takes-82nd-pga-tour-title-tying-sam-snead-atop-list |title=Woods wins Zozo, ties Snead with 82nd Tour title |date=October 27, 2019 |work=ESPN |first=Bob |last=Harig |access-date=October 28, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/golf/2019/10/27/tiger-woods-ties-sam-sneads-record-of-82-pga-tour-wins/40449413/ |title=Tiger Woods ties Sam Snead's record of 82 PGA Tour wins |newspaper=USA Today |agency=Associated Press |date=October 28, 2019 |access-date=October 28, 2019}}</ref> In December 2020, Woods had microdiscectomy surgery on his back for the fifth time.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hoggard |first=Rex |title=Tiger Woods announces another back surgery, to miss Farmers and Genesis |url=https://www.golfchannel.com/news/tiger-woods-announces-another-back-surgery-miss-farmers-and-genesis |access-date=February 15, 2021 |work=Golf Channel}}</ref> The operation was to remove a pressurized disc fragment that was pinching his nerve and causing him pain during the PNC Championship. Woods returned to play in his first professional tournament since his 2021 motor vehicle crash at the [[2022 Masters Tournament]]. He made the cut and finished in 47th place at 13-over par, 23 shots behind the winner [[Scottie Scheffler]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Torchinsky |first=Rina |title=Scottie Scheffler wins the Masters while Tiger Woods finishes 47th |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/04/10/1091931747/the-masters-tiger-woods-leaderboard |date=April 10, 2022 |access-date=2022-04-11 |work=NPR}}</ref> In August 2022, Woods, [[Rory McIlroy]], [[Mike McCarley]], and the PGA Tour announced the formation of [[TGL (golf league)|TGL]], a six-team [[virtual golf]]ing league.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiger Woods and Rory McIlroy's TMRW Sports announces TGL, a new tech-infused golf league in partnership with the PGA Tour |url=https://www.pgatour.com/news/2022/08/24/tiger-woods-rory-mcilroy-tmrw-sports-announces-tgl-new-tech-infused-golf-league-in-partnership-with-the-pga-tour.html |access-date=2023-01-23 |publisher=PGA Tour |date=August 24, 2022}}</ref> In November 2023, Woods revealed himself as an co-owner and player for [[Jupiter Links Golf Club]], founded with investments by [[David Blitzer]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Zak |first=Sean |title=Tiger Woods now has his own TGL team. Here's what we know |url=https://golf.com/news/tiger-woods-tgl-team-everything-we-know/ |magazine=Golf Magazine |access-date=November 11, 2023 |date=November 7, 2023}}</ref> ===Honors=== [[File:President Trump Presents the Medal of Freedom to Tiger Woods (47796274401).jpg|thumb|Woods receiving the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] from President [[Donald Trump]] in May 2019]] On August 20, 2007, California Governor [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]] and his wife [[Maria Shriver]] announced that Woods would be inducted into the [[California Hall of Fame]]. He was inducted December 5, 2007 at [[The California Museum for History, Women and the Arts]] in Sacramento.<ref> *{{cite news|title=Apple CEO among latest inductees to California Hall of Fame|work=U-T San Diego|date=August 20, 2007|url=http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/state/20070820-1459-ca-brf-norcal-halloffame.html|access-date=July 15, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829150534/http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/state/20070820-1459-ca-brf-norcal-halloffame.html|archive-date=August 29, 2007}} *[http://www.californiamuseum.org/Exhibits/Hall-of-Fame/inductees.html "California Hall of Fame: 2007 Inductees"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080110182937/http://www.californiamuseum.org/Exhibits/Hall-of-Fame/inductees.html|date=January 10, 2008 }}, californiamuseum.org. Retrieved September 11, 2007.</ref> In May 2019, following his [[2019 Masters Tournament]] win, Woods was awarded the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] by President [[Donald Trump]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 7, 2018 |title=Medal of Freedom awarded to 'true legend' Tiger |url=http://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/26686972/medal-freedom-awarded-true-legend-tiger |access-date=2024-09-21 |work=ESPN|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> [[File:Tiger Woods figure at Madame Tussauds London (12329858684).jpg|thumb|upright|left|Wax statue of Woods at [[Madame Tussauds]], London]] In 2000 and 2001, Woods was named the [[Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year|Laureus World Sportsman of the Year]], becoming the inaugural recipient of the award.<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.iaaf.org/news/news/woods-and-jones-sweep-sporting-oscars | publisher = [[International Association of Athletics Federations]]| title = Woods and Jones sweep Sporting Oscars | date = May 25, 2000 | access-date = October 18, 2017 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171018140534/https://www.iaaf.org/news/news/woods-and-jones-sweep-sporting-oscars | archive-date = October 18, 2017 |first= Paul| last=Radford| agency=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> In 2000 he received the [[BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of the Year|BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year]], an award given to a non-British sportsperson considered to have made the most substantial contribution to a sport.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/keyfacts/stories/spoty_overseas.shtml|title=Sports Personality of the Year: overseas winners|date=December 2007|publisher=BBC|access-date=November 9, 2018| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090115045536/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/keyfacts/stories/spoty_overseas.shtml| archive-date= January 15, 2009 | url-status= live}}</ref> Domestically, Woods has also been recognized by U.S. publications. He was named [[Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year]] a record-tying four times, was named "Athlete of the Decade" by the Associated Press in 2009, and is one of only two people to be named ''[[Sports Illustrated]]''{{'}}s [[Sportsman of the Year]] more than once.<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 17, 2009 |title=Woods named top athlete of decade |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/news/story?id=4747530 |access-date=January 19, 2010 |work=ESPN|agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/more-sports/tiger-woods-named-athlete-decade-press-article-1.436911 |title=Tiger named AP's Athlete of the Decade |newspaper=Daily News|location=New York |agency=Associated Press |date=December 16, 2009 |access-date=August 3, 2017}}</ref> Since his record-breaking win at the [[1997 Masters Tournament|1997 Masters]], Woods has been the biggest name in golf and his presence in tournaments has drawn a huge fan following. Some sources have credited him for dramatically increasing prize money in golf, generating interest in new PGA tournament audiences, and for drawing the largest TV ratings in golf history.<ref name="SI1996"/><ref>*{{cite news|title=Tiger's Tour, 10 years after his Masters breakthrough|last=Slezak|first=Carol|date=April 1, 2007|access-date=March 30, 2009|newspaper=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-5840440.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025061052/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-5840440.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 25, 2012}} *{{cite magazine |title=Tiger 1997: The buzz that rocked the cradle |last1=Reilly |first1=Rick |last2=Garrity |first2=John |last3=Diaz |first3=Jaime |date=April 1, 1997 |access-date=March 30, 2009 |magazine=Golf Magazine |url=http://www.golf.com/tour-and-news/tiger-1997-buzz-rocked-cradle |ref=none |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 1, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301015038/http://www.golf.com/tour-and-news/tiger-1997-buzz-rocked-cradle }} *{{cite news |title = With Tiger not a factor, preliminary ratings down for PGA |agency = Associated Press |date = August 20, 2001 |access-date = March 30, 2009 |magazine = Sports Illustrated |url = http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/golf/2001/pga_championship/news/2001/08/20/pga_ratings_ap/ |ref = none |url-status = dead |archive-date = January 22, 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100122232735/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/golf/2001/pga_championship/news/2001/08/20/pga_ratings_ap/ }} *{{cite news |title=PGA jungle needs its Tiger on prowl |last=Ziemer |first=Tom |date=April 8, 2005 |access-date=March 30, 2009 |newspaper=[[The Badger Herald]] |url=http://badgerherald.com/sports/2005/04/08/pga_jungle_needs_its.php |ref=none |archive-date=September 4, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904010520/http://badgerherald.com/sports/2005/04/08/pga_jungle_needs_its.php |url-status=dead }} *{{cite news|last=Whitmer|first=Michael|title=Woods shows mettle again|newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]]|date=April 2, 2009|access-date=August 11, 2009|url=https://www.boston.com/sports/golf/articles/2009/04/02/woods_shows_mettle_again/?page=full|ref=none}}</ref> His recognition as one of the most famous athletes in modern history includes being depicted in a wax sculpture at [[Madame Tussauds]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Madame Tussauds |url=https://visit-london.info/things-to-see-in-london/madame-tussauds |access-date=July 15, 2023 |work=Visit London}}</ref> ===Endorsements=== During the first decade of his professional career, Woods was the world's most marketable athlete.<ref name="sbr1">Berger, Brian., [http://www.sportsbusinessradio.com/?q=node/616 "Nike Golf Extends Contract with Tiger Woods"], ''Sports Business Radio'', December 11, 2006. Retrieved September 14, 2007.</ref> Shortly after his 21st birthday in 1996, he signed endorsement deals with numerous companies, including [[General Motors]], [[Titleist]], [[General Mills]], [[American Express]], [[Accenture]], and [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]]. In 2000, he signed a 5-year, $105 million contract extension with Nike, which was the largest endorsement package signed by a professional athlete at that time.<ref name="ad1">{{cite magazine |title=Six Degrees of Tiger Woods |last=DiCarlo |first=Lisa |magazine=Forbes |date=March 18, 2004 |url=https://www.forbes.com/2004/03/18/cx_ld_0318nike.html |access-date=December 17, 2009}}</ref> Woods's endorsement has been credited with playing a significant role in taking the Nike Golf brand from a "start-up" golf company earlier in the previous decade to becoming the leading golf apparel company in the world and a major player in the equipment and golf ball market.<ref name="sbr1" /><ref name="end1">[http://www.venturerepublic.com/resources/Branding_celebrities_brand_endorsements_brand_leadership.asp " Branding and Celebrity Endorsements"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014182656/https://venturerepublic.com/resources/Branding_celebrities_brand_endorsements_brand_leadership.asp |date=October 14, 2007 }}, VentureRepublic.com. Retrieved September 14, 2007.</ref> Nike Golf is one of the fastest growing brands in the sport, with an estimated $600 million in sales.<ref name="tm1">Park, Alice., [https://web.archive.org/web/20070707155844/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1609776,00.html "Member of the Club"], ''Time'', April 12, 2007. Retrieved September 12, 2007.</ref> Woods has been described as the "ultimate endorser" for Nike Golf,<ref name="tm1" /> frequently seen wearing Nike gear during tournaments, and even in advertisements for other products.<ref name="ad1" /> Woods receives a percentage from the sales of Nike Golf apparel, footwear, golf equipment, golf balls,<ref name="sbr1" /> and has a building named after him at Nike's headquarters campus in [[Beaverton, Oregon|Beaverton]], Oregon.<ref name="ad3">{{cite news |url=http://dailyiowan.lib.uiowa.edu/DI/2005/di2005-04-14.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221010/http://dailyiowan.lib.uiowa.edu/DI/2005/di2005-04-14.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-10 |url-status=live |page=3B |title=Nike sees dollar signs in Woods' magical shot |newspaper=[[Daily Iowan]] |first=Anne M. |last=Peterson |date=April 14, 2005 |access-date=November 7, 2019 |agency=Associated Press}}</ref> [[File:US Navy 040303-N-5319A-001 Tiger Woods meets Commander Carrier Group Eight (CCG-8) Rear Adm. Denby H. Starling II, on the flag bridge aboard the aircraft carrier USS George Washington (CVN 73).jpg|thumb|Woods visiting aircraft carrier {{USS|George Washington|CVN-73}} in the [[Persian Gulf]] before participating in the 2004 [[Dubai Desert Classic]] ]] In 2002, Woods was involved in every aspect of the launch of [[Buick]]'s [[Buick Rendezvous|Rendezvous]] [[SUV]]. A company spokesman stated that Buick was happy with the value of Woods's endorsement, pointing out that more than 130,000 Rendezvous vehicles were sold in 2002 and 2003. "That exceeded our forecasts," he was quoted as saying, "It has to be in recognition of Tiger." In February 2004, Buick renewed Woods's endorsement contract for another five years, in a deal reportedly worth $40 million.<ref name="ad1" /> Woods collaborated closely with [[TAG Heuer]] to develop the world's first professional golf watch, which was released in April 2005.<ref name="watch1">Krakow, Gary., [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20060421064434/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9773121/ "Tiger Woods watch is a technological stroke"], ''[[MSNBC]].com'', November 7, 2005. Retrieved June 17, 2007.</ref> The lightweight, [[titanium]]-construction watch, incorporates features to facilitate wearing the watch while playing the game. It is capable of absorbing up to 5,000 [[g-force|Gs]] of shock, far in excess of the forces generated by a normal golf swing.<ref name="watch1" /> In 2006, the TAG Heuer ''Professional Golf Watch'' won the prestigious ''[[iF product design award]]'' in the Leisure/Lifestyle category.<ref name="watch2">{{cite web |url=http://www.best-watch.net/news/tag-heuer-monaco-calibre.html |title="Tag Heuer's Innovative Creation Wins Prestigious Award" |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070909093123/http://www.best-watch.net/news/tag-heuer-monaco-calibre.html |archive-date=2007-09-09 |website=best-watch.net Watch News |date=January 31, 2007 |accessdate=September 11, 2007}}</ref> [[File:Woods photo shoot.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Woods preparing for a photo shoot in 2006]] Woods also endorsed the [[Tiger Woods PGA Tour]] series of video games; he has done so since 1999.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Woods |first1=Tiger |last2=Rothman |first2=Wilson |title=Q&A with Tiger Woods |magazine=Time |date=September 26, 2004 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101041004-702139,00.html |access-date=July 8, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126101605/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101041004-702139,00.html |archive-date=January 26, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2006, he signed a six-year contract with [[Electronic Arts]], the series' publisher.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tiger Woods to play another six with EA |website=[[GameSpot]] |date=February 2, 2006 |url=http://www.gamespot.com/news/6143591.html |access-date=July 8, 2009 |first=Tim |last=Surette}}</ref> In February 2007, Woods, [[Roger Federer]], and [[Thierry Henry]] became ambassadors for the "[[Global Gillette|Gillette]] Champions" marketing campaign. Gillette did not disclose financial terms, though an expert estimated the deal could total between $10 million and $20 million.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gillette lands a trio of star endorsers |first=Jenn |last=Abelson |newspaper=Boston Globe |date=February 5, 2007 |access-date=October 17, 2007 |url=https://www.boston.com/business/globe/articles/2007/02/05/gillette_lands_a_trio_of_star_endorsers/}}</ref> In October 2007, [[Gatorade]] announced that Woods would have his own brand of sports drink starting in March 2008. "Gatorade Tiger" was his first U.S. deal with a beverage company and his first licensing agreement. Although no figures were officially disclosed, ''Golfweek'' magazine reported that it was for five years and could pay him as much as $100 million.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gatorade Unveils a Taste of Tiger|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=October 17, 2007|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/16/AR2007101601764.html|access-date=June 25, 2009}}</ref> The company decided in early fall 2009 to discontinue the drink due to weak sales.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/sns-ap-us-tiger-woods-gatorade,0,4088989.story|title=Gatorade confirms it is dropping Tiger Woods drink, but decided to before fateful car wreck|date=December 9, 2009|agency=Associated Press|access-date=December 9, 2009|work=Chicago Tribune|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091213013648/http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/sns-ap-us-tiger-woods-gatorade,0,4088989.story|archive-date=December 13, 2009}}</ref> In October 2012, it was announced that Woods signed an exclusive endorsement deal with Fuse Science, Inc, a [[sports nutrition]] firm.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.pga.com/news/industry-news/sports-nutrition-firm-fuse-science-signs-sponsor-tiger-woods-bag |title=Sports nutrition firm Fuse Science signs on as sponsor of Woods' bag |publisher=[[PGA of America]] |agency=Associated Press |access-date=October 25, 2012 }}</ref> In 1997, Woods and fellow golfer [[Arnold Palmer]] initiated a civil case against Bruce Matthews (the owner of Gotta Have It Golf, Inc.) and others in the effort to stop the unauthorized sale of their images and alleged signatures in the memorabilia market. Matthews and associated parties counterclaimed that Woods and his company, ETW Corporation, committed several acts including breach of contract, breach of implied duty of good faith, and violations of Florida's Deceptive and Unfair Trade Practices Act.<ref>{{cite web |title=Palmer v. Gotta Have It Golf Collectibles, Inc. |url=http://leagle.com/decision/20001395106FSupp2d1289_11249.xml/PALMER%20v.%20GOTTA%20HAVE%20IT%20GOLF%20COLLECTIBLES,%20INC|work=106 F.Supp.2d 1289 (2000) United States District Court, S.D. Florida. June 22, 2000 |access-date=May 24, 2014}}</ref> Palmer also was named in the counter-suit, accused of violating the same licensing agreement in conjunction with his company Arnold Palmer Enterprises. On March 12, 2014, a Florida jury found in favor of Gotta Have It on its breach of contract and other related claims, rejected ETW's counterclaims, and awarded Gotta Have It $668,346 in damages.<ref> *{{cite news |last1=Batterman |first1=L. Robert |title=Tiger Woods Misses the Cut in Golf Memorabilia Dispute |url=http://www.natlawreview.com/article/tiger-woods-misses-cut-golf-memorabilia-dispute |access-date=May 24, 2014 |work=[[National Law Review]] |date=May 17, 2014 |first2=Michael |last2=Cardozo |first3=Robert E. |last3=Freeman |first4=Howard L. |last4=Ganz |first5=Wayne D. |last5=Katz |first6=Joseph M. |last6=Leccese |agency=Proskauer Rose LLP|ref=none}} *Gotta Have It Golf, Inc. v. Arnold Palmer Enterprises, Inc., No. 03-19490 (Fla. Cir. Ct. Jury Verdict), March 12, 2014</ref> The award may end up exceeding $1 million once interest has been factored in, though the ruling may be appealed. In August 2016, Woods announced that he would be seeking a new golf equipment partner<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.bunkered.co.uk/golf-news/tiger-woods-to-seek-new-equipment-partner |title=Tiger Woods to seek new equipment partner |date=August 4, 2016 |magazine=bunkered |first=Michael |last=McEwan}}</ref> after the news of Nike's exit from the equipment industry.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.bunkered.co.uk/golf-news/nike-to-exit-golf-equipment-industry |title=Nike to exit golf equipment industry |date=August 3, 2016 |magazine=bunkered |first=Craig |last=Dennett}}</ref> It was announced on January 25, 2017, that he would be signing a new club deal with [[TaylorMade-Adidas|TaylorMade]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/18550546/after-long-run-nike-tiger-woods-signs-taylormade |title=Tiger Woods' move to TaylorMade |last=Harig |first=Bob |date=January 25, 2017 |work=ESPN}}</ref> He added the 2016 M2 driver along with the 2017 M1 fairway woods, with irons to be custom made at a later date. He also added his [[Scotty Cameron]] Newport 2 GSS, a club he used to win 13 of his 15 majors.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/18544732/golf-tiger-woods-scotty-cameron-world-most-famous-putter |title=Tiger adds Cameron back into bag |last=Sobel |first=Jason |date=January 25, 2017 |work=ESPN}}</ref> Also, in late 2016, he would add [[Monster Energy]] as his primary bag sponsor, replacing MusclePharm.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Sports/tiger-woods-picks-monster-energy-sponsor/story?id=43912844 |title=Tiger Woods picks up Monster Energy |work=ABC News |last=Rovell |first=Darren |date=December 1, 2016}}</ref> On January 8, 2024, Woods announced that he would be parting ways with Nike after 27 years, ending one of the most lucrative endorsements any athlete has had.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Tiger Woods Confirms He Is Splitting With Nike After Over 27 Years |url=https://www.golfmonthly.com/news/tiger-woods-confirms-he-is-splitting-with-nike-after-27-years |magazine=Golf Monthly |first=Jonny |last=Leighfield |date=January 8, 2024}}</ref> ===Accumulated wealth=== Woods has appeared on [[Forbes list of the world's highest-paid athletes]].<ref name="decree" /><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Wicked Game: Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, Tiger Woods, and the Story of Modern Golf |last=Sounes |first=Howard |author-link=Howard Sounes |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |year=2004 |isbn=0-06-051386-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/wickedgame00howa/page/120 120β121, 293] |url=https://archive.org/details/wickedgame00howa/page/120 }}</ref> According to ''Golf Digest'', Woods earned $769,440,709 from 1996 to 2007,<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Fortunate 50 |first=Jonah |last=Freedman |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/specials/fortunate50/2007/ |magazine=Sports Illustrated |year=2007 |access-date=May 20, 2008 |archive-date=May 5, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505010328/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/more/specials/fortunate50/2007/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> and the magazine predicted that Woods would pass a billion dollars in earnings by 2010.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Golf Digest 50 |work=[[Golf Digest]] |url=http://www.golfdigest.com/magazine/2008/02/gd50 |access-date=January 11, 2007 |date=February 2008 |first=Ron |last=Sirak |archive-date=January 18, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118205423/http://www.golfdigest.com/magazine/2008/02/gd50 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2009, ''[[Forbes]]'' confirmed that Woods was indeed the world's first professional athlete to earn over a billion dollars in his career, after accounting for the $10 million bonus Woods received for the [[FedEx Cup]] title.<ref> *{{cite web|title=Report: Tiger richest athlete in history|work=ESPN|date=October 2, 2009|url=https://www.espn.com/golf/news/story?id=4524640|access-date=October 2, 2009|ref=none}} *{{cite web |title=Woods is sports' first billion-dollar man |work=Forbes |publisher=Yahoo! Sports |date=October 1, 2009 |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/golf/pga/news?slug=ys-forbestiger100109&prov=yhoo&type=lgns |access-date=October 2, 2009 |first=Kurt |last=Badenhausen |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091006033934/http://sports.yahoo.com/golf/pga/news?slug=ys-forbestiger100109&prov=yhoo&type=lgns |archive-date=October 6, 2009|ref=none}}</ref> The same year, Forbes estimated his net worth to be $600 million, making him the second [[Black billionaires|richest]] [[person of color]] in the United States, behind only [[Oprah Winfrey]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=The Wealthiest Black Americans |last=Miller |first=Matthew |magazine=Forbes |date=May 6, 2009 |url=https://www.forbes.com/2009/05/06/richest-black-americans-busienss-billionaires-richest-black-americans.html |access-date=December 17, 2009}}</ref> In 2015, Woods ranked ninth in [[Forbes list of the world's highest-paid athletes]], being the top among Asian Americans or the fourth among African Americans.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/athletes/ Forbes' list of world's highest-paid athletes], Forbes.</ref> As of 2017, Woods was considered to be the highest-paid golfer in the world.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://noobnorm.com/golfers/|title=How Much Do The World's Top 10 Golfers Earn Per Shot?|date=November 20, 2017|first1=David|last1=McSweeney|newspaper=Noobnorm|access-date=April 3, 2018|archive-date=April 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403234921/https://noobnorm.com/golfers/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2022, Woods was the first golfer to have a net worth over one billion dollars,<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Tiger Woods reaches another mind-blowing milestone: $1 billion in net worth, according to Forbes |url=https://www.golfdigest.com/story/tiger-woods-reaches-1-billion-dollars-in-net-worth-according-to-forbes |magazine=Golf Digest |first=Tod |last=Leonard |date=June 10, 2022 |access-date=2022-07-13}}</ref> making him one of the [[List of celebrities by net worth|richest celebrities]]. ===Tiger-proofing=== Early in Woods's career, a small number of golf industry analysts expressed concern about his impact on the competitiveness of the game and the public appeal of professional golf. Sportswriter Bill Lyon of [[Knight Ridder]] asked in a column, "Isn't Tiger Woods actually bad for golf?" (though Lyon ultimately concluded that he was not).<ref name="Bad">{{cite news |title=Woods bad for golf? There's an unplayable lie |newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |last=Lyon |first=Bill |date=August 16, 2000 }}</ref> At first, some pundits feared that Woods would drive the spirit of competition out of the game of golf by making existing courses obsolete and relegating opponents to simply competing for second place each week. A related effect was measured by [[University of California, Berkeley|University of California]] economist Jennifer Brown, who found that other golfers scored worse when competing against Woods than when he was not in the tournament. The scores of highly skilled golfers are nearly one stroke higher when playing against Woods. This effect was larger when he was on winning streaks and disappeared during his well-publicized slump in 2003β04. Brown explains the results by noting that competitors of similar skill can hope to win by increasing their level of effort, but that, when facing a "superstar" competitor, extra exertion does not significantly raise one's level of winning while increasing risk of injury or exhaustion, leading to reduced effort.<ref>Brown, Jennifer; [http://home.business.utah.edu/finmh/Brown_Quitters_Never_Win.pdf ''Quitters Never Win: The (Adverse) Incentive Effects of Competing with Superstars''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120417030936/http://home.business.utah.edu/finmh/Brown_Quitters_Never_Win.pdf |date=April 17, 2012 }}, Job Market Paper, November 2007</ref> Many courses in the PGA Tour rotation (including major championship sites like [[Augusta National Golf Club|Augusta National]]) have added yardage to their tees in an effort to reduce the advantage of long hitters like Woods, in a strategy that became known as "Tiger-proofing".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Harig |first1=Bob |title='Tiger-proofing' Augusta took a toll on all |date=March 27, 2011 |url=https://www.espn.com/golf/masters11/columns/story?columnist=harig_bob&page=110329-RTTMasters |work=ESPN |access-date=April 13, 2020}}</ref> Woods said he welcomed the change, in that adding yardage to courses did not affect his ability to win.<ref name="Open2005">{{cite news|title=Tiger Woods Press Conference:The Open Championship |publisher=TigerWoods.com |agency=ASAP Sports |date=July 12, 2005 |url=http://www.tigerwoods.com/defaultflash.sps?page=fullstorynews&iNewsID=199184&categoryID=&pagenumber=1&cat=0 |access-date=May 13, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070316104728/http://www.tigerwoods.com/defaultflash.sps?page=fullstorynews&iNewsID=199184&categoryID=&pagenumber=1&cat=0 |archive-date=March 16, 2007}}</ref>
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