Editing Texas hold 'em (section)

=== Television and film ===
{{Main|Poker on television}}
Prior to poker becoming widely televised, the movie ''[[Rounders (1998 film)|Rounders]]'' (1998), starring [[Matt Damon]] and [[Edward Norton]], gave moviegoers a romantic view of the game as a way of life despite the poker portrayed being often criticized by more serious players.{{Citation needed|date=February 2020}} Texas hold 'em was the main game played during the movie and the no-limit variety was described, following Doyle Brunson, as the "Cadillac of Poker". A clip of the classic showdown between [[Johnny Chan (poker player)|Johnny Chan]] and [[Erik Seidel]] from the [[1988 World Series of Poker]] was also incorporated into the film.<ref name="imbdrounders">{{cite web |title=Rounders (1998) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0128442/ |publisher=IMDb |access-date=October 27, 2006 |archive-date=November 9, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061109173200/http://imdb.com/title/tt0128442/ |url-status=live }}</ref> More recently, a high-stakes Texas hold 'em game was central to the plot of the 2006 [[James Bond]] film [[Casino Royale (2006 film)|''Casino Royale'']], in place of [[Baccarat (card game)|baccarat]], the casino game central to the [[Casino Royale (novel)|novel of the same name]] on which the film was based. In 2008, an acclaimed short film called ''[[Shark Out of Water]]'' was released on DVD. This film is unique in that it deals with the darker, more addictive elements of the game, and features [[Phil Hellmuth]] and [[Brad Booth]].

Hold 'em tournaments had been televised since the late 1970s, but they did not become popular until 1999, when hidden [[Hole cam|lipstick cameras]] were first used to show players' private hole cards on the ''[[Late Night Poker]]'' TV show in the United Kingdom.<ref name="lnpoker">{{cite web |title=Late Night Poker: About the Show |url=http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/tv/microsites/P/poker/about_the_show.html |publisher=Channel 4 |access-date=October 27, 2006 |archive-date=May 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527132711/http://www.channel4.com/entertainment/tv/microsites/P/poker/about_the_show.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Hold 'em exploded in popularity as a spectator sport in the United States and Canada in early 2003, when the World Poker Tour adopted the lipstick cameras idea. A few months later, [[ESPN]]'s coverage of the 2003 World Series of Poker featured the unexpected victory of Internet player [[Chris Moneymaker]], an amateur player who gained admission to the tournament by winning a series of online tournaments. Moneymaker's victory initiated a sudden surge of interest in the series (along with internet poker), based on the [[Egalitarianism|egalitarian]] idea that anyone—even a rank novice—could become a world champion.<ref name="Moneymaker">{{cite journal |last=Krieger |first=Lou |date=July 30, 2004 |title=How Big Can the World Series of Poker Become? |journal=Card Player Magazine |volume=17 |issue=16 |pages=36–38}}</ref>

In 2003, there were 839 entrants in the WSOP main event,<ref name="WSOP2003">{{cite web |title=$10,000 World Championship Event |url=http://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=5558 |publisher=Hendon Mob |access-date=October 27, 2006 |archive-date=June 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604193934/https://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=5558 |url-status=live }}</ref> and triple that number in 2004.<ref name="WSOP2004">{{cite web |title=$10,000 World Championship Event |url=http://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=6628 |publisher=Hendon Mob |access-date=October 27, 2006 |archive-date=July 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704171621/https://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=6628 |url-status=live }}</ref> The crowning of the [[2004 World Series of Poker|2004 WSOP]] champion, [[Greg Raymer|Greg "Fossilman" Raymer]], a [[patent attorney]] from Connecticut, further fueled the popularity of the event among amateur (and particularly Internet) players.<ref name="Raymer">{{cite web |title=Greg Raymer |url=http://www.pokerstars.com/team-pokerstars/greg-raymer/ |publisher=Poker Stars |access-date=October 27, 2006 |archive-date=October 14, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061014231546/http://www.pokerstars.com/team-pokerstars/greg-raymer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the [[World Series of Poker, 2005|2005 main event]], an unprecedented 5,619 entrants vied for a first prize of $7,500,000. The winner, [[Joe Hachem]] of Australia, was a semi-professional player.<ref name="WSOP2005">{{cite web |title=$10,000 No Limit Texas Hold'em: World Championship Event |url=http://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=14015 |publisher=Hendon Mob |access-date=October 27, 2006 |archive-date=January 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230104194230/https://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=14015 |url-status=live }}</ref> This growth continued in [[2006 World Series of Poker|2006]], with 8,773 entrants and a first place prize of $12,000,000 (won by [[Jamie Gold]]).<ref name="WSOP2006">{{cite web |title=$10,000 No Limit Texas Hold'em: World Championship Event |url=http://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=15849 |publisher=Hendon Mob  | access-date=October 27, 2006| archive-date=August 20, 2006| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060820161949/http://pokerdb.thehendonmob.com/event.php?a=r&n=15849  | url-status=live}}</ref>

Beyond the series, other television shows—including the long running ''[[World Poker Tour]]''—are credited with increasing the popularity of Texas hold 'em.<ref name="WPTPopularity">{{cite journal |last=Stutz |first=Howard |date=July 20, 2006 |title=WPT hit with lawsuit |journal=Knight-Ridder Tribune Business News |pages=Lexis–Nexis}}</ref> In addition to its presence on network and general audience cable television,<ref>Examples of poker on general audience television include ''[[Poker After Dark]]'' ([[NBC]]), ''[[High Stakes Poker]]'' ([[Game Show Network|GSN]]), and the aforementioned ''World Poker Tour'' (formerly [[the Travel Channel]], now GSN)</ref>  poker has now become a regular part of sports networks' programming in the United States.<ref name="FSNFall">{{cite journal |last=Lewis |first=Christian |date=September 5, 2006 |title=FSN Bulks Up on Bowls |journal=Multichannel News |pages=24}}</ref>