Editing Technetium (section)

===Irreproducible results===
[[File:Periodisches System der Elemente (1904-1945, now Gdansk University of Technology).jpg|thumb|right|{{lang|de|Periodisches System der Elemente}} (Periodic system of the elements) (1904–1945, now at the [[Gdańsk University of Technology]]): lack of elements: [[polonium]] {{sup|84}}Po (though discovered as early as in 1898 by [[Marie Curie|Maria Sklodowska-Curie]]), [[astatine]] {{sup|85}}At (1940, in Berkeley), [[francium]] {{sup|87}}Fr (1939, in France), neptunium {{sup|93}}Np (1940, in Berkeley) and other [[actinide]]s and [[lanthanide]]s. Uses old symbols for: [[argon]] {{sup|18}}Ar (here: A), '''technetium {{sup|43}}Tc''' (Ma, masurium), [[xenon]] {{sup|54}}Xe (X), [[radon]] {{sup|86}}Rn (Em, emanation).]]

German chemists [[Walter Noddack]], [[Otto Berg (scientist)|Otto Berg]], and [[Ida Tacke]] reported the discovery of element&nbsp;75 and element&nbsp;43 in 1925, and named element&nbsp;43 ''masurium'' (after [[Masuria]] in eastern [[Prussia]], now in [[Poland]], the region where Walter Noddack's family originated).<ref name=multidict/> This name caused significant resentment in the scientific community, because it was interpreted as referring to a [[First Battle of the Masurian Lakes|series]] of [[Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes|victories]] of the German army over the Russian army in the Masuria region during World War I; as the Noddacks remained in their academic positions while the Nazis were in power, suspicions and hostility against their claim for discovering element&nbsp;43 continued.<ref name=Scerri/> The group bombarded [[columbite]] with a beam of [[electron]]s and deduced element&nbsp;43 was present by examining [[X-ray]] emission [[spectrogram]]s.{{sfn|Emsley|2001|p=423}} The [[wavelength]] of the X-rays produced is related to the atomic number by a [[Moseley's law|formula]] derived by [[Henry Moseley]] in 1913. The team claimed to detect a faint X-ray signal at a wavelength produced by element&nbsp;43. Later experimenters could not replicate the discovery, and it was dismissed as an error.<ref name="armstrong">{{cite journal |last=Armstrong |first=J.T. |date=2003 |title=Technetium |journal=Chemical & Engineering News |volume=81 |issue=36 |pages=110 |doi=10.1021/cen-v081n036.p110 |url=http://pubs.acs.org/cen/80th/technetium.html |access-date=2009-11-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=K. A.|last=Nies |date=2001 |title=Ida Tacke and the warfare behind the discovery of fission |url=http://www.hypatiamaze.org/ida/tacke.html |access-date=2009-05-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090809125217/http://www.hypatiamaze.org/ida/tacke.html |archive-date = 2009-08-09}}</ref> Still, in 1933, a series of articles on the discovery of elements quoted the name ''masurium'' for element&nbsp;43.<ref>{{cite journal |last = Weeks |first = M.E. |date = 1933 |title = The discovery of the elements. XX. Recently discovered elements |journal = Journal of Chemical Education |volume = 10 |issue = 3 |pages = 161–170|doi = 10.1021/ed010p161 |bibcode = 1933JChEd..10..161W }}</ref> Some more recent attempts have been made to rehabilitate the Noddacks' claims, but they are disproved by [[Paul Kuroda]]'s study on the amount of technetium that could have been present in the ores they studied: it could not have exceeded {{nobr|3 × {{10^|−11}} μg/kg}} of ore, and thus would have been undetectable by the Noddacks' methods.<ref name=Scerri>{{cite book |first=Eric |last=Scerri |author-link=Eric Scerri |title=A tale of seven elements |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-19-539131-2 |pages=109–114, 125–131}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Habashi |first1=Fathi |date=2006 |title=The History of Element 43—Technetium |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed083p213.1 |journal=Journal of Chemical Education |volume=83 |issue=2 |pages=213 |doi=10.1021/ed083p213.1 |bibcode=2006JChEd..83..213H |access-date=2 January 2023}}</ref>