Editing Sumba (section)

===Ancient civilization ruins===
[[File:111. Graf met daarvoor een monolieth met tot een masker verloopen lijk-ornament, te Katakiri, be-W.Z.W. van bivak Wai Bakoel (landschap Anakalang, West Soemba) vergelijk no. 109. op den achtergrond, KITLV 503298.tiff|thumb|left|250px|One of the monolith structures in West Sumba.]]
The ruins of the historical civilization of the Sumba people dates back to the [[Before Christ|BC]] era; [[megalithic tomb|megalithic burials]] were found on the central regions of the island (Central Sumba) which go back to thousands of years ago. These stone-based burial traditions are still kept alive by the Sumba people and have become a 'living ancient tradition' that still can be observed by scholars in modern days.<ref name="RichterCarpenter2012">{{cite book|last1=Richter|first1=Anne|last2=Carpenter|first2=Bruce W.|last3=Carpenter|first3=Bruce|author4=Sundermann, Jorg |title=Gold Jewellery of the Indonesian Archipelago|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cBv6du4tKwYC&pg=PA119|access-date=2 February 2013|date=16 May 2012|publisher=Editions Didier Millet|isbn=978-981-4260-38-1|page=119}}</ref> The megalithic remains found on Sumba Island include dolmen tombs, upright stones, megalithic statues, stone enclosures, and levelled terraces. The Sumba megalithic tradition itself was characterized by the old megaliths built and carved with high quality standards.<ref name="KT">{{cite web|url=https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpcbbali/kampung-tarung-sumba/|title=Kampung Tarung Sumba|language=id|trans-title=Tarung Settlement of Sumba|year=2018}}</ref> Some ancient tools are also found on the island. Notable findings are quadrangular [[adze]]s unearthed in the [[Anakalang]] area (a cultural region of Anakalang Sumba, a subethnic group of Sumba people).<ref name="Simanjuntak2006">{{cite book|last=Simanjuntak|first=Truman|title=Archaeology: Indonesian Perspective : R.P. Soejono's Festschrift|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dSFfD0dpdS4C&pg=PA288|access-date=2 February 2013|year=2006|publisher=Yayasan Obor Indonesia|isbn=978-979-26-2499-1|page=288}}</ref>

One significant archaeological discovery was that of the urn burial site in Melolo<ref>{{cite web |title= Melolo, map |website= google.com/maps |url= https://www.google.com/maps/place/Melolo,+Watu+Hadang,+Umalulu,+Kabupaten+de+Sumba+oriental,+Nusa+Tenggara+oriental,+Indon%C3%A9sie/@-9.8685018,120.5595301,11.92z/data=!4m6!3m5!1s0x2c4c5bba5a49a347:0xc221a09fd33d22e5!8m2!3d-9.896948!4d120.652496!16s%2Fg%2F1tg37hyb?entry=ttu }}</ref> in the 1920s,<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Handini |first1= Retno |last2= Noerwidi |first2= Sofwan |last3= Sofian |first3= Harry Octavianus |last4= Fauzi |first4= Ruly |last5= Prasetyo |first5= Unggul |last6= Geria |first6= I Made |last7= Ririmasse |first7= Marlon |last8= Nasution |first8= Devi Ayu Aurora |last9= Rahayuni |first9= Restu Ambar |last10= Simanjuntak |first10= Truman |date= July–August 2023 |title= New evidence on the early human occupation in Sumba Islands |trans-title= Nouvelles preuves de l’occupation humaine précoce dans les îles de Sumba |journal= L'Anthropologie |volume= 127 |issue= 3 |pages= |url= https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003552123000389 |access-date= 2024-06-15 }}</ref> dated around 2,870 [[Common Era|BCE]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Koesbardiati |first1= Toetik |last2= Murti |first2= Delta Bayu |last3= Herina |first3= Dessytri Ayu |last4= Sari |first4= Ayu Ambar |date= 2018 |title= The occurrence of enamel hypoplasia, porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia in three prehistoric skeletal assemblages from Indonesia |journal= Bull Int Assoc Paleodont. |volume= 12 |issue= 2 |pages= 33-40 |url= https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/313414 |access-date= 2024-06-15 }}</ref>