Editing Sumatra (section)

== Ethnic groups ==
The largest indigenous ethnic groups in Sumatra are Malays, Minangkabaus, Bataks, Acehnese, and Lampungs. Other major non-indigenous ethnic groups are [[Javanese people|Javanese]], [[Sundanese people|Sundanese]], and [[Indonesian Chinese|Chinese]].

Below are 11 largest ethnic groups in Sumatra based on the 2010 census (including [[Riau Islands]], [[Bangka Belitung]], [[Nias island|Nias]], [[Mentawai islands|Mentawai]], [[Simeulue island|Simeulue]] and islands around it)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Badan Pusat Statistik|url=https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2012/05/23/55eca38b7fe0830834605b35/kewarganegaraan-suku-bangsa-agama-dan-bahasa-sehari-hari-penduduk-indonesia.html|website=www.bps.go.id|access-date=2021-12-19|archive-date=8 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508052427/https://www.bps.go.id/publication/2012/05/23/55eca38b7fe0830834605b35/kewarganegaraan-suku-bangsa-agama-dan-bahasa-sehari-hari-penduduk-indonesia.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Ethnic groups
!Population
|-
|[[Javanese people|Javanese]]
|15,239,275
|-
|[[Bataks]]
|7,302,330
|-
|[[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]]
|5,799,001
|-
|Ethnic groups from South Sumatera
|4,826,272
|-
|[[Malays in Indonesia|Malays]]
|4,016,182
|-
|Ethnic groups from Aceh
|3,991,883
|-
|Ethnic groups from Jambi
|1,379,351
|-
|[[Sundanese people|Sundanese]]
|1,231,888
|-
|Ethnic groups from Lampung
|1,109,601
|-
|[[Nias people|Nias]]
|1,021,267
|-
|Other
|2,086,804
|}

===Languages===
[[File:WIKITONGUES- T.A., Iqbal, and Kalam speaking Acehnese.webm|thumb|Speakers of Acehnese.]]
[[File:KedukanBukit001.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Kedukan Bukit Inscription]], using [[Pallava alphabet]], is the oldest surviving specimen of the [[Old Malay]] language in [[South Sumatra]], Indonesia.]]
There are over 52 [[Languages of Indonesia|languages]] spoken, all of which (except Chinese and Tamil) belong to the [[Malayo-Polynesian languages|Malayo-Polynesian]] branch of the [[Austronesian languages|Austronesian]] language family. Within Malayo-Polynesian, they are divided into several sub-branches: [[Chamic languages|Chamic]] (which are represented by [[Acehnese language|Acehnese]] in which its closest relatives are languages spoken by [[Cham people|Ethnic Chams]] in Cambodia and Vietnam), [[Malayic languages|Malayic]] ([[Malay language|Malay]], [[Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]] and other closely related languages), [[Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands languages|Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands]] ([[Batak languages]], [[Gayo language|Gayo]] and others), [[Lampung language|Lampungic]] (includes Proper Lampung and [[Komering language|Komering]]) and [[Bornean languages|Bornean]] (represented by [[Rejangese language|Rejang]] in which its closest linguistic relatives are [[Bukar Sadong language|Bukar Sadong]] and [[Land Dayak languages|Land Dayak]] spoken in [[West Kalimantan]] and [[Sarawak]] ([[Malaysia]])). Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands and Lampungic branches are endemic to the island. Like all parts of Indonesia, [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] (which was based on Riau Malay) is the official language and the main lingua franca. Although Sumatra has its own local lingua franca, [[Malayan languages|variants of Malay]] like Medan Malay and [[Musi language|Palembang Malay]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lFW1BwAAQBAJ&q=palembang+malay+lingua+franca&pg=PA675 |title=Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and the Americas: Vol. I: Maps. Vol II: Texts |date=1996 |publisher=Mouton de Gruyter |editor-last=Wurm |editor-first=Stephen A. |location=Berlin and New York |isbn=9783110819724 |editor-last2=Mühlhäusler |editor-first2=Peter |editor-last3=Tryon |editor-first3=Darrell T. |via=Google Books}}</ref> are popular in North and South Sumatra, especially in urban areas. Minangkabau (Padang dialect)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Minangkabau Language |url=http://gcanthminangkabau.wikispaces.com/Minangkabau+Language |website=gcanthminangkabau.wikispaces.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404054907/https://gcanthminangkabau.wikispaces.com/Minangkabau+Language |archive-date=4 April 2014}}</ref> is popular in West Sumatra, some parts of North Sumatra, Bengkulu, Jambi and Riau (especially in [[Pekanbaru]] and areas bordered with [[West Sumatra]]) while Acehnese is also used as an inter-ethnic means of communication in some parts of Aceh province.

===Religion===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Religions !! Total 
|-
| [[Islam]] || 53,409,001
|-
| [[Protestant]] || 5,592,010
|-
| [[Roman Catholic]] || 1,023,603
|-
| [[Buddhism]] || 832,415
|-
| [[Hinduism]] || 193,917
|-
| [[Confucianism]] || 37,214
|-
| [[Aliran Kepercayaan]] || 10,893
|-
| '''Overall''' || '''61,099,053''' 
|}<ref name="RELIGION">{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|publisher=[[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]|date=31 December 2023|access-date=11 March 2024|language=id |title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan }}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religion in Sumatra (2023)<ref name="RELIGION">{{cite web|url=https://gis.dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id/peta/|publisher=[[Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]|date=31 December 2023|access-date=11 March 2024|language=id |title=Visualisasi Data Kependudukan }}</ref>
|label1 = [[Islam]]
|value1 = 87.41
|color1 = DarkGreen
|label2 = [[Protestantism]]
|value2 = 9.15
|color2 = DarkBlue
|label3 = [[Roman Catholic]]
|value3 = 1.68
|color3 = Purple
|label5 = [[Hinduism]]
|value5 = 0.32
|color5 = DarkOrange
|label7 = [[Folk religion]]
|value7 = 0.02
|color7 = Black
|label4 = [[Buddhism]]
|value4 = 1.36
|color4 = Yellow
|label6 = [[Confucianism]]
|value6 = 0.061
|color6 = Red
}}
The majority of people in Sumatra are Muslims (87.12%), while 10.69% are Christians, and less than 2.19% are Buddhists and Hindus.<ref name="2010 census">{{Citation |last=Badan Pusat Statistik |title=Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia |url=https://www.bps.go.id/website/pdf_publikasi/watermark%20_Kewarganegaraan,%20Suku%20Bangsa,%20Agama%20dan%20Bahasa_281211.pdf |trans-title=Citizenship, Ethnicity, Religion, and the Everyday Languages of Indonesian Citizens |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923194534/http://www.bps.go.id/website/pdf_publikasi/watermark%20_Kewarganegaraan%2C%20Suku%20Bangsa%2C%20Agama%20dan%20Bahasa_281211.pdf |publisher=Badan Pusat Statistik |language=id |isbn=978-979-064-417-5 |access-date=5 January 2019 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>