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===Geographical occurrence=== Spinel has long been found in the [[gemstone]]-bearing gravel of [[Sri Lanka]] and in [[limestone]]s of the Badakshan Province in modern-day [[Afghanistan]] and [[Tajikistan]]; and of [[Mogok]] in [[Myanmar]]. Over the last decades gem quality spinels are found in the marbles of [[Lục Yên District]] ([[Vietnam]]), [[Mahenge Mountains|Mahenge]] and Matombo ([[Tanzania]]), Tsavo ([[Kenya]]) and in the gravels of Tunduru ([[Tanzania]]) and Ilakaka ([[Madagascar]]).{{sfn|Pardieu|Farkhodova|2019}}<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pardieu |first1=Vincent |first2=R. W. |last2=Hughes |first3=E. |last3=Boehm |journal=InColor Magazine |title=Spinel: Resurrection of a classic |year=2008 |pages=10–18 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264973257 |accessdate=29 April 2021}}</ref> Since 2000, in several locations around the world, spinels have been discovered with unusual vivid pink or blue colors. Such "glowing" spinels are known from Mogok (Myanmar),<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.gia.edu/gems-gemology/spring-2014-pardieu-jedi-spinels-in-mogok/|first=Vincent|last=Pardieu|title=Hunting for "Jedi" Spinels in Mogok|journal=Gems & Gemology|volume=50|number= 1|date=2014|pages=46–57|doi=10.5741/GEMS.50.1.46|doi-access=free}}</ref> Mahenge plateau (Tanzania), Lục Yên District (Vietnam)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wondermondo.com/blue-spinel-in-luc-yen/|author=Wondermondo|title=Finds of cobalt blue spinel in Lục Yên, Vietnam|date=16 June 2019}}</ref> and some more localities. In 2018 bright blue spinels have been reported also in the southern part of [[Baffin Island]] (Canada).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mining.com/scientists-figure-origin-cobalt-blue-spinel-canadas-arctic/|author=Mining.Com|title=Scientists figure out origin of cobalt-blue spinel in Canada's Arctic|date=5 April 2019}}</ref> The pure blue coloration of spinel is caused by small additions of [[cobalt]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276519619|author=Boris Chauviré, Benjamin Rondeau, Emmanuel Fritsch, Phillipe Ressigeac, and Jean-Luc Devidal|title=Blue Spinel From the Luc Yen District of Vietnam|journal=Gems & Gemology|date=Spring 2015}}</ref>
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