Editing South West Africa (section)

===Bantustans (1968–1980)===
{{Main article|Bantustan}}
The South African authorities established 10 [[bantustan]]s in South West Africa in the late 1960s and early 1970s in accordance with the [[Odendaal Commission]], three of which were granted self-rule.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Namibia_homelands.html|title=Namibian Homelands|first=Ben|last=Cahoon|website=www.worldstatesmen.org|access-date=2008-03-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525214100/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Namibia_homelands.html|archive-date=2011-05-25|url-status=live}}</ref> These bantustans were replaced with separate ethnicity based second-tier representative authorities in 1980.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Bantustan
!Capital<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.long-damato.northwestern.edu/Pages-papers2/bantustan-proposals-SWAfrica.pdf|title=''South-West Africa, Proposed Homelands.'' in: The Bantustan Proposals for South-West Africa, p 179.|access-date=19 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160626094847/http://www.long-damato.northwestern.edu/Pages-papers2/bantustan-proposals-SWAfrica.pdf|archive-date=26 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
!Most represented tribe
!Legislative Council established
!Self-government
!Representative Authority years
|-
|{{flag|Ovamboland}}
|[[Ondangwa|Ondangua]]
|[[Ovambo people|Ovambo]]
|1968<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1968|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1969|pages=309–310}}</ref>
|1973<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1973|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1974|pages=384}}</ref>
|1980<ref>Representative Authority of the Ovambos Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 23 of 1980)</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18">{{Cite web|title=Constitution of Namibia – Schedules|url=https://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/wa01000_.html|access-date=19 June 2020|archive-date=21 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621204439/https://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/wa01000_.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Kavangoland}}
|[[Rundu]]
|[[Kavango people|Kavango]]
|1970<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1970|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1971|pages=285}}</ref>
|1973<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1973|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1974|pages=392}}</ref>
|1980<ref>Representative Authority of the Kavangos Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 26 of 1980)</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18" />
|-
|{{flag|East Caprivi}}<ref>Renamed "Lozi" in 1975. {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1974|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1975|pages=419}}</ref>
|[[Katima Mulilo]]
|[[Lozi people|Lozi]]
|1972<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1972|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofracerela00horr|url-access=registration|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1973|pages=[https://archive.org/details/surveyofracerela00horr/page/446 446]}}</ref>
|1976<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1977|pages=466}}</ref>
|1980<ref>Representative Authority of the Caprivians Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 29 of 1980)</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18" />
|-
|{{flagicon image|Flag of Namaland.svg}} [[Namaland]]
|[[Keetmanshoop]]
|[[Nama people|Nama]]
|1976<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1977|pages=465}}</ref>
|—
|1980<ref>Representative Authority of the Namas Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 35 of 1980)</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18" />
|-
|{{flag|Rehoboth}}
|[[Rehoboth, Namibia|Rehoboth]]
|[[Baster]]<ref>An elected Advisory Council for the Rehoboth Basters had already existed since 1928: {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1977|pages=463}}</ref>
|1977<ref>Rehoboth Self-Government Act, 1976 (Act No. 56 of 1976)</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1976|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1977|pages=463–465}}, {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1977|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1978|pages=601–602}}</ref>
|—<ref>Self-government in terms of the pre-1980 homelands system was provided for in the Rehoboth Self-Government Act, 1976 (Act No. 56 of 1976), but was only partially implemented before 1980. A "Kaptein's Council" as the executive and a Legislative Council were established in 1977.</ref>
|1980<ref>The institutional framework established according to the Rehoboth Self-Government Act, 1976 (Act No. 56 of 1976)—a "Kaptein's Council" as the executive and a Legislative Council—remained in force as amended in 1980 and served as the basis of the Rehoboth Representative Authority</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18" /><ref>On 20 March 1990, one day before Namibia finally became independent on 21 March, Rehoboth unilaterally declared its independence from Namibia: {{Cite web|url=http://rehobothbasters.org/casedetails.php?id=213|title=''Declaration of Independence 1990.'' Rehoboth Basters, 20 March 1990|date=24 November 2019|website=Rehoboth Basters|access-date=24 November 2019|archive-date=23 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923202755/http://rehobothbasters.org/casedetails.php?id=213|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Damaraland}}
|[[Khorixas|Welwitschia]]
|[[Damara people|Damara]]
|1977<ref>An Advisory Council had been in existence since 1970: {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1970|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1971|pages=286}}</ref><ref>The Damara council established in 1977 was the first institution to receive the title "Representative Authority", already before this designation was introduced in 1980 under the new ethnic second-tier government system also for the other population groups: {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1977|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1978|pages=602}}</ref>
|—
|1980<ref>Representative Authority of the Damaras Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 32 of 1980)</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18" />
|-
|{{flag|Hereroland}}
|[[Okakarara]]
|[[Herero people|Herero]]
|—<ref>Because of internal strife among different Herero groups, no unified institutions were established for the Herero people before 1980. Two districts of Hereroland (West and East) were formed in 1970. The chief of Hereroland West, Clemens Kapuuo, claimed to be the paramount chief of all Hereros since 1970, but this claim was not recognized by the other Herero groups: {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1972|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofracerela00horr|url-access=registration|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1973|pages=[https://archive.org/details/surveyofracerela00horr/page/449 449]}}, {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1975|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1976|pages=340}}</ref>
|—
|1980<ref>Representative Authority of the Hereros Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 50 of 1980)</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18" />
|-
|{{flagicon image|Flag of South Africa (1928–1994).svg}} [[Tswanaland]]
|[[Aminuis]]
|[[Tswana people|Tswana]]
|—
|—
|1980<ref>Representative Authority of the Tswanas Proclamation, 1980 (Proclamation AG. 47 of 1980)</ref>–1989 (1990)<ref name=":18" />
|-
|{{flag|Bushmanland}}
|[[Tsumkwe]]
|[[San people|San]]
|—
|—
|—<ref>"The Bushmen were excluded because they had evinced no interest in having a governing authority." {{Cite book|title=A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa 1980|publisher=South African Institute of Race Relations|year=1981|pages=648}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Kaokoland}}
|[[Opuwo|Ohopoho]]
|[[Himba people|Himba]]
|—
|—
|—<ref>Kaokoland was very scarcely populated and greatly affected by the struggle for independence of Namibia, and most specifically by the so-called "[[South African Border War|bush war]]" that was fought across the border with Angola. No unified institutions were established in Kaokoland either before or after 1980.</ref>
|}

<gallery>
File:Namibia homelands 78.jpeg|[[Bantustan]]s in South West Africa as of 1978
File:Plan Odendaal.png|Allocation of land to Bantustans according to the [[Odendaal Plan]], with grey being the [[Etosha National Park]]
</gallery>