Editing Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act (section)

== Tariff levels ==
[[File:Average Tariff Rates in USA (1821-2016).png|thumb|450px|Average tariff rates in the United States, 1821–2016]]

In the two-volume series published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, "The Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, Bicentennial Edition", tariff rates have been represented in two forms. The dutiable tariff rate peak of 1932 was 59.1%, second only to the 61.7% rate of 1830.<ref>{{Cite web |last=DeSilver |first=Drew |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/03/22/u-s-tariffs-are-among-the-lowest-in-the-world-and-in-the-nations-history/ |title = U.S. Tariffs are among the lowest in the world – and in the nation's history |date=March 22, 2018 |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref>

However, 63% of all imports in 1933 were not taxed, which the dutiable tariff rate does not reflect. The free and dutiable rate in 1929 was 13.5% and peaked under Smoot–Hawley in 1933 at 19.8%, one-third below the average 29.7% "free and dutiable rate" in the United States from 1821 to 1900.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970, Bicentennial Edition|volume=Part 2|page=888|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/statistical_abstract.html|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}} Table: Series U207-212 (Part 2 ZIP file: file named CT1970p2-08.pdf).</ref> The average tariff rate, which was applied on dutiable imports,<ref name=":0">{{citation |author=Office of Analysis and Research Services |date=March 2017 |title=U.S. imports for consumption, duties collected, and ratio of duties to value, 1891–2016. U.S. imports for consumption under tariff preference programs, 1976–2016 |publisher=U.S. International Trade Commission |url=https://www.usitc.gov/documents/dataweb/ave_table_1891_2016.pdf}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Citation | url=https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/1208 |title = Historical Statistics of the United States: Colonial Times to 1957|year = 1960}}</ref> increased from 40.1% in 1929 to 59.1% in 1932 (+19%).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />