Editing Slavonski Brod (section)

==History==
A favorable geographical location, pleasant continental climate, fertile soil and being in the vicinity of the river Sava have all resulted with the city being inhabited since a prehistoric age.

=== Prehistory ===

The northeastern part of the city, at Galovo, recently revealed a rich deposit of the [[Starčevo culture]], dating in the Early Stone Age. Besides the fact that this is the largest archaeological finding in northern Croatia, it proves that the locality of Brod has been inhabited for at least 8,000 years.

=== Roman period ===
The first historical settlement in Brod dates from [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times, the settlement being known as ''Marsonia''. It is still disputed whether Marsonia was a postal station, lodging for the night or an actual settlement.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}}

The [[Peutinger map]] refers to Marsonia as Marsonie, while the work "[[Notitia Dignitatum]]" has Marsonia under the name of "Auxilia Ascaria Tauruno sive Marsonia". The issue of Marsonia becoming a city has been tackled by the publishers of [[Ptolemy]]'s [[Geography (Ptolemy)|geography]], dating from the 16th century. The first geographer who located the position of Marsonia at the locality of Brod was [[Abraham Ortelius]], who, in his atlas [[Theatrum orbis terrarum]] ([[Antwerp]] 1590) published a map, the objective of which was to reconstruct and connect the antic names of [[Panonia]]n and [[Illyria|Illyric]] settlements with the towns of that time. It was he who placed Marsonia at today's location of Brod.

Peutinger's table clearly shows that Marsonia initially existed next to the Sava river, at the place where the Roman road crossed the river. The first Croatian expert, claiming that the Roman MARSVNNIA was located where Brod is now is [[Matija Petar Katančić]], giving this assertion additional support.

=== Modern history ===
The [[Slavs]] settled in the area of the city in the 6th century. The name of the town is mentioned for the first time in [[Béla IV|Bela IV of Hungary]]'s charter, dated 1224. The Vukovac fortress was built in the 15th century, subsequently damaged by the Turks. The [[Ottoman Empire]] controlled the settlement from 1536<ref>Treasures of Yugoslavia, published by Yugoslaviapublic, Beograd, available in English, German and Serbo-Croatian, 664 pages, 1980</ref> until 1691, when it was ceded to the [[Empire of Austria]], as confirmed by the [[Treaty of Karlowitz]] in 1699. Until 1918, Brod (named ''Brood'' before 1850)<ref>Handbook of Austria and Lombardy-Venetia Cancellations on the Postage Stamp Issues 1850-1864, by Edwin MUELLER, 1961.</ref> remained in the [[Austrian monarchy]] ([[Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia]] after the [[compromise of 1867]]), in the [[Slavonian Military Frontier]], under the administration of the ''Brooder Grenz-Infanterie-Regiment N°VII'' until 1881. A huge [[Vauban]] type fortress was built east of Vukovac.

Alongside its defence role the city saw steady development of crafts and commerce. The education and culture were strongly dominated by the [[Franciscans]]. The 20th century was a period of strong economic growth of the city, with the 1920s being called "the Golden Age of Brod". The city's current name dates from 1934 when it was changed from Brod na Savi.

From 1941 to 1945 the city was part of the [[Independent State of Croatia]]. The town was heavily bombed by the Allies in 1944 and 1945. The bombing resulted in damage to 80% of the buildings in Slavonski Brod.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nacional.hr/articles/view/13720/5/|title=Ne može se utvrditi koliko su Hrvata ubili saveznici|work=[[Nacional (weekly)|Nacional]]|language=hr|trans-title=It cannot be determined how many Croats were killed by the Allies|author=Saša Kosanović|date=27 January 2004|access-date=30 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728161825/http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/13720/ne-moze-se-utvrditi-koliko-su-hrvata-ubili-saveznici|archive-date=28 July 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> The bombing resulted in 897 civilian deaths, 244 military deaths, 208 wounded civilians, and 28 military wounded in Slavonski Brod and [[Bosanski Brod]].<ref name="Obradov">[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/11332 Saveznička bombardiranja Slavonskog i Bosanskog Broda i okolnih mjesta tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata]</ref> [[State Archives in Slavonski Brod|Historical Archive of Slavonski Brod]] was established in the city in 1959.<ref name="Arhinet">{{cite web |url=http://arhinet.arhiv.hr/details.aspx?ItemId=3_8100 |title= Državni arhiv u Slavonskom Brodu |publisher=Arhinet - National Archival Information System |access-date=2 August 2024 }}</ref>

In 1990 democratic reforms legalised the formation of political parties other than the League of Communists of Croatia. In Slavonski Brod, the first parties formed were the [[Croatian Democratic Union]] and the [[Croatian Democratic Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/12748|title=Demokratske promjene u općini Slavonski Brod (1990.)|website=srce.hr|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref>

===During the Croatian War of Independence===

During the [[Croatian War of Independence]], Slavonski Brod came under heavy bombardment from [[Army of Republika Srpska|Bosnian Serb]] forces, positioned across the border in [[Bosanska Posavina]], between April and October 1992, during [[Operation Corridor 92]]. A total of 11,651 artillery shells and fourteen [[9K52 Luna-M]] rockets were fired against the city, and 130 bombs were dropped from the air, resulting in the deaths of 116 civilians,<ref>{{cite book |title=Rat u Bosanskoj Posavini 1992. |language=hr |trans-title=War in Bosnian Posavina 1992 |isbn=978-953-6357-86-4 |publisher=Posavska Hrvatska |location=Slavonski Brod, Croatia |first=Jerko |last=Zovak |year=2009 |pages=515, 520}}</ref> including 27 children.<ref>{{cite web|title=Daliborka Mikulić|url=https://www.civilnezrtve.documenta.hr/faces-of-campaign/daliborka-mikulic-en/|access-date= 8 May 2023}}</ref>