Editing Ski jumping (section)

=== Scoring system ===
Competitors are ranked according to a numerical score obtained by adding up components based on distance, style, inrun length (gate factor) and wind conditions. In the individual event, the scores from each skier's two competition jumps are combined to determine the winner.

Distance score depends on the hill's K-point. For K-90 and K-120 competitions, the K-point is set at 90 meters and 120 meters, respectively. Competitors are awarded 60 points (normal and large hills) and 120 points (flying hills) if they land on the K-point. For every meter beyond or below the K-point, extra points are awarded or deducted; the typical value is 2 points per meter in small hills, 1.8 points in large hills and 1.2 points in ski flying hills. A competitor's distance is measured between the takeoff and the point where the feet came in full contact with the landing slope (for abnormal landings, touchpoint of one foot, or another body part is considered). Jumps are measured with accuracy of 0.5 meters for all competitions.<ref name=rules>{{cite web | url = http://www.fis-ski.com/mm/Document/documentlibrary/Skijumping/03/19/96/ICRSkiJumping2017_clean_English.pdf | title = The International Ski Competition Rules (ICR): Book III – Ski Jumping | date = October 2017 | access-date = March 19, 2018 | publisher = [[International Ski Federation]] | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180127205304/http://www.fis-ski.com/mm/Document/documentlibrary/Skijumping/03/19/96/ICRSkiJumping2017_clean_English.pdf | archive-date = 27 January 2018 | url-status = dead }}</ref>{{rp|64–65}}

[[Image:Telemark landing Miyanomori.jpg|thumb|Telemark landing]]

During the competition, five judges are based in a tower to the side of the expected landing point. They can award up to 20 points each for jumping style, based on keeping the skis steady during flight, balance, optimal body position, and landing. The highest and lowest style scores are disregarded, with the remaining three scores added to the distance score.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2014/02/why-does-olympic-ski-jumping-need-judges/283875/|title=Why Does Olympic Ski Jumping Need Judges?|date=17 February 2014|access-date=14 March 2017|publisher=theatlantic.com|author=Jim Pagels}}</ref>

Gate and wind factors were introduced by the 2009 rules, to allow fairer comparison of results for a scoring compensation for variable outdoor conditions. Aerodynamics and take-off speed are important variables that affect the jump length, and if weather conditions change during a competition, the conditions will not be the same for all competitors. Gate factor is an adjustment made when the inrun (or start gate) length is adjusted from the initial position in order to provide optimal take-off speed. Since higher gates result in higher take-off speeds, and therefore present an advantage to competitors, points are subtracted when the starting gate is moved up, and added when the gate is lowered. An advanced calculation also determines compensation points for the actual unequal wind conditions at the time of the jump; when there is back wind, points are added, and when there is front wind, points are subtracted. Wind speed and direction are measured at five different points based on average value, which is determined before every competition.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wsjusa.org/ski-jumping-101/
|title=Ski Jumping 101 |publisher=Women's Ski Jumping USA |access-date = March 19, 2018}}</ref>

If two or more competitors finish the competition with the same number of points, they are given the same placing and receive same prizes.<ref name="rulesFIS"/>
Ski jumpers below the minimum safe body mass index are penalised with a shorter maximum ski length, reducing the aerodynamic lift they can achieve. These rules have been credited with stopping the most severe cases of underweight athletes, but some competitors still lose weight to maximise the distance they can achieve.<ref name="SlidingScale">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/12/sports/olympics/12skijump.html|title=For Ski Jumpers, a Sliding Scale of Weight, Distance and Health|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=11 February 2010 | first = Jeré | last = Longman | date = February 11, 2010}}</ref> In order to prevent an unfair advantage due to a "sailing" effect of the ski jumping suit, material, thickness and relative size of the suit are regulated.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nbcolympics.com/news/ski-jumping-101-equipment|title=Ski jumping 101: Equipment| date = June 19, 2017 | work=NBC Olympics|access-date=2017-09-14|language=en}}</ref>