Editing Sienna (section)

==Shades and variations==

Sienna varies slightly in shade and hue based on the chemical composition of the soil and the temperature and length of time in which it is prepared. A higher composition of iron oxide in the soil leads to a deeper red pigment.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Color Clues: What can soil tell you? |url=https://www.asec.purdue.edu/soilhealth/downloads/ColorClues,SWS2.pdf |access-date=February 2, 2024 |website=Agricultural Sciences Education and Communication, Purdue University |archive-date=February 3, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240203001801/https://www.asec.purdue.edu/soilhealth/downloads/ColorClues,SWS2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

There is no single agreed standard for the color of sienna, and the name is used today for a wide variety of hues and shades. They vary by country and color list, and there are many proprietary variations offered by paint companies. The color box at the top of the article shows one variation from the ISCC-NBS color list.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISCC-NBS Colour System |url=https://www.munsellcolourscienceforpainters.com/ISCCNBS/ISCCNBSSystem.html |access-date=2024-02-03 |website=www.munsellcolourscienceforpainters.com}}</ref>

===Raw sienna===
{{infobox color
|title=Terra di Siena naturale, or raw sienna (Italian)
|hex=965434
|spelling=colour
|source=[[Ferrario 1919: Cartella colori]],<ref name="ferrario">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ferrariospa.it/DocsImgs/Docs/cartColori_ferrario1919.pdf|title=cartColori_ferrario1919|website=www.ferrariospa.it}}</ref> colour 69
|isccname=Strong brown}}
Raw sienna is a yellowish-brown natural earth pigment,<ref name="Shorter OED"/> composed primarily of iron oxide hydroxide. The box shows the color of the pigment in its natural, or raw state. It contains a large quantity of iron oxide and a small quantity (about five percent) of manganese oxide.

This kind of pigment is known as yellow ochre, yellow earth, limonite, or terra gialla. The pigment name for natural raw sienna from the [[Colour Index International|Color Index International]], shown on the labels of oil paints,  is PY-43.

This box at right shows a variation of raw sienna from the Italian Ferrario 1919 color list.
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===Burnt sienna===
{{infobox color
|title=Terra di Siena bruciata, or burnt sienna (Italian)
|hex=623034
|spelling=colour
|source=[[Ferrario 1919: Cartella colori]],<ref name="ferrario"/> colour 77
|isccname=Deep reddish brown}}

'''Burnt sienna''' contains a large proportion of anhydrous iron oxide. It is made by heating raw sienna, which dehydrates the iron oxide, changing it partially to hematite, giving it rich reddish-brown color.<ref name="Shorter OED"/>

The pigment is also known as red earth, red ochre, and terra rossa. On the [[Colour Index International|Color Index International]], the pigment is known as PR-102.

This version is from the Italian Ferrario 1919 color list.

The first recorded use of ''burnt sienna'' as a color name in English was in 1853.<ref name="Maerz-1939">Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' 1930 New York: McGraw-Hill p. 204; Color Sample of Sienna: p. 33 Plate 5 Color Sample F12</ref>

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====Burnt sienna pigment (Maerz and Paul)====
{{infobox color
| title     = Burnt sienna (Maerz and Paul)
| hex       = E97451
| spelling  = colour
| source    = Maerz and Paul<ref name="Maerz-1939"/>
| isccname  = Strong reddish orange}}
This variation of burnt sienna is from the Maerz and Paul "A Dictionary of Color" from 1930. It is considerably lighter than most other versions of burnt sienna. It was a mix of [[burnt orange]] and raw sienna.
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===Dark sienna (ISCC-NBS)===
{{infobox color
| title     = Dark sienna
| hex       = 3C1414
| spelling  = colour
| source    = {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20121122220828/http://tx4.us/mr/mr3c.htm ISCC-NBS]}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tx4.us/mr/mr3c.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121122220828/http://tx4.us/mr/mr3c.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=22 November 2012 |title=THE MOTHER OF ALL HTML COLOR CHARTS RGB order page #3C (Part of the ISCC-NBS color list)|last=Foster |first=John C. |author2=Texas Precancel Club  |date=1 April 2006 |access-date=August 16, 2012}}</ref>
| isccname  = Dark reddish brown}}
This infobox shows the color '''dark sienna''' from the ISCC-NBS color list.
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===Sienna (X11 color)===
{{infobox color
| title = Sienna (X11 web colour)
| hex = A0522D
| spelling = colour
| source =[[List of HTML color names|X11]]
| isccname = Strong brown}}
The [[web colour|web color]] sienna is defined by the list of [[X11 colours|X11 colors]] used in web browsers and web design.
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