Editing Shiva (Judaism) (section)

==Computing the timing of ''shiva'' and ''sheloshim''==

The ''shiva'' period commences immediately after the burial. The remainder of the day (until sundown) is considered to be the first day of shiva, even though it is only a partial day. On the seventh day (e.g., on Monday, if the first day was Tuesday), ''shiva'' ends in the morning after [[shacharit]] prayers (if no public services are held on the morning of the seventh day, a service is conducted in the home of the mourner); thus, the seventh day is again a partial day. The ''sheloshim'' (thirty-day period of mourning) continues until the end of morning services on the 30th day, 23 days after the end of ''shiva''; as with ''shiva'', the two partial days at the beginning and end are counted as full days.<ref name="Lamm"/><ref>{{cite web |last=Goldstein |first=Zalman |title=The Periods of Mourning |url=https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/364294/jewish/The-Periods-of-Mourning.htm |website=Chabad.org |access-date=November 30, 2019}}</ref>

Had the news of a close relative's death reached them 30 days after their deceased relative had expired, the 30th-day included, the mourner is only obligated to sit in mourning for one day. However, had the news of a close relative's death reached them within 30 days after expiration, the mourner is required to sit in mourning for seven days.<ref>{{cite book |author=Yehudai Gaon |author-link=Yehudai Gaon|title=Sefer Halachot Pesukot |publisher=Ahavat Shalom |location=Jerusalem |year=1999 |oclc=42433185|page=416 |language=he |title-link=Halachot Pesukot}}</ref>

===Religious holidays during times of mourning===
Religious holidays during ''shiva'' and ''sheloshim'' change the mourning period slightly. Because Judaism embraces the holidays with joy, the sadness and grief associated with mourning are meant to be set aside until the holiday concludes. Typically, if an individual dies before the beginning of a holiday, the holiday removes the observance of ''shiva'' or ''sheloshim''. The days of the holiday are counted towards the days of mourning, and the rules enforced during mourning are revoked in order to encourage the celebration of a holiday. If a death occurred during the holiday or unknowingly, mourning commences after the holiday ends. In other situations, if the entirety of ''shiva'' has been observed prior to the start of a holiday, the holiday will cancel the observance of ''sheloshim'', signifying the fulfillment of this period of mourning.<ref name="Lamm" />

The occurrence of a major [[Jewish holiday]] terminates the ''shiva''.<ref name="ArtScroll.MiH" /> If the funeral occurs during a festival, the start of the mourning period is delayed to the end of the festival.

====Sabbath====
During [[Shabbat]], private mourning continues, while public mourning is suspended. Individuals are permitted to wear shoes and leave their home to partake in public prayer services. In order to prepare for Shabbat, individuals are allowed to interrupt ''shiva'' for up to one hour and fifteen minutes in order to cook, dress, and perform other tasks. If this is not enough time to do so, in certain situations there may be two and a half hours allotted for such.<ref name="Lamm" />

====Passover====
During [[Passover]], any days in observance of ''shiva'' before the start will equate to seven when the holiday begins. Since Passover is celebrated for eight days, any mourning prior will total to fifteen days when holiday ends, leaving only fifteen days of observance of ''sheloshim''.<ref name="Lamm" />

====Shavuot====
During [[Shavuot]], any days in observance of shiva before the start will equate to seven when the holiday begins. The first day of Shavuot equates to seven days. The second day of Shavuot is considered the fifteenth day, leaving only fifteen days left of observance of ''sheloshim''.<ref name="Lamm" />

====Sukkot====
During [[Sukkot]], any days in observance of ''shiva'' before the start will equate to seven when the holiday begins. Since Sukkot is observed for seven days, any mourning prior will total to fourteen days when the holiday ends. [[Shemini Atzeret]] is considered the eighth day of Sukkot, and equates to seven days of mourning. [[Simchat Torah]] is considered the twenty-second day of mourning, leaving only eight days of observance of ''sheloshim''.<ref name="Lamm" />

====Rosh Hashanah====
During [[Rosh Hashanah]], any days in observance of ''shiva'' before the start will equate to seven days when the holiday begins. [[Yom Kippur]] following [[Rosh Hashanah]], will symbolize the end of mourning, and the end of both ''shiva'' and ''sheloshim''.<ref name="Lamm" />

====Yom Kippur====
During Yom Kippur, any days in observance of ''shiva'' before the start will equate to seven days when the holiday begins. Sukkot, following Yom Kippur, will symbolize the end of mourning, and the end of both ''shiva'' and ''sheloshim''.<ref name="Lamm" />

====Yom Tov====
If the death occurs during [[Jewish holidays#General concepts|Yom Tov]], ''shiva'' does not begin until the burial is completed. Burial may not take place on Yom Tov, but can during the intermediate days of [[Sukkot]] or Passover, otherwise known as [[Chol HaMoed]].<ref name="Lamm" />

====Chol HaMoed====
If a burial occurs on [[Chol HaMoed]] of Passover, ''shiva'' does not begin until after the Yom Tov is completed. In the Diaspora, where most Yamim Tovim are observed for two days, mourning does not take place on the second day, but the day is still counted as one of the days of ''shiva''.<ref name="Lamm" />