Editing Sexology (section)

===Post WWII===
After World War II, sexology experienced a renaissance, both in the United States and Europe. Large scale studies of sexual behavior, sexual function, and [[sexual dysfunction]] gave rise to the development of [[sex therapy]].<ref name=Haeberle/> Post-WWII sexology in the U.S. was influenced by the influx of European refugees escaping the Nazi regime and the popularity of the [[Kinsey Reports|Kinsey studies]]. Until that time, American sexology consisted primarily of groups working to end [[prostitution]] and to educate youth about [[sexually transmitted infection]]s.<ref name =Bullough1989/> [[Alfred Kinsey]] founded the [[Kinsey Institute|Institute for Sex Research]] at [[Indiana University (Bloomington)|Indiana University]] at [[Bloomington, Indiana|Bloomington]] in 1947. This is now called the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender and Reproduction. He wrote in his 1948 book that more was scientifically known about the sexual behavior of farm animals than of humans.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Kinsey | first1 = Alfred C. | last2 = Martin | first2 = Clyde E. | last3 = Pomeroy | first3 = Wardell B. | author-link1 = Alfred Kinsey | author-link2 = Clyde Martin | author-link3 = Wardell Pomeroy | title = Sexual behavior in the human male | url = https://archive.org/details/sexualbehaviorin00kins | url-access = registration | page = [https://archive.org/details/sexualbehaviorin00kins/page/3 3] | publisher = W.B. Saunders | location = New York and Philadelphia | year = 1948 | oclc = 705195970 }}</ref>

Psychologist and sexologist [[John Money]] developed theories on sexual identity and [[gender identity]] in the 1950s. His work, notably on the [[David Reimer]] case has since been regarded as controversial, even while the case was key to the development of treatment protocols for [[intersex]] infants and children.<ref name="diamond">{{Cite journal | last1 = Diamond | first1 = Milton | last2 = Sigmundson | first2 = H. Keith | author-link1 = Milton Diamond | title = Sex reassignment at birth: long-term review and clinical implications | journal = [[JAMA Pediatrics|Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine]] | volume = 151 | issue = 3 | pages = 298–304 | doi = 10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170400084015 | pmid = 9080940 | date = March 1997 }}</ref><ref name="diamond2">{{Cite journal | last = Diamond | first = Milton | author-link = Milton Diamond | title = Sex, gender, and identity over the years: a changing perspective | journal = Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America | volume = 13 | issue = 3 | pages = 591–607, viii | doi = 10.1016/j.chc.2004.02.008 | pmid = 15183375 | date = July 2004 }}</ref>{{Vague|reason=What were John Money's theories?  What treatments of intersex people?|date={{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}}}

[[Kurt Freund]] developed the [[penile plethysmograph]] in [[Czechoslovakia]] in the 1950s. The device was designed to provide an objective measurement of [[sexual arousal]] in males and is currently used in the assessment of [[pedophilia]] and [[hebephilia]]. This tool has since been used with [[sex offenders]].<ref name="apobit">{{cite news | agency = Associated Press | title = Kurt Freund, 82, notable sexologist | url = http://www.s-t.com/daily/10-96/10-29-96/c06wn888.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990220222204/http://www.s-t.com/daily/10-96/10-29-96/c06wn888.htm |archive-date=20 February 1999| date = October 26, 1996 }}</ref><ref name="kubanobit">{{cite journal | last = Kuban | first = Michael | title = Sexual Science Mentor: Dr. Kurt Freund | journal = Sexual Science | volume = 45 | issue = 2 | url = http://sexscience.org/uploads/media/sex_sci45-2.htm | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101222215801/http://sexscience.org/uploads/media/sex_sci45-2.htm | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2010-12-22 | date = Summer 2004 }}</ref>

In 1966 and 1970, [[Masters and Johnson]] released their works ''Human Sexual Response'' and ''Human Sexual Inadequacy,'' respectively. Those volumes sold well, and they were founders of what became known as the [[Masters & Johnson Institute]] in 1978.

[[Vern Bullough]] was a historian of sexology during this era, as well as being a researcher in the field.<ref name="vernbullough">{{cite web|url=http://www.vernbullough.com/bullough/publications/publicationsindex.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040727172744/http://www.vernbullough.com/bullough/publications/publicationsindex.html |archive-date=July 27, 2004 |url-status=dead |title=Dr. Vern L. Bullough: Profile |website=vernbullough.com |access-date=July 25, 2015 }}</ref>

The emergence of [[HIV/AIDS]] in the 1980s caused a dramatic shift in sexological research efforts towards understanding and controlling the spread of the disease.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Gagnon | first = John H. | title = Sex research and sexual conduct in the era of AIDS | journal = [[Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes]] | volume = 1 | issue = 6 | pages = 593–601 | pmid = 3225745 | date = December 1988 | url = http://journals.lww.com/jaids/Abstract/1988/12000/Sex_Research_and_Sexual_Conduct_in_the_Era_of.11.aspx }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last = Oriel | first = Jennifer | title = Sexual pleasure as a human right: Harmful or helpful to women in the context of HIV/AIDS? | journal = [[Women's Studies International Forum]] | volume = 28 | issue = 5 | pages = 392–404 | doi = 10.1016/j.wsif.2005.05.002 | date = September 2005 }} [https://www.amherst.edu/media/view/248654/original/sexual+pleasure+as+a+HR.pdf Pdf.]</ref>