Editing Scamander (section)

== Mythology ==
[[File:Max Slevogt Achill.jpg|thumb|right|Achilles and Scamander]]
Scamander fought on the side of the [[Troy|Trojans]] during the [[Trojan War]] (''[[Iliad]]'' XX, 73/74; XXI), after the [[Greek mythology|Greek]] hero [[Achilles]] insulted him. Scamander was also said to have attempted to kill Achilles three times, and the hero was only saved due to the intervention of [[Hera]], [[Athena]] and [[Hephaestus]]. In this context, he is the personification of the [[Scamander River]] that flowed from [[Mount Ida]] across the plain beneath the city of Troy, joining the [[Hellespont]] north of the city. The [[Achaeans (Homer)|Achaeans]], according to [[Homer]], had set up their camp near its mouth, and their battles with the Trojans were fought on the plain of Scamander. In ''Iliad'' XXII (149ff), Homer states that the river had two springs: one produced warm water; the other yielded cold water, regardless of the season.

According to Homer, he was called [[Xanthos]] by gods and Scamander by men, which might indicate that the former name refers to the god and the latter one to the river itself.<ref>[[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:20.54-20.85 20.74], [http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0012.tlg001.perseus-eng1:21.136-21.160 21.146].</ref>

In a story by [[Pseudo-Plutarch]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pseudo-Plutarch |url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0400%3Achapter%3D13 |title=De fluviis |translator-last=Goodwin |chapter=XIII. Scamander}}</ref> Scamander went mad during the mysteries of [[Rhea (mythology)|Rhea]] and flung himself into the river Xanthus, which was then renamed to Scamander.