Editing Sailing (section)

=== Naval power ===
{{Further|Sailing ship tactics}}
Until the general adoption of [[Carvel (boat building)|carvel]]-built ships that relied on an internal skeleton structure to bear the weight of the ship and for gun ports to be cut in the side, sailing ships were just vehicles for delivering fighters to the enemy for engagement.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Marsden|first=Peter|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52143546|title=Sealed by time : the loss and recovery of the Mary Rose|date=2003|publisher=Mary Rose Trust|others=Collins, K. J.|isbn=0-9544029-0-1|volume=1|location=Portsmouth|pages=137–142|oclc=52143546}}</ref> Early Phoenician, Greek, Roman galleys would ram each other, then pour onto the decks of the opposing force and continue the fight by hand, meaning that these galleys required speed and maneuverability.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Denny |first=Mark |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rtg6T9kMZkUC |title=Float Your Boat!: The Evolution and Science of Sailing |date=2008-12-15 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=978-0-8018-9568-5 |language=en}}</ref> This need for speed translated into longer ships with multiple rows of oars along the sides, known as [[Bireme|biremes]] and [[Trireme|triremes]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Anderson |first1=Romola |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h-QvjRbK0DAC |title=A Short History of the Sailing Ship |last2=Anderson |first2=R. C. |date=2003-09-01 |publisher=Courier Corporation |isbn=978-0-486-42988-5 |language=en}}</ref> Typically, the sailing ships during this time period were the merchant ships.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chatterton |first=Edward Keble |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N0-zj_vJyKcC&q=rome |title=The History of Sailing Ships |date=2010 |publisher=BoD – Books on Demand |isbn=978-3-86195-308-1 |language=en}}</ref>

By 1500, [[Gun port]]s allowed sailing vessels to sail alongside an enemy vessel and fire a [[Broadside (naval)|broadside]] of multiple cannon.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rodger|first=N. A. M.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/38199493|title=The safeguard of the sea : a naval history of Britain, 660–1649|date=1998|publisher=W.W. Norton|isbn=0-393-04579-X|edition=1|location=New York|pages=312, 316|oclc=38199493}}</ref> This development allowed for naval fleets to array themselves into a [[line of battle]], whereby, [[Ship of the line|warships]] would maintain their place in the line to engage the enemy in a parallel or perpendicular line.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Glete|first=Jan|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28542975|title=Navies and nations : warships, navies, and state building in Europe and America, 1500–1860|date=1993|publisher=Almqvist & Wiksell International|isbn=91-22-01565-5|location=Stockholm|pages=176|oclc=28542975}}</ref>