Editing Ronald Fisher (section)

===University College London, 1933–1943===
In 1933, Fisher became the head of the Department of [[Eugenics]] at [[University College London]].<ref>[https://www.ucl.ac.uk/statistics/department/history Department History], Department of Statistics, [[University College London]].</ref> In 1934, he become editor of the ''Annals of Eugenics'' (now called ''[[Annals of Human Genetics]]'').

In 1935, he published ''[[The Design of Experiments]]'', which was "also fundamental, [and promoted] statistical technique and application... The mathematical justification of the methods was not stressed and proofs were often barely sketched or omitted altogether .... [This] led [[Henry Mann|H.B. Mann]] to fill the gaps with a rigorous mathematical treatment".<ref name=Conniffe/><ref>{{cite book|last=Mann|first=H.B.|title=Analysis and design of experiments: Analysis of variance and analysis&nbsp;of&nbsp;variance designs|publisher=Dover |location=New York|year=1949|mr=32177}}</ref> 
In this book Fisher also outlined the [[Lady tasting tea]], now a famous [[design of experiments|design]] of a statistical [[randomized experiment]] which uses [[Fisher's exact test]] and is the original exposition of Fisher's notion of a [[null hypothesis]].<ref>Fisher, R. A. (1971) ''[[The Design of Experiments]]''. Chapter II. The Principles of Experimentation, Illustrated by a Psycho-physical Experiment, Section 8. The Null Hypothesis</ref><ref>OED quote: '''1935''' R. A. Fisher, ''[[The Design of Experiments]]'' ii. 19, "We may speak of this hypothesis as the 'null hypothesis'...the null hypothesis is never proved or established, but is possibly disproved, in the course of experimentation."</ref>

The same year he also published a paper on [[fiducial inference]]<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Fisher | first1=R. A. | year=1935 | title=The fiducial argument in statistical inference | journal=Annals of Eugenics | volume=8 | issue=4| pages=391–398 | doi=10.1111/j.1469-1809.1935.tb02120.x | hdl=2440/15222 | hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hss.cmu.edu/philosophy/seidenfeld/relating%20to%20Fisher/Fisher's%20Fiducial%20Argument%20and%20Bayes%20Theorem.pdf|title=R. A. Fisher's Fiducial Argument and Bayes' Theorem by Teddy Seidenfeld}}</ref> and applied it to the [[Behrens–Fisher problem]], the solution to which, proposed first by [[Walter Behrens (statistician)|Walter Behrens]] and a few years later by Fisher, is the [[Behrens–Fisher distribution]].

In 1936, he introduced the [[Iris flower data set]] as an example of [[discriminant analysis]].<ref name="Fisher_DA_1936">{{cite journal |author=R. A. Fisher |year=1936 |title=The Use of Multiple Measurements in Taxonomic Problems |journal=[[Annals of Eugenics]]| volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=179–188 |url=https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/coll/special//fisher/138.pdf |doi=10.1111/j.1469-1809.1936.tb02137.x|hdl=2440/15227 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

In his 1937 paper ''The wave of advance of advantageous genes'' he proposed [[Fisher's equation]] in the context of [[population dynamics]] to describe the spatial spread of an advantageous [[allele]], and explored its travelling wave solutions.<ref>{{ cite journal | first1=R. A. | last1=Fisher | url=https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/handle/2440/15125 | title=The wave of advance of advantageous genes | journal=Annals of Eugenics | number=7 | pages=353–369 | year= 1937 }}</ref> Out of this also came the [[Fisher–Kolmogorov equation]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.maths.ox.ac.uk/trefethen/pdectb/fisher2.pdf|title=Fisher 2}}</ref>
In 1937, he visited the [[Indian Statistical Institute]] in Calcutta, and its one part-time employee, [[P. C. Mahalanobis]], often returning to encourage its development. He was the guest of honour at its 25th anniversary in 1957, when it had 2000 employees.<ref>Box, ''R. A. Fisher'', p. 337</ref>

In 1938, Fisher and [[Frank Yates]] described the [[Fisher–Yates shuffle]] in their book ''Statistical tables for biological, agricultural and medical research''.<ref>{{cite book| last1=Fisher |first1=Ronald A. |author1-link=Ronald A. Fisher |last2=Yates |first2=Frank |author2-link=Frank Yates| title=Statistical tables for biological, agricultural and medical research| orig-year=1938| edition=3rd| year=1948| pages=26–27| publisher=Oliver & Boyd| location=London| oclc=14222135}} Note: the 6th edition, {{isbn|0-02-844720-4}}, is [https://hdl.handle.net/2440/10701 available on the web], but gives a different shuffling algorithm by [[C. R. Rao]].</ref> Their description of the algorithm used pencil and paper; a table of random numbers provided the randomness.