Editing Queen Anne's War (section)

===Carolina and Florida===
[[File:Pierre Le Moyne Iberville.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville]] sought to establish a relationship with native people in the Mississippi watershed as a result of [[King William's War|the last war with England]].]]
Prominent French and English colonists understood at the turn of the 18th century that control of the [[Mississippi River]] would have a significant role in future development and trade, and each developed visionary plans to thwart the other's activities. French Canadian explorer [[Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville]] had developed a "Project sur la Caroline" in the aftermath of the previous war which called for establishing relationships with Indigenous peoples in the Mississippi watershed and then leveraging those relationships to push the English colonists off the continent, or at least limit them to coastal areas. In pursuit of this grand strategy, he rediscovered the mouth of the Mississippi (which had first been found by [[René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle|La Salle]] in 1670) and established Fort Maurepas in 1699. From this base and [[Mobile, Alabama|Fort Louis de la Mobile]] (founded in 1702),<ref>Peckham, p. 58</ref> he began to establish relationships with the local Choctaw, Chickasaw, [[Natchez people]], and other communities.<ref>Waselkov and Hatley, pp. 105–137</ref>

English colonial traders and explorers from Carolina had established a substantial trading network across the southeastern part of the continent that extended all the way to the Mississippi.<ref>Crane, p. 382</ref> Its leaders had little respect for the Spanish in Florida, but they understood the threat posed by the French arrival on the coast. Both Carolina governor [[Joseph Blake (governor)|Joseph Blake]] and his successor [[James Moore Sr.|James Moore]] articulated visions of expansion to the south and west at the expense of French and Spanish interests.<ref>Crane, p. 380</ref>

Iberville had approached the Spanish in January 1702 before the war broke out in Europe, recommending that the [[Apalachee]] warriors be armed and sent against the English colonists and their allies. The Spanish organized an expedition under Francisco Romo de Uriza; it left [[Pensacola, Florida]] in August for the trading centers of the Carolina back country. The English colonists had advance warning of the expedition and organized a defense at the head of the [[Flint River (Georgia)|Flint River]], where they [[Battle of Flint River|routed the Spanish-led force]], and captured or killed some 500 Spanish-led Indigenous peoples.<ref>Oatis, pp. 49–50</ref>

Carolina's Governor Moore received notification concerning the hostilities, and he organized and led a force against Spanish Florida.<ref name=A33>Arnade, p. 33</ref> 500 English colonial soldiers and militia and 300 Indigenous peoples captured and burned the town of [[St. Augustine, Florida]] in the [[Siege of St. Augustine (1702)]].<ref>Winsor, p. 318</ref> The English were unable to take [[Castillo de San Marcos|the main fortress]] and withdrew when a Spanish fleet arrived from [[Havana]].<ref name=A33/> In 1706, Carolina successfully repulsed [[Lefebvre's Charles Town expedition|an attack]] on [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charles Town]] by a combined Spanish and French amphibious force sent from Havana.<ref>Winsor, p. 319</ref>

The [[Apalachee]] and [[Timucua]] of Spanish Florida were virtually wiped out in a raiding expedition by Moore that became known as the [[Apalachee massacre]] of 1704.<ref>Arnade, pp. 35–36</ref> Many of the survivors of these raids were relocated to the [[Savannah River]] where they were confined to reservations.<ref name=C340/> Raids continued in the following years consisting of large Indigenous forces, sometimes including a small number of white men;<ref>Arnade, p. 36</ref> this included major expeditions directed at [[Siege of Pensacola (1707)|Pensacola]] in 1707 and Mobile in 1709.<ref>Crane, p. 390</ref><ref>Higginbotham, pp. 308–312<!--Pensacola 1707-->, 383–385<!--Mobile 1709--></ref> The [[Muscogee]] (Creek), [[Yamasee]], and [[Chickasaw]] were armed and led by English colonists, and they dominated these conflicts at the expense of the [[Choctaw]], Timucua, and Apalachee.<ref name=C340>Covington, p. 340</ref>