Editing Punched card (section)

==Nomenclature==
[[File:Punched card program deck.agr.jpg|thumb|A deck of punched cards comprising a computer program. The red diagonal line is a visual aid to keep the deck sorted.<ref name="Miami"/>]]
The terms ''punched card'', ''punch card'', and ''punchcard'' were all commonly used, as were ''IBM card'' and ''Hollerith card'' (after [[Herman Hollerith]]).<ref name="Pinker_2007"/> IBM used "IBM card" or, later, "punched card" at first mention in its documentation and thereafter simply "card" or "cards".<ref name="IBM_1946"/><ref name="IBM_1962"/> Specific formats were often indicated by the number of character positions available, e.g. ''80-column card''. A sequence of cards that is input to or output from some step in an application's processing is called a ''card deck'' or simply ''deck''.<!-- a random group of cards is not a deck --> The rectangular, round, or oval bits of paper punched out were called [[chad (computer)|chad]] (''chads'') or ''chips'' (in IBM usage). Sequential<!-- not adjacent! Columns 45-46 can be a field on both IBM and RR, but are adjacent only on IBM--> card columns allocated for a specific use, such as names, addresses, multi-digit numbers, etc., are known as a ''field''. The first card of a group of cards, containing fixed or indicative information for that group, is known as a ''master card''. Cards that are not master cards are ''detail cards''.