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=== Pubic lice === Pubic hair can become infested with pubic lice (also known as crab lice).<ref name="Lice - Epi">{{cite web | title = Pubic "Crab" Lice β Epidemiology & Risk Factors | work = CDC.gov | date = September 24, 2013 | access-date = 2018-08-20 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/pubic/epi.html | archive-date = December 7, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181207115101/https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/pubic/epi.html | url-status = live }}</ref> Adult pubic lice are {{convert|1.1|β|1.8|mm}} in length. The pubic hair can usually host up to a dozen on average. Pubic lice are usually found attached to hair in the pubic area but sometimes are found on coarse hair elsewhere on the body (for example, [[eyebrow]]s, [[eyelashes]], [[beard]], [[mustache]], chest, [[armpits]], etc.). Crab lice attach to pubic hair that is thicker than other body hair because their claws are adapted to the specific diameter of pubic hair.{{sfn|Hoffman|Williams|2012|p=}} Pubic lice infestations ([[Pediculosis pubis|pthiriasis]]) are usually spread through [[Human sexual activity|sexual contact]].{{sfn|Hoffman|Williams|2012|p=}}<ref name="cdc_parasites">{{cite web | title = Parasites β Lice | work = CDC.gov | date = September 24, 2013 | access-date = 2018-08-20 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/index.html | archive-date = April 6, 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200406152013/https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/index.html | url-status = live }}</ref> The crab louse can travel up to 10 inches on the body. Pubic lice infestation is found worldwide and occurs in all races and ethnic groups and in all economic levels. Pubic lice are usually spread through sexual contact and are most common in adults. Occasionally pubic lice may be spread by close personal contact or contact with articles such as clothing, bed linens, and towels that have been used by an infested person.<ref name="Lice - Epi" /> Pubic lice found on the head or eyelashes of children may be an indication of sexual exposure or abuse. Pubic lice do not transmit disease; however, secondary [[Pathogenic bacteria|bacterial infection]] can occur from scratching of the skin. They are much broader in comparison to head and body lice. Adults are found only on the human host and require human blood to survive. If adults are forced off the host, they will die within 48 hours without a blood feeding.<ref name="Lice - Biology">{{cite web | title = Pubic "Crab" Lice β Biology | work = CDC.gov | date = March 17, 2015 | access-date = 2018-08-20 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/pubic/biology.html | archive-date = April 6, 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200406192433/https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/lice/pubic/biology.html | url-status = live }}</ref> Symptoms of a crab louse infection in the pubic area is intense itching, redness and inflammation. These symptoms cause increased circulation to the skin of the pubic region creating a blood-rich environment for the crab louse. Pubic lice infestation can also be diagnosed by identifying the presence of nits or eggs on the pubic hair.{{sfn|Hoffman|Williams|2012|p=}} In December 2016 [[NPR]] reported that "Frequent removal of pubic hair is associated with an increased risk for herpes, syphilis and human papillomavirus".<ref name="npr._Goin">{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/12/06/504540192/going-bare-down-there-can-boost-the-risk-of-stds|title=Going Bare Down There May Boost The Risk Of STDs|last=Doucleff|first=Michaeleen|date=6 December 2016|work=NPR.org|access-date=2016-12-07|archive-date=April 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422234946/https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/12/06/504540192/going-bare-down-there-can-boost-the-risk-of-stds|url-status=live}}</ref> However, the medical community has also seen a recent increase in [[folliculitis]], or infection around the hair follicle, in women who wax or shave their bikini areas.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RFEk3HShnRUC|title=Primary Care of Women: A Guide for Midwives and Women's Health Providers|last1=Hackley|first1=Barbara|last2=Kriebs|first2=Jan M.|last3=Rousseau|first3=Mary Ellen|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|year=2008|isbn=9781449666156|page=833}}</ref> Some of these infections can develop into more serious abscesses that require incision with a scalpel, drainage of the abscess, and antibiotics. ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' is the most common cause of folliculitis.<ref name="medlineplus">{{cite encyclopedia|title=Staphylococcal Infections|encyclopedia=MedlinePlus [Internet]|publisher=National Library of Medicine, US|location=Bethesda, MD|url=https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/staphylococcalinfections.html|quote=Skin infections are the most common. They can look like pimples or boils.}}</ref> Burns can result when depilatory wax is used, even according to manufacturer instructions.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Chang|first1=Angela C|last2=Watson|first2=Katherine M|last3=Aston|first3=Tara L|last4=Wagstaff|first4=Marcus JD|last5=Greenwood|first5=John E|date=2011-05-13|title=Depilatory Wax Burns: Experience and Investigation|journal=ePlasty|volume=11|pages=e25|issn=1937-5719|pmc=3098007|pmid=21625616}}</ref>
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