Editing Pseudomonadota (section)

==Transformation==

[[Transformation (genetics)|Transformation]], a process in which genetic material passes from one bacterium to another,<ref name="Johnston">{{cite journal | vauthors = Johnston C, Martin B, Fichant G, Polard P, Claverys JP | title = Bacterial transformation: distribution, shared mechanisms and divergent control | journal = Nature Reviews. Microbiology | volume = 12 | issue = 3 | pages = 181–196 | date = March 2014 | pmid = 24509783 | doi = 10.1038/nrmicro3199 | s2cid = 23559881}}</ref> has been reported in at least 30 species of Pseudomonadota distributed in the classes alpha, beta, and gamma.<ref name="pmid17997281">{{cite journal | vauthors = Johnsborg O, Eldholm V, Håvarstein LS | title = Natural genetic transformation: prevalence, mechanisms and function | journal = Research in Microbiology | volume = 158 | issue = 10 | pages = 767–778 | date = December 2007 | pmid = 17997281 | doi = 10.1016/j.resmic.2007.09.004 | doi-access = free}}</ref>  The best-studied Pseudomonadota with respect to natural genetic transformation are the medically important human pathogens ''[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]'' (class beta), and ''[[Haemophilus influenzae]]'' (class gamma).<ref name="Michod">{{cite journal | vauthors = Michod RE, Bernstein H, Nedelcu AM | title = Adaptive value of sex in microbial pathogens | journal = Infection, Genetics and Evolution | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = 267–285 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18295550 | doi = 10.1016/j.meegid.2008.01.002| bibcode = 2008InfGE...8..267M }}</ref> Natural genetic transformation is a sexual process involving DNA transfer from one bacterial cell to another through the intervening medium and the integration of the donor sequence into the recipient genome. In pathogenic Pseudomonadota, transformation appears to serve as a [[DNA repair]] process that protects the pathogen's DNA from attack by their host's phagocytic defenses that employ [[Reactive oxygen species|oxidative free radicals]].<ref name="Michod" />