Editing Protoscience (section)

===Cognitive field===
Philosophers describe protoscience using the <em>cognitive field</em> concept.{{sfn|Bunge|1983|pp=175, 202–03}}{{sfn|Tuomela|1987|p=88}}  In every society, there are fields of [[knowledge]] (cognitive fields).{{sfn|Bunge|1983|p=175}}  The cognitive field consists of a community of individuals within a society with a domain of inquiry, a philosophical worldview, logical/mathematical tools, specific background knowledge from neighboring fields, a set of problems investigated, accumulated knowledge from the community, aims and methods.{{sfn|Bunge|1983|pp=202–03}}  Cognitive fields are either <em>belief fields</em> or <em>research fields</em>.{{sfn|Bunge|1983|pp=202–03}}  A cognitive research field invariably changes over time due to research; research fields include natural sciences, applied sciences, mathematics, technology, medicine, jurisprudence, social sciences and the humanities.{{sfn|Tuomela|1987|p=91}}{{sfn|Bunge|1983|p=175}}  A belief field (faith field) is "a cognitive field which either does not change at all or changes due to factors other than research (such as economic interest, political or religious pressure, or brute violence)."{{sfn|Tuomela|1987|p=91}}{{sfn|Bunge|1983|p=175}}  Belief fields include political ideology, religion, pseudodoctrines and pseudoscience.{{sfn|Tuomela|1987|p=92}}