Editing Pride (section)

=== Emotion ===
In psychological terms, positive pride is a "pleasant, sometimes exhilarating, emotion that results from a positive self-evaluation."<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Lewis | first1 = M. | last2 = Takai-Kawakami | first2 = K. | last3 = Kawakami | first3 = K. | last4 = Sullivan | first4 = M. W. | year = 2010 | title = Cultural differences in emotional responses to success and failure | journal = International Journal of Behavioral Development | volume = 34 | issue = 1| pages = 53–61 | doi = 10.1177/0165025409348559 | pmc = 2811375 | pmid=20161610}}</ref> It was added to the University of California, Davis, "Set of Emotion Expressions", as one of three "self-conscious" emotions known to have recognizable [[Emotional expression|expressions]] (along with [[embarrassment]] and [[shame]]).<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Tracy | first1 = J. L. | last2 = Robins | first2 = R. W. | last3 = Schriber | first3 = R. A. | year = 2009 | title = Development of a FACS-verified set of basic and self-conscious emotion expressions | journal = Emotion | volume = 9 | issue = 4| pages = 554–559| doi = 10.1037/a0015766 | pmid = 19653779 }}</ref>

The term "{{lang|it|fiero}}" was coined by Italian psychologist Isabella Poggi to describe the pride experienced and expressed in the moments following a personal triumph over adversity.<ref>{{multiref2
|1={{cite web |last1=Lazzaro |first1=Nicole |date=8 March 2004 |title=Why We Play Games: Four Keys to More Emotion Without Story |publisher=XEODesign |url=https://gamemodworkshop.com/readings/xeodesign_whyweplaygames.pdf |access-date=7 November 2022 |archive-date=8 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308042222/http://gamemodworkshop.com/readings/xeodesign_whyweplaygames.pdf |url-status=live }}
|2={{cite web |last=Brown |first=Jack |url=http://www.bodylanguagesuccess.com/2010/10/fiero-feels-good-mirror-neurons.html |title=Sincerity Secret # 20: Fiero Feels Good |publisher=Body Language Success |date=23 October 2010 |access-date=11 March 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426091428/http://www.bodylanguagesuccess.com/2010/10/fiero-feels-good-mirror-neurons.html |archive-date=26 April 2012}}
}}</ref> Facial expressions and gestures that demonstrate pride can involve a lifting of the chin, smiles, or arms on hips to demonstrate victory. Individuals may implicitly grant status to others based solely on their expressions of pride, even in cases in which they wish to avoid doing so. Indeed, some studies indicate that the nonverbal expression of pride conveys a message that is automatically perceived by others about a person's high social status in a group.<ref name="Shariff">{{cite journal |last1=Shariff |first1=Azim F. |last2=Tracy |first2=Jessica L. |year=2009 |title=Knowing who's boss: Implicit perceptions of status from the nonverbal expression of pride |journal=Emotion |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=631–639 |doi=10.1037/a0017089 |pmid=19803585}}</ref>

Behaviorally, pride can also be expressed by adopting an expanded posture in which the head is tilted back and the arms extended out from the body. This postural display is innate, as it is shown in congenitally blind individuals who have lacked the opportunity to see it in others.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tracy |first1=Jessica L. |last2=Matsumoto |first2=David |title=The spontaneous expression of pride and shame: Evidence for biologically innate nonverbal displays |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=19 August 2008 |volume=105 |issue=33 |pages=11655–11660 |doi=10.1073/pnas.0802686105 |jstor=25463738 |pmid=18695237 |pmc=2575323 |bibcode=2008PNAS..10511655T |doi-access=free }}</ref>