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=== Esoteric Prajñāpāramitā texts === During the later phase of Indian Buddhism, [[Tantra|Tāntric]] Prajñāpāramitā texts were produced from the 8th century up to the 11th century CE. These later esoteric Prajñāpāramitā sutras are generally short texts which contain [[Mantra|mantras]] and/or [[Dharani|dhāraṇīs]] and also reference esoteric Buddhist ([[Vajrayana|Mantrayana]]) ideas.<ref name=":4" /> They often promote simple practices based on recitation which lead to the accumulation of merit and help one reach awakening.<ref name=":4">Bianchini, Francesco (2020). [https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:477bdfa2-016a-4d0d-a274-39cd35f3c137 ''Tradition and Innovation in late South Asian Buddhism: The Impact of Spell Practices on the Recasting of Prajnaparamita Scriptures''.] St John’s College, The University of Oxford.</ref> Esoteric Prajñāpāramitā sutras include texts such as the ''[[Adhyardhaśatikā Prajñāpāramitā|Adhyardhaśatikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra]]'' (150 lines), the famous ''[[Heart Sutra]]'' (''Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya''), the ''Ekaślokikā prajñāpāramitā, Svalpākṣarā Prajñāpāramitā, Kauśikā'' ''Prajñāpāramitā, Saptaślokikā Prajñāpāramitā'', the ''*Prajñāpāramitānāmāṣṭaśataka'' and the ''Candragarbha Prajñāpāramitā.''<ref>Bianchini, Francesco (2020). [https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:477bdfa2-016a-4d0d-a274-39cd35f3c137 ''Tradition and Innovation in late South Asian Buddhism: The Impact of Spell Practices on the Recasting of Prajnaparamita Scriptures''], pp. 65-75. St John’s College, The University of Oxford.</ref> Some of these sources, like the ''Svalpākṣarā,'' claim that simply reciting the [[Dharani|dharanis]] found in the sutras are as beneficial as advanced esoteric Buddhist practices (with the full ritual panoply of [[Mandala|mandalas]] and [[Esoteric transmission|abhiseka]]).<ref>Bianchini, Francesco (2020). [https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:477bdfa2-016a-4d0d-a274-39cd35f3c137 ''Tradition and Innovation in late South Asian Buddhism: The Impact of Spell Practices on the Recasting of Prajnaparamita Scriptures''], p. 282. St John’s College, The University of Oxford.</ref> These scriptures may have been recited in esoteric rituals and two of them remain in widespread use today'': Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya'' (commonly recited throughout Asia by Buddhists) and the ''Adhyardhaśatikā'' (an widely recited text in [[Shingon Buddhism|Shingon]] Buddhism)''.''<ref>Bianchini, Francesco (2020). [https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:477bdfa2-016a-4d0d-a274-39cd35f3c137 ''Tradition and Innovation in late South Asian Buddhism: The Impact of Spell Practices on the Recasting of Prajnaparamita Scriptures''], p. 285. St John’s College, The University of Oxford.</ref>
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