Editing Porto Alegre (section)

===Climate===
{{climate chart
| Porto Alegre
|20.6|30.5|110.1|20.5|30.2|106.5
|19.5|29.1|92.2
|16.5|25.9|107.3|13.3|22.2|118.8|10.8|19.8|141.3
|10.1|19.3|141.3
|11.1|21.3|117.4|12.8|22.1|141.5
|15.3|25.0|138.3
|17.1|27.4|110.9
|19.0|29.5|99.6
|float=left
}}

According to the [[Köppen climate classification]], Porto Alegre has a [[humid subtropical climate]] (''Cfa'') characterized by its high variability, but with well-defined seasons and evenly distributed rain throughout the year. The presence of [[Lake Guaíba]] contributes to increase the humidity of the air.<ref>Penter, Camila et alii. "Inventário Rápido da Fauna de Mamíferos do Morro Santana, Porto Alegre, RS". In: Revista Brasileira de Biociências, Porto Alegre, v. 6, n. 1, jan./mar. 2008. p. 119</ref> The city experiences the most prominent difference among seasons and between temperature extremes among all Brazilian capitals. One reason for that is its much more southerly position relative to the rest of the country, which also contributes for the occurrence of 14 hours of daylight in December and 10 hours in June.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://astro.if.ufrgs.br/dia.htm|title=Duracao do Dia|website=astro.if.ufrgs.br|access-date=12 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171022064942/http://astro.if.ufrgs.br/dia.htm|archive-date=22 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to a large depletion in the ozone layer over the south of Brazil, a result of the [[Antarctic ozone hole]],<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.5194/ANGEO-36-405-2018 | title=Report of a large depletion in the ozone layer over southern Brazil and Uruguay by using multi-instrumental data | year=2018 | last1=Bresciani | first1=C. | last2=Bittencourt | first2=Gabriela Dornelles | last3=Bageston | first3=J. | last4=Pinheiro | first4=D. | last5=Schuch | first5=N. | last6=Bencherif | first6=H. | last7=Leme | first7=N. | last8=Peres | first8=L. | journal=Annales Geophysicae | volume=36 | issue=2 | pages=405–413 | bibcode=2018AnGeo..36..405B | s2cid=55506074 | doi-access=free }}</ref> the population is occasionally dangerously exposed to extremely high [[UV radiation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zh.clicrbs.com.br/rs/noticia/2008/01/rs-e-o-estado-brasileiro-com-maior-incidencia-de-raios-ultravioleta-1730899.html|title=GaúchaZH - notícias, porto alegre, grêmio, inter, colunistas, jogos ao vivo e mais|website=Zh.clicrbs.com.br|access-date=12 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305072908/http://zh.clicrbs.com.br/rs/noticia/2008/01/rs-e-o-estado-brasileiro-com-maior-incidencia-de-raios-ultravioleta-1730899.html|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Porto Alegre vista do shopping Pontal.jpg|thumb|270px|Porto Alegre bay as seen from Pontal Mall in the Cristal neighbourhood]] 
The winter is mild to cool, windy, rainy and quite changeable, which is also a feature of this time of the year. Usual winter temperatures range from {{convert|10|°C|°F}} to {{convert|19|°C|°F}}. In the coldest days of the year the temperature may fall slightly below zero, like in 2012, when it recorded {{convert|-0.7|°C|0|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2012/06/temperaturas-caem-ainda-mais-pela-manha-e-frio-chega-62c-no-rs.html |title=Temperatura cai mais no RS, chega a -6,3°C e geada atinge até Porto Alegre |language=Portuguese |work=g1.globo.com |date=6 August 2012 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref> The summers are very hot, with temperatures that go up to {{convert|30|°C|°F}}, sometimes reaching {{convert|40|°C|°F}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.climatempo.com.br/noticia/2020/01/01/possivel-recorde-historico-de-calor-em-porto-alegre-1054#:~:text=Campo%20Bom%2C%20na%20regi%C3%A3o%20metropolitana,m%C3%A1xima%20de%2041%C2%B0C |title=Possível recorde histórico de calor em Porto Alegre |work=Cimatempo.com.br |language=Portuguese |date=1 January 2020 |access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref> Sometimes, summer usually has irregular rains and periods of drought.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.correiodopovo.com.br/verao/ver%C3%A3o-inicia-neste-domingo-com-alto-risco-de-estiagem-no-rio-grande-do-sul-1.388647 |title=Verão inicia neste domingo com alto risco de estiagem no Rio Grande do Sul |work=Correio do Povo |language=Portuguese |date=21 December 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref> Fall tends to be as changeable as winter, but is typically warmer. Spring is usually very rainy, with [[thunderstorms]], strong winds and [[hailstorms]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/ambiente/noticia/2019/09/mais-de-300-raios-tocaram-o-solo-de-porto-alegre-na-terca-feira-incidencia-e-considerada-alta-ck0pj11tc033h01te2mv54bbn.html |title=Mais de 300 raios tocaram o solo de Porto Alegre na terça-feira; incidência é considerada alta |work=GZH Ambiente |language=Portuguese |date=18 September 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.correiodopovo.com.br/not%C3%ADcias/geral/%C3%A0-espera-do-vendaval-rio-grande-do-sul-tem-dez-cidades-em-situa%C3%A7%C3%A3o-de-emerg%C3%AAncia-1.377373 |title=À espera do vendaval, Rio Grande do Sul tem dez cidades em situação de emergência |work=Correio do Povo |language=Portuguese |date=2 November 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2019/10/31/chuva-de-granizo-danifica-casas-e-causa-alagamentos-na-zona-sul-de-porto-alegre.ghtml |title=Chuva de granizo danifica casas e causa alagamentos na Zona Sul de Porto Alegre |work=g1.globo.com |language=Portuguese |date=31 October 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref> The climate of Porto Alegre is very affected by [[El Niño]] phenomenon, with flooding in some neighborhoods of the city, especially in the islands in the Lake Guaiba.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/ambiente/noticia/2018/09/veja-como-sera-a-primavera-no-rio-grande-do-sul-cjm81k53o04bp01pxhw3yz2j7.html |title=Veja como será a primavera no Rio Grande do Sul |work=GZH Ambiente |language=Portuguese |date=18 September 2018 |access-date=12 July 2021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/primavera-deve-ter-inicio-chuvoso-e-temperaturas-amenas-no-rio-grande-do-sul.ghtml |title=Primavera deve ter início chuvoso e temperaturas amenas no Rio Grande do Sul |work=g1.globo.com |date=22 September 2017 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sul21.com.br/em-destaque/2015/12/temporais-enchentes-e-solidariedade-rs-sofreu-com-chuvas-historicas-em-2015/ |title=Temporais, enchentes e solidariedade: RS sofreu com chuvas históricas em 2015 |work=sul21.com |language=Portuguese |date=31 December 2015 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref> However, a drainage system and a wall along the Historic District were built after a major flood in 1941 that devastated the city, preventing further damage.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/porto-alegre/noticia/2019/04/muro-da-maua-enchente-que-justifica-construcao-pode-so-ocorrer-em-15-mil-anos-cjuvpyfry00rr01p72xxz9myw.html |title=Muro da Mauá: enchente que justifica construção pode só ocorrer em 1,5 mil anos |work=GZH Ambiente |language=Portuguese |date=24 April 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/cultura-e-lazer/noticia/2011/05/livro-e-exposicao-relembram-enchente-de-1941-3329982.html |title=Livro e exposição relembram enchente de 1941 |work=GZH Ambiente |language=Portuguese |date=30 May 2011 |access-date=12 July 2021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

[[Snow]] is very rare, sometimes confused with [[Ice pellets|sleet]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2014/01/porto-alegre-registra-granizo-em-dia-mais-quente-de-2014-diz-meteorologia.html|title=Porto Alegre registra granizo em dia mais quente de 2014, diz meteorologia|date=18 January 2014|website=G1.globo.com|access-date=12 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013014451/http://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2014/01/porto-alegre-registra-granizo-em-dia-mais-quente-de-2014-diz-meteorologia.html|archive-date=13 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The only [[snowfall]] events in Porto Alegre were in 1879, 1910, 1984, 1994, 2000 and 2006, and few of them featured accumulation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2012/06/frio-se-intensifica-no-rs-e-porto-alegre-pode-ter-neve-nesta-quinta.html|title=Frio se intensifica no RS e Porto Alegre pode ter neve nesta quinta|date=4 June 2012|website=G1.globo.com|access-date=12 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013014248/http://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/2012/06/frio-se-intensifica-no-rs-e-porto-alegre-pode-ter-neve-nesta-quinta.html|archive-date=13 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> However, frost sometimes occurs in the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/rs-amanhece-com-frio-geada-e-temperaturas-negativas/ |title=RS amanhece com frio, geada e temperaturas negativas |work=Istoé Dinheiro |language=Portuguese |date=14 August 2019 |access-date=12 July 2021 }}</ref> Occurrence of [[Fog#Types|radiation fog]] is common, causing several delays in early flights. Unlike other large Brazilian cities much further north, notably [[Brasília]], [[São Paulo]], and [[Rio de Janeiro]] which receive a pronounced summer maximum in precipitation amounts, Porto Alegre experiences a prominent winter maximum in precipitation values and cloud cover, while the summer season is primarily hot and sunny; though evidently high humidity levels often give a distinct mugginess to the conditions and reduces air quality. According to 1981-2010 averages, Porto Alegre receives an average-total precipitation amount of {{convert|1,425|mm|in}}Annually. This average makes the city slightly wetter than Rio at {{convert|1,172|mm|in}} and, to a small extent, drier than both São Paulo at {{convert|1,457|mm|in}} and Brasilia at {{convert|1,557|mm|in}},<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/portal/index.php?r=clima/normaisClimatologicas |title=:: INMET - Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia :: |website=www.inmet.gov.br |access-date=6 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526170333/http://www.inmet.gov.br/portal/index.php?r=clima/normaisClimatologicas |archive-date=26 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> although 1991-2020 normals show annual precipitation figure rising to {{convert|1,498|mm|in}}.

The highest recorded unofficial temperature was {{convert|42.6|°C}} and the highest official one was {{convert|40.7|°C}}, recorded on January 1, 1943,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.portoalegre.rs.gov.br/ceic/default.php?reg=788&p_secao=4|title=CEIC - Centro Integrado de Comando da Cidade de Porto Alegre|first=Prefeitura Municipal de Porto|last=Alegre|website=2.portoalegre.rs.gov.br|access-date=12 October 2017|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308132222/http://www2.portoalegre.rs.gov.br/ceic/default.php?reg=788&p_secao=4|url-status=dead}}</ref> while the lowest official recorded temperature was {{convert|-4.0|°C||abbr=}} on July 11, 1918.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Metsul|first=Alexandre Aguiar /|url=https://www.correiodopovo.com.br/not%C3%ADcias/geral/os-100-anos-do-inverno-mais-gelado-no-rio-grande-do-sul-1.266591|title=Os 100 anos do inverno mais gelado no Rio Grande do Sul|accessdate=2023-04-08|website=Correio do Povo|date=7 July 2018 |language=pt-br}}</ref> 
{{Weather box
| metric first = yes
| single line = Yes
| location = Porto Alegre (1991–2020, extremes 1949–present)
|Jan record high C = 39.2
|Feb record high C = 39.0
|Mar record high C = 38.1
|Apr record high C = 36.0
|May record high C = 32.7
|Jun record high C = 31.6
|Jul record high C = 32.2
|Aug record high C = 34.9
|Sep record high C = 38.0
|Oct record high C = 38.2
|Nov record high C = 39.0
|Dec record high C = 40.3
|year record high C = 40.3<ref>{{cite web |url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/ambiente/noticia/2020/01/porto-alegre-registra-a-maior-temperatura-de-dezembro-em-103-anos-ck4x23n6n022q01nv6aimkzw8.html |title=Porto Alegre registra a maior temperatura de dezembro em 103 anos |work=GZH Ambiente |language=Portuguese |date=2 January 2020 |access-date=12 July 2021 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
|Jan record low C = 10.1
|Feb record low C = 11.9
|Mar record low C = 9.6
|Apr record low C = 4.5
|May record low C = 2.3
|Jun record low C = -1.9
|Jul record low C = -1.1
|Aug record low C = -1.2
|Sep record low C = 2.2
|Oct record low C = 4.9
|Nov record low C = 6.7
|Dec record low C = 10.0
|year record low C = -1.9
| Jan high C  =31.0
| Feb high C  =30.5
| Mar high C  =29.2
| Apr high C  =26.4
| May high C  =22.6
| Jun high C  =20.3
| Jul high C  =19.7
| Aug high C  =21.8
| Sep high C  =22.8
| Oct high C  =25.2
| Nov high C  =27.7
| Dec high C  =30.0
| year high C =
| Jan mean C  =25.0
| Feb mean C  =24.7
| Mar mean C  =23.5
| Apr mean C  =20.7
| May mean C  =17.2
| Jun mean C  =14.8
| Jul mean C  =14.1
| Aug mean C  =15.7
| Sep mean C  =17.2
| Oct mean C  =19.7
| Nov mean C  =21.7
| Dec mean C  =24.0
| year mean C =
| Jan low C  =20.7
| Feb low C  =20.7
| Mar low C  =19.5
| Apr low C  =16.8
| May low C  =13.5
| Jun low C  =11.3
| Jul low C  =10.4
| Aug low C  =11.6
| Sep low C  =13.3
| Oct low C  =15.7
| Nov low C  =17.2
| Dec low C  =19.4
| year low C =

|precipitation colour = green
|unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| Jan precipitation mm  =120.7
| Feb precipitation mm  =110.8
| Mar precipitation mm  =103.3
| Apr precipitation mm  =114.4
| May precipitation mm  =112.8
| Jun precipitation mm  =130.4
| Jul precipitation mm  =163.5
| Aug precipitation mm  =120.1
| Sep precipitation mm  =147.8
| Oct precipitation mm  =153.2
| Nov precipitation mm  =105.5
| Dec precipitation mm  =115.7
| year precipitation mm =
| Jan precipitation days  =9.1
| Feb precipitation days  =9.1
| Mar precipitation days  =8.6
| Apr precipitation days  =8.5
| May precipitation days  =8.1
| Jun precipitation days  =8.8
| Jul precipitation days  =9.2
| Aug precipitation days  =8.9
| Sep precipitation days  =9.5
| Oct precipitation days  =9.9
| Nov precipitation days  =7.9
| Dec precipitation days  =8.7
| year precipitation days =

| Jan humidity    =73.0
| Feb humidity    =74.9
| Mar humidity    =75.7
| Apr humidity    =77.8
| May humidity    =81.5
| Jun humidity    =82.8
| Jul humidity    =81.3
| Aug humidity    =78.2
| Sep humidity    =77.4
| Oct humidity    =76.0
| Nov humidity    =72.1
| Dec humidity    =71.4
| year humidity   =
| Jan dew point C =20.5
| Feb dew point C =20.6
| Mar dew point C =19.6
| Apr dew point C =17.3
| May dew point C =14.6
| Jun dew point C =12.4
| Jul dew point C =11.4
| Aug dew point C =12.5
| Sep dew point C =13.7
| Oct dew point C =16.0
| Nov dew point C =17.1
| Dec dew point C =19.2

| Jan sun  =237.6
| Feb sun  =206.9
| Mar sun  =206.5
| Apr sun  =167.1
| May sun  =144.0
| Jun sun  =119.1
| Jul sun  =133.7
| Aug sun  =150.1
| Sep sun  =149.6
| Oct sun  =176.2
| Nov sun  =223.7
| Dec sun  =238.5
| Jan light = 13.8
| Feb light = 13.1
| Mar light = 12.2
| Apr light = 11.4
| May light = 10.6
| Jun light = 10.2
| Jul light = 10.4
| Aug light = 11.1
| Sep light = 11.9
| Oct light = 12.8
| Nov light = 13.6
| Dec light = 14.1
| year light= 
| Jan uv  =6
| Feb uv  =6
| Mar uv  =6
| Apr uv  =5
| May uv  =4
| Jun uv  =4
| Jul uv  =4
| Aug uv  =5
| Sep uv  =5
| Oct uv  =5
| Nov uv  =6
| Dec uv  =7
| year uv =
|source 1 = [[Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia]]<ref name=INMETtmax>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220324043914/https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-TMAX.xlsx
| archive-date = 24 March 2022
| url = https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-TMAX.xlsx
| title = Temperatura Máxima Mensal e Anual (°C)
| work = Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name=INMETtmed>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220324043931/https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-TMEDSECA.xlsx
| archive-date = 24 March 2022
| url = https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-TMEDSECA.xlsx
| title = Temperatura Média Compensada Mensal e Anual (°C)
| work = Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name=INMETtmin>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220324044001/https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-TMIN.xlsx
| archive-date = 24 March 2022
| url = https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-TMIN.xlsx
| title = Temperatura Mínima Mensal e Anual (°C)
| work = Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name=INMETprecip>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220324043703/https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-PREC.xlsx
| archive-date = 24 March 2022
| url = https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-PREC.xlsx
| title = Precipitação Acumulada Mensal e Anual (mm)
| work = Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name=INMETprecipdays>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220324044003/https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-PRENDIAS1.xlsx
| archive-date = 24 March 2022
| url = https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-PRENDIAS1.xlsx
| title = Número de dias no mês ou no ano com precipitação maior ou igual a (1 mm) (dias)
| work = Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name=INMEThumidity>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220324043838/https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-UR.xlsx
| archive-date = 24 March 2022
| url = https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-UR.xlsx
| title = Umidade Relativa do Ar Compensada Mensal e Anual (%)
| work = Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name=INMETinsolacion>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220324043829/https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-INSO.xlsx
| archive-date = 24 March 2022
| url = https://portal.inmet.gov.br/uploads/normais/Normal-Climatologica-INSO.xlsx
| title =Insolação Total (horas)
| work = Normais Climatológicas do Brasil 1991-2020
| publisher = Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia
| language = pt
| access-date = 25 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="Temperatura-INMET-83967-Porto-Alegre-RS">INMET. [http://www.inmet.gov.br/projetos/rede/pesquisa/gera_serie_txt.php?&mRelEstacao=83967&btnProcesso=serie&mRelDtInicio=01/01/1961&mRelDtFim=31/12/2020&mAtributos=,,1,1,,,,,,,,,,,,, BDMEP - série histórica - dados diários - temperatura máxima (°C), temperatura mínima (°C) - Porto Alegre]. Acesso em 19 ago. 2014.</ref><ref name="Produto Climatológico desenvolvido pela Seção de Meteorologia Aeronáutica da Divisão de Pesquisa do ICEA">Departamento de Controle do Espaço Aéreo - DECEA. Acesso em 04 out. 2023.</ref>
|source 2= NOAA<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Brazil/CSV/PORTO_ALEGRE_83967.csv |format=CSV |title=1991-2020 climate normals: Porto Alegre, Brazil |access-date=13 January 2024 |publisher=NOAA}}</ref> Weather atlas(Daylight-UV)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/brazil/porto-alegre-climate |title=Climate and monthly weather forecast Porto Alegre, Brazil |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=Weather Atlas}}</ref>
}}