Editing Pope Nicholas I (section)

===Marriage laws===
Nicholas showed the same zeal in other efforts to maintain ecclesiastical discipline, especially as to the marriage laws. Ingiltrud, wife of Count Boso, had left her husband for a paramour; Nicholas commanded the bishops in the dominions of [[Charles the Bald]] to [[excommunicate]] her unless she returned to her husband. As she paid no attention to the summons to appear before the [[Synod of Milan]] in 860, she was put under the ban.
[[File:Lothaire 2 sceaux 17051.jpg|thumb|Seal of Lothair II]]
The pope was also involved in a desperate struggle with the bishops of Lotharingia over the inviolability of marriage. King [[Lothair II]], not having any children by his wife, [[Teutberga]], had abandoned her to marry his mistress, [[Waldrada of Lotharingia|Waldrada]]. At the Synod of Aachen on 28 April 862, the bishops of Lotharingia approved this union, contrary to ecclesiastical law. At the [[Council of Metz 863|Council of Metz]], June 863, the papal legates, bribed by the king, assented to the Aachen decision, and condemned the absent Teutberga, who took refuge in the court of Lothair's uncle, [[Charles the Bald]], and appealed to the Pope. Upon this the pope brought the matter before his own tribunal. The two archbishops, [[Gunther (archbishop of Cologne)|Günther of Cologne]] and [[Theotgaud|Thietgaud of Trier]], both rumoured to be relatives of Waldrada, had come to Rome as delegates, and were summoned before the Lateran Synod of October 863, when the pope condemned and deposed them as well as John of Ravenna and Hagano of Bergamo. Emperor Louis II took up the cause of the deposed bishops, while King Lothair advanced upon Rome with an army and laid siege to the city. The pope took refuge for two days in St. Peter's. Subsequently, [[Engelberga]] arranged a reconciliation with the pope,<ref name="Bougard">Bougard, François (1993). [http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/imperatrice-engelberga_(Dizionario-Biografico) "ENGELBERGA (Enghelberga, Angelberga), imperatrice"] ‘’Treccani’’.</ref> the emperor withdrew from Rome and commanded the former archbishops of Trier and Cologne to return to their homes. Nicholas never ceased his efforts to bring about a reconciliation between Lothair and his wife.

Another matrimonial case in which Nicholas interposed was that of [[Judith of Flanders|Judith]], daughter of Charles the Bald, who had married Count [[Baldwin I of Flanders]] without her father's consent. Frankish bishops had excommunicated Judith, and Hincmar of Reims had taken sides against her, but Nicholas urged leniency in order to protect freedom of marriage.