Editing Pope Clement IX (section)

==Pontificate==

===Papal election===
{{main|Papal conclave, 1667}}
{{infobox popestyles
|image      = Coat of arms of Pope Clement IX.svg
|dipstyle   = [[His Holiness]]
|offstyle   = Your Holiness
|relstyle   = Holy Father
|deathstyle = None
|}}

[[Pope Alexander VII]] died in 1667 and a conclave to choose his successor was called. King [[Louis XIV]] of France instructed the French faction to turn their support to Rospigliosi and believed also that he would appease the Spanish faction of [[Charles II of Spain|Charles II]] due to the fact that he had once been the [[Apostolic Nuncio to Spain]]. On 20 June 1667, he was elected as pontiff and took the pontifical name of "Clement IX".

The new pope was [[Papal coronation|crowned]] on 26 June 1667 by the [[protodeacon]], [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]] [[Rinaldo d'Este (1618-1672)|Rinaldo d'Este]]. He later took possession of the [[Basilica of Saint John Lateran]] on 3 July 1667.

When asked about Rospigliosi becoming pope, Cardinal [[Francesco Albizzi]] said: "Urban turned the Holy See into a bank; Innocent into a brothel; Alexander into a tavern; this one will make a playhouse of it". Albizzi also alluded to Rospigliosi's passion for music and said, "He will emasculate the Sacred College by giving the hat to all the castrated singers in Europe!"<ref name=PPC>{{cite web|url=https://www.pickle-publishing.com/papers/triple-crown-clement-ix.htm|title=Pope Clement IX: Proceedings of the Conclave that led to his election|publisher=Pickle Publishing|date=2005|accessdate=7 March 2022}}</ref> When elected, Rospigliosi received all but two votes since he voted for another while Cardinal [[Neri Corsini (1614–1678)|Neri Corsini]] voted for Cardinal [[Flavio Chigi (1631–1693)|Flavio Chigi]].

===Actions===
Nothing remarkable occurred under Clement IX's short administration beyond the temporary adjustment of the disputes between the [[Holy See]] and those prelates of the [[Catholic Church in France|Gallican Church]] who had refused to join in condemning the writings of [[Jansenism|Jansen]]. He was [[Mediation|mediator]] during the 1668 [[Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle (1668)|peace of Aachen]], in the wars between [[Kingdom of France|France]], [[Habsburg Spain|Spain]], [[Kingdom of England|England]] and the [[Dutch Republic|Netherlands]].

He was popular with the people of Rome, not so much for his erudition and application to business, as for his extreme charity and his affability towards great and small. He increased the goodwill of his subjects by buying off the monopolist who had secured the "macinato", or privilege of selling grain, and as his predecessor had collected the money for the purpose, Clement IX had the decree published in the name of Alexander VII. Two days each week he occupied a confessional in [[St. Peter's Basilica]] and heard any one who wished to confess to him. He frequently visited the hospitals, and was lavish in his alms to the poor. In an age of [[nepotism]], he did little or nothing to advance or enrich his family. In his aversion to notoriety, he refused to permit his name to be placed on the buildings erected during his reign.<ref name=Loughlin/>

[[File:Angelo de' rossi, papa clemente IX.JPG|thumb|upright|left|Statue of Clement IX]]

===Other actions===
{{main|Cardinals created by Clement IX}}
Clement IX confirmed the cultus of [[Blessed Margaret of Savoy|Margaret of Savoy]] on 9 October 1669. He also beatified [[Rose of Lima]] on 15 April 1668. On 28 April 1668, he canonized [[Magdalena de Pazzi]] and [[Peter of Alcántara]].

He elevated 12 new cardinals in three consistories; this included Emilio Bonaventura Altieri who would succeed him as [[Pope Clement X]].

===Art reforms===
As pope, Clement IX continued his interest in the arts. He embellished the city of Rome with famous works commissioned from [[Gian Lorenzo Bernini]], including the angels of [[Ponte Sant'Angelo]] and the [[colonnade]] of [[Saint Peter's Basilica]]. Somewhat unusually for Popes of the era, Clement IX did not have his name displayed on monuments he built. For the [[Carnival]] celebrations of 1668, commissioned [[Antonio Maria Abbatini]] of the [[Sistine Chapel Choir]] to set to music his free [[Italian language|Italian]] translation of a [[Spanish language|Spanish]] religious drama ''La Baltasara'', the production had sets designed by Bernini.

[[File:Carlo rainaldi, monum. a clemente IX (1671), con papa di domenico guidi, fede di cosimo fancelli e carità ercole ferrata 2.JPG|thumb|The tomb of Clement IX]]

===Defence against the Turks===
Clement IX worked to strengthen [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] defences against the [[Ottoman Turks|Turks]] on the island of [[Crete]]. However, he was unable to get wider support for this cause. At the end of October 1669, Clement IX fell ill after receiving news that the Venetian fortress of [[Heraklion|Candia]] in Crete had [[Siege of Candia|surrendered]] to the Turks.