Editing Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (section)

==Sources of human intake==
[[File:Dioxin chart.png|thumb|400px|A chart illustrating how much dioxin the average American consumes per day. (Note: pg = picogram, or one trillionth of a gram, or 10<sup>−12</sup> g).<ref name="pmid11346131" />]]

Tolerable daily, monthly or annual intakes have been set by the [[World Health Organization]] and a number of governments. Dioxins enter the general population almost exclusively from ingestion of food, specifically through the consumption of fish, meat, and dairy products since dioxins are fat-soluble and readily climb the [[food chain]].<ref name="pmid11346131">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schecter A, Cramer P, Boggess K |title=Intake of dioxins and related compounds from food in the U.S. population |journal=J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A |volume=63 |issue=1 |pages=1–18 |year=2001 |pmid=11346131 | doi = 10.1080/152873901750128326 |bibcode=2001JTEHA..63....1S |s2cid=15153932 |display-authors=etal  |url=http://www.ejnet.org/dioxin/dioxininfood.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Liem A.K. |author2=Furst P. |author3=Rappe C. | year = 2000 | title = Exposure of populations to dioxins and related compounds | journal = Food Additives and Contaminants | volume = 17 | issue = 4| pages = 241–259 |doi=10.1080/026520300283324 |pmid=10912239 |s2cid=24861588 }}</ref>

Children are passed substantial body burdens by their mothers, and [[breastfeeding]] increases the child's body burden.<ref name="pmid11065082">{{cite book | vauthors = Przyrembel H, Heinrich-Hirsch B, Vieth B | title = Short and Long Term Effects of Breast Feeding on Child Health | chapter = Exposition to and Heal Theffects of Residues in Human Milk | series = Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology | volume = 478 | pages = 307–25 | date = 2000 | pmid = 11065082 | doi = 10.1007/0-306-46830-1_27 | isbn = 0-306-46405-5 }}</ref> Dioxin exposure can also occur from contact with Pentachlorophenol (Penta) treated lumber as Pentachlorophenol often contains dioxins as a contaminant. Children's daily intakes during breast feeding are often many times above the intakes of adults based on body weight. This is why the WHO consultation group assessed the tolerable intake so as to prevent a woman from accumulating harmful body burdens before her first pregnancy.<ref name=WHO>{{cite journal | year = 2000 | title = Consultation on assessment of the health risks of dioxins; re-evaluation of the tolerable daily intake (TDI): Executive summary | journal = Food Additives and Contaminants | volume = 17 | issue = 4| pages = 223–240 | doi=10.1080/713810655 | pmid=10912238| s2cid = 216644694 }}</ref> Breast fed children usually still have higher dioxin body burdens than non breast fed children. The [[World Health Organization|WHO]] still recommends breast feeding for its other benefits.<ref>[http://www.nrdc.org/breastmilk/chem9.asp Healthy Milk, Healthy Baby – Chemical Pollution and Mother's Milk – Chemicals: Dioxins and Furans] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070804074641/http://www.nrdc.org/breastmilk/chem9.asp |date=4 August 2007 }}. Nrdc.org. Retrieved on 2011-06-09.</ref> In many countries dioxins in breast milk have decreased by even 90% during the two last decades.<ref>{{cite web|title=WHO Fact Sheet – "Persistent organic pollutants in human milk|date=December 2009|access-date=29 April 2017|url=http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/97032/4.3.-Persistant-Organic-Pollutantsm-EDITED_layouted_V2.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072048/http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/97032/4.3.-Persistant-Organic-Pollutantsm-EDITED_layouted_V2.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Dioxins are present in [[list of cigarette smoke carcinogens|cigarette smoke]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Ball M, Paepke O, Lis A |title=Polychlordibenzodioxine und Polychlordibenzofurane in Cigarettenrauch |journal=Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=393–402 |year=1990 |url=http://www.itrust.de/btfi/pdf/1990-14-06-393.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218072657/http://www.itrust.de/btfi/pdf/1990-14-06-393.pdf |archive-date=2008-12-18 }}</ref> Dioxin in cigarette smoke was noted as "understudied" by the US EPA in its "Re-Evaluating Dioxin" (1995). In that same document, the US EPA acknowledged that dioxin in cigarettes is "anthropogenic" (man-made, "not likely in nature").