Editing Politics of Turkey (section)

==Political parties and elections==
=== Political parties ===
{{Further|List of political parties in Turkey}}
After World War II, Turkey started operating under a [[Multi-party period of the Republic of Turkey|multi-party system]]. 

On the [[Centre-right politics|center right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right]] side of the Turkish [[political spectrum]], these parties have had large majorities:

* [[Democratic Party (Turkey, historical)|Democrat Party]] (DP) (Formed in 1945, shut down after the [[1960 Turkish coup d'état|1960 coup d'etat]])
* [[Justice Party (Turkey)|Justice Party]] (AP) (Formed in 1961, shut down after the [[1980 Turkish coup d'état|1980 coup d'etat]])
* [[Motherland Party (Turkey)|Motherland Party]] (ANAP) (Formed in 1983, stayed in power until 1991, was a sizeable party that sometimes was part of governing coalitions until 2002)
* [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] (AKP) (Formed in 2001, has been in power since 2002)

Some other parties that have had similar politics but never had large majorities are:

* [[Democratic Party (Turkey, 1970)|Democratic Party]] (DP)
* [[True Path Party]] (DYP)

Turkish [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] parties are more likely to embrace principles of political ideologies such as [[conservatism]], [[nationalism]] or [[Islamism]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Yılmaz |first1=Hakan |title=Conservatism in Turkey |url=https://esiweb.org/pdf/esi_turkey_tpq_vol7_no1_HakanYilmaz.pdf |publisher=[[European Stability Initiative]] |access-date=12 April 2022 |archive-date=7 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307223711/https://www.esiweb.org/pdf/esi_turkey_tpq_vol7_no1_HakanYilmaz.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

On the [[Far-right politics|far-right]], there have been nationalist parties and Islamist parties:

* [[Nationalist Movement Party]] (MHP)
* [[Millî Görüş|Milli Görüş]] parties
** [[Milli Nizam Partisi]] (MNP)
** [[Milli Selamet Partisi]] (MSP)
** [[Refah Partisi]] (RP)
** [[Fazilet Partisi]] (FP)
** [[Saadet Partisi]] (SP)
** [[New Welfare Party|Yeniden Refah Partisi]] (YRP)
* [[Great Unity Party|Büyük Birlik Partisi]] (BBP)
* [[Victory Party (Turkey)|Zafer Partisi]] (ZP)

On the center-left side of the spectrum, parties like [[Republican People's Party]] (CHP), [[Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)|Social Democratic Populist Party]] (SHP) and [[Democratic Left Party (Turkey)|Democratic Left Party]] (DSP) once enjoyed the largest electoral success. [[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]] parties are more likely to embrace principles of [[socialism]], [[Kemalism]] or [[secularism]].<ref name="FleetFaroqhi2008p357">{{cite book|author1=Kate Fleet|author2=Suraiya Faroqhi|author3=Reşat Kasaba|title=The Cambridge History of Turkey|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iOoGH4GckQgC&pg=PA357|access-date=13 June 2013|year=2008|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-62096-3|pages=357–358|archive-date=17 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117224558/https://books.google.com/books?id=iOoGH4GckQgC&pg=PA357|url-status=live}}</ref>

On the left side, [[Socialism|socialist]] and [[Communism|communist]] parties tend not to get large votes, but parties like the [[Workers' Party of Turkey (1961)|Workers' Party of Turkey]] (and the [[Workers' Party of Turkey (2017)|TİP]] founded in 2017) have been able to get elected representatives in the parliament.

=== Elections ===
[[File:Atatürk Airport ballot box 2.JPG|thumb|A woman casting her vote at the 2015 elections]]
{{Further|Elections in Turkey}}
Elections in Turkey are held for six functions of [[Government of Turkey|government]]: [[Turkish presidential elections|presidential elections]] (national), [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|parliamentary elections]] (national), [[Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey|municipality mayors]] (local), [[List of districts in Turkey|district mayors]] (local), [[Provinces of Turkey|provincial]] or [[List of municipalities in Turkey|municipal council members]] (local) and [[Muhtar (title)|muhtars]] (local).

Apart from [[election]]s, [[referendum]]s are also held occasionally. To put forward a referendum regarding [[constitutional amendment]]s, a [[supermajority]] (three fifths of the votes) in the parliament is required first. These kinds of referendums are binding.

In May 2023, President Erdogan won a new re-election and his AK Party with its allies held parliamentary majority in the [[2023 Turkish general election|general election]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wilks |first1=Andrew |title=Turkey's Erdogan celebrates presidential election run-off win |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/5/28/turkey-presidential-election-results-3 |work=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref>