Editing Pictures at an Exhibition (section)

==Movements==
[[Vladimir Stasov]]'s program, identified below,{{sfn|Calvocoressi|Abraham|1974|pp=172–173}} and the six known extant pictures suggest the ten pieces that make up the suite correspond to eleven pictures by Hartmann, with "Samuel Goldenberg und Schmuÿle" accounting for two. The five Promenades are not numbered with the ten pictures and consist in the composer's manuscript of two titled movements and three untitled interludes appended to the first, second, and fourth pictures.<ref>See Pavel Lamm's [http://conquest.imslp.info/files/imglnks/usimg/e/e6/IMSLP107726-PMLP03722-Mussorgsky_Werke_Kalmus_Band_VIII_Folge_2_Tableaux_d_une_Exposition_scan.pdf 1931 edition].</ref>

Mussorgsky links the suite's movements in a way that depicts the viewer's own progress through the exhibition. Two Promenade movements stand as portals to the suite's main sections. Their regular pace and irregular meter depict the act of walking. Three untitled interludes present shorter statements of this [[Theme (music)|theme]], varying the mood, colour, and key in each to suggest reflection on a work just seen or anticipation of a new work glimpsed. A turn is taken in the work at the "Catacombae" when the Promenade theme stops functioning as merely a linking device and becomes, in "Cum mortuis", an integral element of the movement itself. The theme reaches its [[apotheosis]] in the suite's finale, "The Bogatyr Gates".

The first two movements of the suite—one grand, one grotesque—find mirrored counterparts, and apotheoses, at the end. The suite traces a journey that begins at an art exhibition, but the line between observer and observed vanishes at the Catacombs when the journey takes on a different character.<!--The following bold assertion needs a citation: For all the variety individual movements display in musical invention, each springs from a kernel in the opening melody. The Promenade theme provides distinctive "cells" of two and three notes that generate themes and accompaniment figures throughout the piece.-->

The table below shows the order of movements.

{| class="wikitable"
!{{Abbr|No.|Number}}
!Title in score
!English translation
! style="width: 57px;" |Key
! style="width: 45px;" |Meter
!Tempo
|-
|
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#Promenade|Promenade]]
|
|[[B-flat major|B{{music|flat}} major]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|5|4}}, {{music|time|6|4}}
|Allegro giusto, nel modo russico; senza allegrezza, ma poco sostenuto
|-
| align="center" | 1
|''[[Pictures at an Exhibition#1. The Gnome|Gnomus]]'' <small>(Latin)</small>
|The Gnome
|[[E-flat minor|E{{music|flat}} minor]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|3|4}}
|Vivo and Meno mosso, pesante
|-
|
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#Promenade (2nd)|Promenade]]
|
|[[A-flat major|A{{music|flat}} major]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|5|4}}, {{music|time|6|4}}
|Moderato commodo assai e con delicatezza
|-
| align="center" | 2
|''[[Pictures at an Exhibition#2. The Old Castle|Il vecchio castello]]'' <small>(Italian)</small>
|The Old Castle
|[[G-sharp minor|G{{music|sharp}} minor]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|6|8}}
|Andante molto cantabile e con dolore
|-
|
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#Promenade (3rd)|Promenade]]
|
|[[B major]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|5|4}}, {{music|time|6|4}}
|Moderato non tanto, pesamente
|-
| align="center" | 3
|''[[Pictures at an Exhibition#3. Tuileries (Children's Quarrel after Games)|Tuileries (Dispute d'enfants après jeux)]]'' <small>(French)</small>
|Tuileries (Children's Quarrel after Games)
|B major
| align="center" | {{music|common-time}}
|Allegretto non troppo, capriccioso
|-
| align="center" | 4
|''[[Pictures at an Exhibition#4. Cattle|Bydło]]'' <small>(Polish)</small>
|Cattle
|G{{music|sharp}} minor
| align="center" | {{music|time|2|4}}
|Sempre moderato, pesante
|-
|
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#Promenade (4th)|Promenade]]
|
|[[D minor]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|5|4}}, {{music|time|6|4}}, {{music|time|7|4}}
|Tranquillo
|-
| align="center" | 5
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#5. Ballet of Unhatched Chicks|Балет невылупившихся птенцов]] <small>(Russian)</small><br>''Balet nevylupivshikhsya ptentsov'' <small>({{Abbr|trans.|transliteration}})</small>
|Ballet of Unhatched Chicks
|[[F major]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|2|4}}
|Scherzino
|-
| align="center" | 6
|''[[Pictures at an Exhibition#6. "Samuel" Goldenberg and "Schmuÿle"|"Samuel" Goldenberg und "Schmuÿle"]]'' <small>(Yiddish)</small>
|"Samuel" Goldenberg and "Schmuÿle"
|[[B-flat minor|B{{music|flat}} minor]]
| align="center" | {{music|common-time}}
|Andante. Grave energico and Andantino
|-
|
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#Promenade (5th)|Promenade]]
|
|B{{music|flat}} major
| align="center" | {{music|time|5|4}}, {{music|time|6|4}}, {{music|time|7|4}}
|Allegro giusto, nel modo russico; poco sostenuto
|-
| align="center" | 7
|''[[Pictures at an Exhibition#7. Limoges. The Market (The Great News)|Limoges. Le marché (La grande nouvelle)]]'' <small>(French)</small>
|Limoges. The Market (The Great News)
|[[E-flat major|E{{music|flat}} major]]
| align="center" | {{music|common-time}}
|Allegretto vivo, sempre scherzando
|-
| rowspan="2" align="center" | 8
|''[[Pictures at an Exhibition#8. Catacombs (Roman Tomb) – With the Dead in a Dead Language|Catacombae (Sepulcrum romanum)]]'' <small>(Latin)</small>
|Catacombs (Roman Tomb)
|[[B minor]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|3|4}}
|Largo
|-
|''Cum mortuis in lingua mortua'' <small>(Latin)</small>
|With the Dead in a Dead Language
|B minor
| align="center" | {{music|time|6|4}}
|Andante non troppo con lamento
|-
| align="center" | 9
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#9. The Hut on Hen's Legs (Baba Yaga)|Избушка на курьих ножках (Баба-Яга)]] <small>(Russian)</small><br>''Izbushka na kuryikh nozhkakh (Baba-Yaga)'' <small>({{Abbr|trans.|transliteration}})</small>
|The Hut on Hen's Legs (Baba Yaga)
|[[C minor]]
| align="center" | {{music|time|2|4}}
|Allegro con brio, feroce and Andante mosso
|-
| align="center" | 10
|[[Pictures at an Exhibition#10. The Bogatyr Gates (In the Capital in Kiev)|Богатырские ворота (В стольном городе во Киеве)]] <small>(Russian)</small><br>''Bogatyrskiye vorota (V stolnom gorode vo Kiyeve)'' <small>({{Abbr|trans.|transliteration}})</small>
|The Bogatyr Gates (In the Capital in Kiev)<br><small>(Often translated as "The Great Gate of Kiev" or "The Heroes' Gate at Kiev")</small>
|E{{music|flat}} major
| align="center" | {{music|cut-time}}
|Allegro [[alla breve]]. Maestoso, con grandezza
|}

===Promenade===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part1.ogg|title=Promenade – The Gnome (3:32)|description=MIDI realization}}

[[Vladimir Stasov]]'s comment: In this piece Mussorgsky depicts himself "roving through the exhibition, now leisurely, now briskly in order to come close to a picture that had attracted his attention, and at times sadly, thinking of his departed friend."

The piece has simple, strong rhythms in [[Mixed meter|asymmetrical meter]]. The promenade theme is shown below:

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
    { \new PianoStaff <<
        \new Staff <<
            \new voice \relative c'' {
                \tempo "Allegro giusto, nel modo russico; senza allegrezza, ma poco sostenuto"
                \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 112
                \clef treble \key bes \major 
				\time 5/4 
                	g4--_\f f-- bes-- c8--( f d4--)
                \time 6/4
					c8--( f d4--) bes-- c-- g-- f--
				\time 5/4
					<bes, d g>4 <a c f> <bes d bes'> \stemDown <c a'> <f a>
				\time 6/4
					\stemDown <c a'> <f bes> \stemNeutral <d g bes> <e g c> <g, c g'> <a c f>
				}
			\new Voice \relative c'' {
                \time 5/4
					s1 s4
				\time 6/4
					s1.
				\time 5/4
					s2. \stemUp c8^( f d4)
				\time 6/4
					\stemUp c8^( f d4) s1
                }
            >>
        \new Staff <<
			\clef bass \key bes \major 
            \relative c {
                \time 5/4
					R1*5/4
				\time 6/4
					R1*6/4
				\time 5/4
					<g g'>4 <a f'> <g g'> <f f'> <d d'>
                \time 6/4
					<f f'> <bes bes'> <g g'> <c, c'> <e e'> <f f'>
				}
            >>
    >> }
</score>}}

===1. The Gnome===
Stasov's comment: "A sketch depicting a little gnome, clumsily running with crooked legs."

Hartmann's sketch, now lost, is thought to represent a design for a nutcracker displaying large teeth. The lurching music, in contrasting tempos with frequent stops and starts, suggests the movements of the gnome.

{{Block indent|<score sound="1">
{\new PianoStaff << 
\new Staff  \relative c'{\clef bass \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \time 3/4 \key ges\major \tempo "sempre vivo" 4=286 ces8\ff (es,8 d8 ces'8 bes8 d,8) ges2.\sf\fermata ~ges2~ ges8 r8 \tempo "meno vivo" 4=166 ces8\p (es,8 d8 ces'8 bes8 d,8) ges2. ~ges2. \tempo "sempre vivo"4=286 ces8\ff (es,8 eses8 ces'8 bes8 des,8) fes4\sf bes8 (ces,8 es4\sf) bes'8 (bes,8) d4\sf (bes8) r8 \clef treble <bes' bes'>4\ottava#1  <bes'' bes'>4\ottava#0 r4\fermata}

\new Staff \relative c'{\clef bass \time 3/4 \key ges\major ces,8 (es,8 d8 ces'8 bes8 d,8) ges2.\fermata ~ges2~ ges8 r8 ces8 (es,8 d8 ces'8 bes8 d,8) ges2. ~ges2. ces8 (es,8 eses8 ces'8 bes8 des,8) fes4 bes8 (ces,8 es4) bes'8 (bes,8) d4 (bes8) r8 bes'4 \clef treble bes''4 r4\fermata}
 >> }
</score>}}

===Promenade (2nd)===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part2.ogg|title=Promenade – The Old Castle (4:38)|description=MIDI realization}}

A placid statement of the promenade melody depicts the viewer walking from one display to the next.

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
\relative c {
  \tempo "Moderato commodo e con delicatezza"
  \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 96
  \key aes \major
  \clef bass
  \bar ""
  \time 5/4 f\p( es aes bes8 es c4
  \time 6/4 bes8 es c4 aes bes f es)
}
</score>}}

===2. The Old Castle===
Stasov's comment: "A medieval castle before which a troubadour sings a song."

This movement is thought to be based on a watercolor depiction of an Italian castle and is portrayed in Ravel's orchestration by a [[bassoon]] and [[alto saxophone]] duet. Hartmann often placed appropriate human figures in his architectural renderings to suggest scale.{{sfn|Frankenstein|1939|p=282}}

{{Block indent|<score sound="1">
{\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff \relative c <<
{\tempo "Andante molto cantabile e con dolore" \clef bass \time 6/8 \key gis\minor \set Score.tempoHideNote=##t \tempo 4=66 dis2.~\pp dis4 dis8 dis8-. dis8-. dis8-. dis8. (e16) dis8-. fis8-. (e8-. dis8-.) cis8. (dis16) cis8-. e8-. (dis8-. cis8-.) b4 (cis8 dis8 cis8 b8) ais8. (b16) ais8-. cis8-. (b8-. ais8-.) b4. (gis4.)}
\\
{gis2.~ gis4. gis4. gis4. gis4. gis4. gis4. gis4. ~gis4 r8 gis4. ~gis4 r8 gis4 gis8}
>>
>>}
</score>}}

===Promenade (3rd)===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part3.ogg|title=Promenade – Tuileries (1:27)|description=MIDI realization}}

Another brief statement of the promenade melody (8 measures) gives it more extroversion and weight than before.

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
\relative c' {
  \tempo "Moderato non tanto, pesante"
  \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 96
  \key b \major
  \clef treble
  \bar ""
  \time 5/4 <gis gis'>\f <fis fis'> <b b'> <cis cis'>8 <fis fis'> <dis dis'>4
  \time 6/4 <cis cis'>8 <fis fis'> <dis dis'>4 <b b'> <cis cis'> <gis gis'> <fis fis'>)
}
</score>}}

===3. Tuileries (Children's Quarrel after Games)===
Stasov's comment: "An avenue in the garden of the Tuileries, with a swarm of children and nurses."

Hartmann's picture of the [[Tuileries Garden|Jardin des Tuileries]] near the [[Louvre]] in Paris (France) is now lost. Figures of children quarrelling and playing in the garden were likely added by the artist for scale (see note on No. 2 above).

The movement is cast in through-composed [[ternary form]] (ABA).

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
{\new PianoStaff << 
\new Staff
\relative c'{
    \clef treble 
    \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t 
    \time 4/4 
    \key b\major 
    \tempo "Allegretto non troppo, capriccioso" 4=120
    <fis b fis'>4(\p\> <eis b' dis>8)\! r8 
    <fis b fis'>4(\> <eis b' dis>8)\! r8
    <b' fis'>(\> gis'16 fis)\! <b, eis>-. dis-. cisis-. dis-. 
    <b eis>-.\> dis-. fis-. eis-.\! <b gis'>-. fis'-. eis-. dis-.
}
\new Staff 
\relative c'{
    \clef bass 
    \time 4/4 
    \key b\major 
    <b dis>4( <gis dis'>8) r8 
    <b dis>4( <gis dis'>8) r8
    <b dis fis>4( <gis dis' eis>8) r8
    <b dis fis>4( <gis dis' eis>8) r8
}
 >> }
</score>}}

===4. Cattle===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part4.ogg|title=Cattle (2:51)|description=MIDI realization}}

Stasov's comment: "A Polish cart on enormous wheels, drawn by oxen."

The movement is cast in through-composed [[ternary form]] (ABA) with coda. Mussorgsky's original piano version of this movement begins [[Dynamics (music)|''fortissimo'']] ({{serif|'''''ff'''''}}), suggesting that the lumbering [[Bullock cart|oxcart]]'s journey begins in the listener's foreground. After reaching a climax (''con tutta forza''), the dynamic marking is abruptly ''piano'' (bar 47), followed by a [[Crescendo|''diminuendo'']] to a final ''pianississimo'' ({{serif|'''''ppp'''''}}), suggesting the oxcart receding into the distance. [[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov|Rimsky-Korsakov]]'s edition, and arrangements based on it such as Ravel's, begin quietly, build gradually (''crescendo'') to ''fortissimo'' and then undergo a ''diminuendo'', suggesting the oxcart approaching, passing the listener, and then receding.

{{Block indent|<score sound="1">
{\new PianoStaff << 
\new Staff  \relative c'
{\clef bass \key gis\minor \set Score.tempoHideNote=##t \time 2/4 \tempo "Sempre moderato pesante"4=46 \override DynamicLineSpanner.staff-padding = #2.5 r4_\ff dis,4 ~(dis8 fis16 e16) dis8-- e8-- dis8-- gis8-- ais8-- b8-- ais4-- gis8-- r8 cis4-- (gis'8) r8 cis,4-- (gis'8) gis8-- dis4-- cis4-- b8 (dis8 ais8) r8 gis4 fis8 (e8 dis8) r8}
\new Staff \relative c{\clef bass \time 2/4 \key gis\minor
\repeat unfold 8{<gis, dis' gis>8-- <b dis b'>8}
\repeat unfold 2 {<a cis a'>8 <cis e cis'>8 <e, gis e'>8 <gis b gis'>8} <fisis ais fisis'>8 <ais dis ais'>8 <fisis ais fisis'>8 <ais dis ais'>8  <gis dis' gis>8 <b dis b'>8 <fisis ais fisis'>8 <ais cis ais'>8 
<gis b gis'>8 <b dis b'>8 <a cis a'>8 <cis e cis'>8 <gis dis' gis>8 <b dis b'>8}
>>}
</score>}}

===Promenade (4th)===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part5.ogg|title=Promenade – Ballet of Unhatched Chicks (1:40)|description=MIDI realization}}

A reflective 10-measure presentation of the promenade [[Theme (music)|theme]].

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
{\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff 
    \relative c'' <<
    { 
        \clef treble 
        \key f\major
        \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t 
        \tempo "Tranquillo" 4=88
        \time 5/4 b2\rest \ottava #1 d'4\p( e8 a f4
        \time 6/4 e8 a f4 d e bes a)
    }
    \\
    \relative c'' {
        \time 5/4 s2 \ottava #1 <d f a>4 <c e a c>4 <d f a d>4
        \time 6/4 <c e a c> <bes d bes' f> <g bes g' bes> <e bes' d e g> <g bes d e g> <a cis e g>
    }
    >>
>>}
</score>}}

===5. Ballet of Unhatched Chicks===
Stasov's comment: "Hartmann's design for the décor of a picturesque scene in the ballet ''[[Trilby (ballet)|Trilby]]''."

Gerald Abraham provides the following details: "''Trilby'' or ''The Demon of the Heath'', a ballet with choreography by [[Marius Petipa|Petipa]], music by Julius Gerber, and décor by Hartmann, based on [[Charles Nodier]]'s ''Trilby'', or ''The Elf of Argyle'', was produced at the [[Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre|Bolshoi Theatre]], Saint Petersburg, in 1871. The fledglings were canary chicks."{{sfn|Calvocoressi|Abraham|1974|p=172}}

The movement is cast in [[ternary form]] (ABA) with a literal repeat and terse extension ([[Coda (music)|coda]]).

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
\relative c''' {
  \tempo "Scherzino. Vivo leggiero"
  \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 150
  \key f \major
  \clef treble
  \bar ""
  \time 2/4
  \slashedGrace d8\pp^( <f, a c>-.) <f, a c>-. 
  \slashedGrace c''^( <f, aes b>-.) <f, aes des>-. 
  \slashedGrace d''^() <f, a! c>-.) <f, a! c>-. 
  <aes b des f aes>-.-> \slashedGrace d'^( <f, a c>-.)
  
  \slashedGrace d'^( <f, a! c>-.) <f, a! c>-. 
  \slashedGrace c''^( <f, aes b>-.) <f, aes des>-. 
  \slashedGrace d''^() <f, a! c>-.) <f, a! c>-. 
  <des' f aes>-. <aes b>-.
}
</score>}}

=== 6. "Samuel" Goldenberg and "Schmuÿle" ===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part6.ogg|title="Samuel" Goldenberg and 'Schmuÿle" (2:03)|description=MIDI realization}}

Stasov's comment: "Two Jews: rich and poor" ({{langx|ru|Два еврея: богатый и бедный|link=no}})

Stasov's explanatory title elucidates the personal names used in Mussorgsky's original manuscript. Published versions display various combinations, such as "Two Polish Jews, Rich and Poor (Samuel Goldenberg and Schmuyle)". The movement is thought to be based on two separate extant portraits.

The use of [[augmented second]] intervals approximates Jewish modes such as the [[Phrygian dominant scale]]. The movement is in ternary form {{nowrap|A – B – A+B}}:

*Andante, grave energico (Theme 1 "Samuel Goldenberg")
*Andantino (Theme 2 "Schmuÿle")
*Andante, grave energico (Themes 1 and 2 in counterpoint)
*Coda
{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
\relative c' {
  \tempo "Andante"
  \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 56
  \key bes \minor
  \clef treble
  \bar ""
  \time 4/4
  \partial32 bes32\f( f'8) r \grace {e16() f} e4~\sf) 
  e8 r \tuplet 3/2 {a,16-- bes-- \set stemRightBeamCount = 1 c--} \set stemLeftBeamCount = 1  des16.-- bes32(
  f'8) r \grace {e16( f e} des4~\sf)
  des8
}
</score>}}

===Promenade (5th)===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part7.ogg|title=Promenade – Limoges – Catacombae – Con mortuis in lingua mortua (6:01)|description=MIDI realization}}
A nearly bar-for-bar restatement of the opening promenade. Differences are slight: condensed second half, [[block chord]]s voiced more fully. Structurally, the movement acts as a reprise, giving listeners another hearing of the opening material before these are developed in the second half of the suite.

Many arrangements, including Ravel's orchestral version, omit this movement.

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
\relative c'' {
  \tempo "Allegro giusto, nel modo russico; poco sostenuto"
  \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 96
  \key bes \major
  \clef treble
  \bar ""
  \time 5/4 g4\f-- f-- bes-- c8--( f d4--)
  \time 6/4 c8--( f d4--) bes-- c-- g-- f--
}
</score>}}

===7. Limoges. The Market (The Great News)===
Stasov's comment: "French women quarrelling violently in the market."

[[Limoges]] is a city in central France. Mussorgsky originally provided two paragraphs in French that described a marketplace discussion (the 'great news'), but subsequently crossed them out in the manuscript.

The movement is a [[scherzo]] in through-composed [[ternary form]] (ABA). A scurrying coda leads without a break into the next movement.

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
{\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff 
    \relative c'' <<
    { 
        \clef treble 
        \key es \major
        \time 4/4
        \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t 
        \tempo "Allegretto vivo, sempre scherzando" 4=96
        bes16( a) bes-. bes-. bes( a) bes-. bes-.
        bes( a) bes-. bes-. bes( a) bes-. bes-.
        bes-. a-. c-. bes-. es-. d-. f-. es-.
        fis-. g-. c( bes aes g f es)
        ces'-. f,-. bes( aes) ces-. f,-. bes( aes)
        ces-. f,-. bes-. f-. a-. d,-. aes'-. d,-.
    }
    \\
    \relative c' {
        <es g>16(\f bes) <es g>-. <es g>-. <es g>( bes) <es g>-. <es g>-.
        <es g>(_\markup { \italic "dim." } bes) <es g>-. <es g>-. <es g>( bes) <es g>-. <es g>-.
        <es g>-.\mf <es g>-. <es g>-. <es g>-. <es g>-. <es g>-. <es g>-. <es g>-.
        <g bes>-.\sf <g bes>-. <g bes>-. <g bes>-. <g bes>-. <g bes>-. <g bes>-. <g bes>-. 
        <aes ces> <aes ces> <ces es>\sf <ces es> <aes ces> <aes ces>\sf <ces es> <ces es>
        <aes d>\sf <aes d> <aes d>\sf <aes d> <f bes>\sf <f bes> <f bes>\sf <f bes> 
    }
    >>
>>}
</score>}}

=== 8. Catacombs (Roman Tomb) – With the Dead in a Dead Language ===
[[File:Catacombae.PNG|thumb|"Catacombae" and "Cum mortuis in lingua mortua" from Mussorgsky's manuscript]]
Stasov's comment: "Hartmann represented himself examining the Paris catacombs by the light of a lantern."

The movement is in two distinct parts. Its two sections consist of a nearly static Largo consisting of a sequence of block chords with elegiac lines adding a touch of melancholy and a more flowing, gloomy Andante that introduces the Promenade theme into the scene.

The first section's alternating loud and soft chords evoke the grandeur, stillness, and echo of the catacombs. The second section suggests a merging of observer and scene as the observer descends into the [[catacombs]]. Mussorgsky's manuscript of "Catacombs" (shown right) displays two pencilled notes, in Russian: "NB – Latin text: With the dead in a dead language" and, along the right margin, "Well may it be in Latin! The creative spirit of the dead Hartmann leads me towards the skulls, invokes them; the skulls begin to glow softly."

{{Block indent|<score sound="1" lang="lilypond">
{\new PianoStaff <<
\new Staff 
    \relative c' <<
    { 
        \clef bass 
        \key c\major
        \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t 
        \tempo "Largo" 4=72
        \time 3/4
        b2.\fermata
        g\fermata
        g'\fermata
        b,~
        b
        ais(
        b)
        cis\fermata
        d(
        b)
        <fis cis' fis>\fermata
    }
    \\
    \relative c, {
        <b b'>2.\ff
        <g g'>\p
        <g' g'>_\markup { \italic "cresc." }
        <d d' g~ fis'^~>(\ff
        <cis cis' g' fis'>_\markup { \dynamic "p" \italic "dim." }
        <c! c'! g'~ fis'^~>\ff
        <b b' g' fis'>_\markup { \dynamic "p" \italic "dim." }
        <bes bes' g' fis'>)\ff
        <a a' fis'~ fis'^~>(_\markup { \italic "dim." }
        <g g' fis' fis'>_\markup { \dynamic "p" \italic "dim." }
        <fis fis'>)\pp
    }
    >>
>>}
</score>}}

===9. The Hut on Hen's Legs (Baba Yaga)===
{{listen|type=music|filename=Mussorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition Part8.ogg|title=The Hut on Hen's Legs – The Bogatyr Gates (7:22)|description=MIDI realization}}

Stasov's comment: "Hartmann's drawing depicted a clock in the form of [[Baba Yaga]]'s hut on hen's legs. Mussorgsky added the witch's flight in a [[mortar and pestle|mortar]]."

A [[scherzo]] marked ''Feroce'' with a slower middle section. [[Motif (music)|Motives]] in this movement evoke the bells of a large clock and the whirlwind sounds of a chase. Structurally, the movement mirrors the grotesque qualities of "Gnomus" on a grand scale.

The movement is cast in [[ternary form]] (ABA):

*Allegro con brio, feroce
*Andante mosso
*Allegro molto (a nearly literal repeat)
*Coda

The coda leads without a break into the final movement of the suite.

{{Block indent|<score sound="1">
{\new PianoStaff << 
\new Staff  \relative c{
  \tempo "Allegro con brio, feroce"
  \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 4 = 132
  \key c \major
  \clef treble
  \bar ""
  \time 2/4
  <fis fis'>4\ff g
  R2
  <fis fis'>8 <fis fis'> g4
  R2
  <f! f'!>4 aes8(\sf g)
  R2
  <f f'>8 <f f'> aes(\sf g)
  aes(\sf g) r4
}
\new Staff \relative c, {
  \clef bass
  fis4 <g, g'>
  R2
  fis'8 fis <g, g'>4
  R2
  f'!4 <aes, aes'>8( <g g'>)
  R2
  f'8 f <aes, aes'>( <g g'>)
  <aes aes'>( <g g'>) r4
}
 >> }
</score>}}

===10. The Bogatyr Gates (In the Capital in Kiev)===
Stasov's comment: "Hartmann's sketch was his design for city gates at [[Kyiv|Kiev]] in the ancient Russian massive style with a cupola shaped like a slavonic helmet."

[[Bogatyr]]s are heroes that appear in Russian epics called ''[[bylinas]]''. Hartmann designed a monumental gate for [[Alexander II of Russia|Tsar Alexander II]] to commemorate the monarch's narrow escape from an assassination attempt on April 4, 1866. Hartmann regarded his design as the best work he had done. His design won the national competition but plans to build the structure were later cancelled.

The movement's grand main theme exalts the opening Promenade much as "Baba Yaga" amplified "Gnomus"; also like that movement, it evens out the meter of its earlier counterpart. The solemn secondary theme is based on a [[baptism]]al hymn from the repertory of [[Russian Orthodox]] [[chant]].

The movement is cast as a broad [[rondo]] in two main sections: ABAB–CADA. The first half of the movement sets up the expectation of an ABABA pattern. The interruption of this pattern with new music just before its expected conclusion gives the rest of the movement the feeling of a vast extension. This extended leave-taking acts as a [[Coda (music)|coda]] for the suite as a whole.

*'''A''': Main Theme (''forte'', then ''fortissimo''); [[maestoso]]
*'''B''': Hymn Theme (''piano'') (A{{music|flat}} minor); ''senza espressione'' (without expression)
*'''A''': Main Theme (''forte''); descending and ascending scale figures suggest [[carillon]]s.
*'''B''': Hymn Theme (''piano'') (E{{music|flat}} minor); ''senza espressione''
*'''C''': Interlude/Transition (''mezzo forte'' with ''crescendo'' to ''forte''); promenade theme recalled. Suggestions of clockwork, bells, ascent.
*'''A''': Main Theme (''fortissimo''); Meno mosso, sempre maestoso''.'' [[Triplet (music)|Triplet]] [[Figuration (music)|figuration]].
*'''D''': Interlude/Transition (''mezzo forte'' with ''crescendo''). Triplets.
*'''A''': Main Theme (''fortissimo''); Grave, sempre allargando''.'' The tempo slows to a standstill by the final [[cadence]].{{Block indent|<score sound="1">
{\new PianoStaff << \new Staff << \new voice \relative c' {
  \tempo "Allegro alla breve. Maestoso. Con grandezza"
  \set Score.tempoHideNote = ##t \tempo 2 = 66
  \clef treble
  \bar ""
  \key es \major
  \time 2/2
  \slashedGrace s8 <es g bes es>1\f
  <f bes d f>
  <g bes es g>2 <es g c es>4( <g g'>)
  <f bes d f>2 <bes, bes'>
  \stemDown <g' bes es g>4( <bes bes'> <f f'> <es es'>)
  \stemNeutral <d bes' d>2 <bes g' bes>
  \stemDown <g' bes es g>4( <bes bes'> <f f'> <es es'>)
  \stemNeutral <d bes' d>2 <bes g' bes>
}
  \new voice \relative c'' {
    s1 s1 s1 s1
    s2 \stemUp bes s1
    s2 bes
}
>>
\new Staff << \new voice \relative c {
  \clef bass
  \bar ""
  \key es \major
  \time 2/2
  \slashedGrace g8~ <g bes es g>1
  \slashedGrace f8~ <f bes d f>1
  \slashedGrace es8~ <es g bes es>2 \slashedGrace c8~ <c es g c>2
  \slashedGrace d8~ <d f bes d>2 bes'
  \stemUp \slashedGrace es,8~ <es es'>2( <d d'>4 <c c'>
  \stemNeutral <bes f' bes>2 <g es' g>
  \stemUp \slashedGrace es'8~ <es es'>2( <d d'>4 <c c'>
  \stemNeutral <bes f' bes>2 <g es' g>
}
  \new voice \relative c {
    s1 s1 s1 s1
    \stemDown bes2 bes s1
    bes2 bes
}
>>
 >> }
</score>}}