Editing Phoebe Hearst (section)

==Religion==
[[File:Phoebe Hearst Grave site.jpg|thumb|Resting place of Phoebe Hearst at Cypress Lawn Cemetery in San Bruno, California]]

Hearst was raised a member of the Christian [[Cumberland Presbyterian]] community in the 1840s.<ref>{{Citation |author1=Owens, Billie Louise  |author2=Robert James  |name-list-style=amp | title = Sons of Frontiersmen: History & Genealogy of Rowland, Whitmire and Associated Families | publisher = Billie Louise and Robert James Owens | year = 1976 | page = 62}}</ref> In 1898 she declared her belief in the [[Baháʼí Faith]],<ref>{{cite book|author1=Sandra Hutchinson|author2=Richard Hollinger | editor-last =Keller| editor-first = Rosemary Skinner | editor2-last = Ruether | editor2-first =Rosemary Radford | editor3-last =Cantlon | editor3-first = Marie |title=Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America: Native American creation stories | chapter =Women in the North American Baha'i Community | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC&pg=PA776 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC|year=2006|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=0-253-34687-8|pages=776–786}}</ref> and helped play a key role in the spread of the religion in the United States.

Hearst had already been an early investor in the initiative of Sarah Farmer using the [[Green Acre Baháʼí School|Greenacre Inn]] as a summer center of cross-religion gatherings and cultural development shortly after the 1893 [[Parliament of Religions]].<ref name=Schmidt>{{cite book|author=Leigh Eric Schmidt|title=Restless Souls: The Making of American Spirituality|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wbk80IOIgzEC|date=6 August 2012|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-95411-3}}</ref>{{rp|p.193}} In November 1898, Hearst, with [[Lua Getsinger]] and others, briefly stopped off in Paris, on their way to Palestine, and was shocked to see [[May Maxwell|May Bolles]] (later Maxwell), later a well known American member of the Baháʼí Faith, bedridden with the chronic malady with which she had been afflicted.<ref>{{citation |last1= Hogenson |first1=Kathryn J. |year= 2010 |title= Lighting the Western Sky: The Hearst Pilgrimage & Establishment of the Baha'i Faith in the West |publisher= George Ronald |isbn= 978-0-85398-543-3|page = 60}}</ref> Hearst invited Bolles to travel to Palestine with her, believing that the change of air would be conducive to her health. Getsinger disclosed to Bolles the purpose of the journey: a pilgrimage to visit the then head of the Baháʼí Faith: [[ʻAbdu'l-Bahá]].<ref name="Nakhjavani">{{Cite book |author=Nakhjavani, Violette|year=1996|title=Maxwells of Montreal, The|publisher = George Ronald |isbn=978-0-85398-551-8|pages = 52, 70}}</ref> The group travelled to [[Acre, Israel|Akka]] and [[Haifa]] in [[History of Palestine#Ottoman period|Ottoman Palestine]] on pilgrimage, arriving on December 14, 1898.<ref>{{citation | title = Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America | first1 = Rosemary Skinner | last1 = Keller | first2 = Rosemary Radford | last2 = Ruether | first3 = Marie | last3 = Cantlon | publisher = Indiana University Press | year = 2006 | isbn =  0-253-34685-1 | pages = 777}}</ref><ref>{{citation | title = The Hearsts | first = Judith | last = Robinson | publisher = University of Delaware Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 0-87413-383-1 | pages = [https://archive.org/details/hearstsamericand0000robi/page/311 311–312] | url = https://archive.org/details/hearstsamericand0000robi/page/311 }}</ref><ref>{{citation | last1 = Hatcher | first1 = W.S. |last2 =  Martin | first2 = J.D. |year = 1998 |title = The Baháʼí Faith: The Emerging Global Religion |publisher = Harper & Row |location = San Francisco | pages = 52–53 | isbn = 0-87743-264-3 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=IZmkG1ASirgC }}</ref><ref>{{citation | title = The Origins of the Bahá'í Community of Canada, 1898-1948 | first = Will C. | last = Van den Hoonaard | publisher = Wilfrid Laurier University Press | year = 1996 | isbn = 0-88920-272-9 | pages = 17, 36, 356 pages | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=znXIbkNA1nQC }}</ref> They were the very first Westerners to make the pilgrimage and meet ʻAbdu'l-Bahá. Hearst later wrote, "Those three days were the most memorable days of my life."<ref>{{citation | title = Persia by a Persian: Personal Experiences, Manners, Customs, Habits, Religious and Social Life in Persia | first = Isaac | last = Adams | publisher = E. Stock | year= 1906 | location = New York Public Library | pages = 489}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | author=Effendi, Shoghi | title=God Passes By | location=Wilmette | publisher=Baháʼí Pub. Trust | year=1974 | isbn=0-87743-020-9}}</ref> Yet after the first pilgrimage attempts at correspondence on behalf of Hearst by Lua Getsinger were leaked naming her involvement in the religion at a time of rising considerations of her son's political activities and so Hearst dismissed the Getsingers from their stay at her home in 1901.<ref name=Hogerson>{{cite book
| author= Kathryn Jewett Hogenson
 | title =Lighting the Western Sky - The Hearst Pilgrimage and the Establishment of the Baha'i Faith in the West
 | publisher =George Ronald
 | edition = Kindle|orig-year= May 1, 2010
 | date =Oct 23, 2013
 | location =Oxford,UK
 | id = B00G5U5FW2 
 | isbn =978-0-85398-543-3 
 |oclc= 650516706}}</ref><sup>Kindle:6195</sup> Still in the spring of 1901 Hearst also met with Sarah Farmer again,<ref name="Remey1949">{{cite book|author=Charles Mason Remey|title=Reminiscences of the summer school Green-Acre, Eliot, Maine: of seasons there, of happenings there, and some of the people who went there and the things they did|url=http://www.h-net.org/~bahai/diglib/MSS/P-T/R/Remey/RGA.htm|orig-year=1949|year=1955|pages=7–8}}</ref> and invested again in Green Acre, as it came to be called, in 1902,<ref name=RichardsonOC>{{cite journal| last = Richardson| first =Robert P.| title =The Rise and Fall of the Parliament of Religions at Greenacre| journal =The Open Court| volume = XLVI| issue =3| pages = 128–166| date = March 1931| url =https://archive.org/stream/opencourt_mar1931caru#page/n11/mode/2up/| access-date = Oct 22, 2013}}</ref> and, further, an agent of Hearst acted for Sarah Farmer when she changed her will in 1909 to bequeath Green Acre to the Baháʼís in the event of Farmer's death.<ref name=Atkinson1990>{{cite web| author=Anne Gordon Atkinson| title =Introduction to Green Acre Baháʼí School| website =Bahai-Library.com| date =1997| url =http://bahai-library.com/atkinson_history_green_acre| access-date = August 2, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title =Hooe will is filed | newspaper =The Washington Herald| location =Washington, District of Columbia| page =12| date =13 Jan 1911| url =https://www.newspapers.com/clip/656469/1911_jan_13_green_acre_was_to_go_to/ | access-date = August 7, 2015 }}</ref> Hearst had also been a victim of an incident seeking to extort money from her, which had caused her estrangement from some Bahá'ís.<ref name=Balyuzi/> In October 1912, she invited ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, [[ʻAbdu'l-Bahá's journeys to the West|who was travelling]] throughout the United States, to stay at her home for a long weekend, even though at that time she had become estranged from the Bahá'í community.<ref name=Balyuzi>{{cite book |last = Balyuzi |first = H.M. |author-link = Hasan M. Balyuzi |year = 2001 |title = ʻAbdu'l-Bahá: The Centre of the Covenant of Baháʼu'lláh |edition = Paperback |publisher = George Ronald |place = Oxford, UK |isbn = 0-85398-043-8 |pages = [https://archive.org/details/abdulbahacentreo0000baly/page/308 308–309] |url = https://archive.org/details/abdulbahacentreo0000baly/page/308 }}</ref> During his stay, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá mentioned that anyone who tried to extort money or goods from others should not be considered a true Bahá'í.<ref name=Balyuzi/>